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The effect of N content on the microstructure and wear resistance of 4Cr13 corrosion-resistant plastic mold steel were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and tribometer. The results showed that the influence mechanism of nitrogen on the hardness of the test steels responded to the changes in the quenching temperature. When the quenching temperature was below 1050 °C, the solid solution strengthening of N played a dominant role as a wear mechanism, and as the N content increased, the hardness of the steel increased. When the quenching temperature was higher than 1050 °C, N increased the residual austenite content, resulting in a decrease in hardness. The addition of N reduced the optimal quenching temperature of the test steels. The N addition promoted the transformation of large-sized M23C6 to M23C6 and fine Cr2N, resulting in an increase in the hardness of the test steels. The influence on the wear resistance of the experimental steels differed according to the varied N contents. The addition of 0.1% N delayed the precipitation of large- sized particles in the second phase, increased the hardness of the steel, and reduced the degree of wear. However, an excessive addition of N (0.18%) led to the excessive precipitation of the second-phase particles, and the second-phase particles then gradually flaked during the wear process and continued to participate in the wear process as third-body abrasives, reducing wear resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]