1. Risk Assessment of Bovine Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II DRB3 Alleles for Perinatal Transmission of Bovine Leukemia Virus
- Author
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Sohei Yasuda, Munehito Mimura, Chieh-Wen Lo, Hirotaka Sato, Rania Hamada, Lanlan Bai, Naoko Tanaka, Michihito Inokuma, Anna Yasui, Shuji Yoneyama, Liushiqi Borjigin, Shin-nosuke Takeshima, Yoko Aida, Yasuo Shinozaki, and Risa Yamanaka
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,dam ,disease resistance ,040301 veterinary sciences ,viruses ,animal diseases ,proviral load ,perinatal infection ,BoLA-DRB3 polymorphism ,Human leukocyte antigen ,Biology ,Plant disease resistance ,Article ,law.invention ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,disease suitability ,law ,Immunology and Allergy ,Allele ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,calf ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Bovine leukemia virus ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Breed ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Transmission (mechanics) ,bovine leukemia virus ,Herd ,Medicine - Abstract
Perinatal transmission plays a critical role in the spread of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in cattle herds. In the Holstein breed, we previously identified BLV resistant and susceptible bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA)-DRB3 alleles, including BoLA-DRB3*009:02 and *014:01:01 with a low BLV proviral load (PVL), and *015:01 and *012:01 with a high PVL. Here, we evaluated the perinatal BLV transmission risk in dams with different BoLA-DRB3 alleles. BoLA-DRB3 alleles of 120 dam-calf pairs from five dairy farms in Japan were identified, their PVL was quantified using the BLV-Coordination of Common Motifs (CoCoMo)-qPCR-2 assay. Ninety-six dams were BLV-positive, and 29 gave birth to BLV-infected calves. Perinatal transmission frequency was 19% in dams with resistant alleles suppressed to a low PVL level, and 38% and 25% in dams with susceptible and neutral alleles that maintained high PVL levels, respectively. Notably, all calves with resistant alleles were BLV free, whereas 30% of calves with susceptible genes were infected. Thus, vertical transmission risk was extremely lower for dams and calves with resistant alleles compared to those with susceptible alleles. Our results can inform the development of effective BLV eradication programs under field conditions by providing necessary data to allow for optimal selection of dams for breeding.
- Published
- 2021