1. Microfluidics for Antibiotic Susceptibility and Toxicity Testing
- Author
-
Morgan Hamon, Jing Dai, and Sachin Jambovane
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Antibiotics ,Bioengineering ,Review ,bacterial persistence ,Biology ,lcsh:Technology ,01 natural sciences ,Organ-on-a-chip ,biofilm ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antibiotic resistance ,medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,media_common ,organ-on-a-chip ,microfluidic platforms ,non-growing but metabolically active (NGMA) bacteria ,lcsh:T ,business.industry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Bacterial persistence ,Antimicrobial ,0104 chemical sciences ,Biotechnology ,antibiotic toxicity ,combinatorial effect ,030104 developmental biology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Drug development ,Toxicity ,cell-on-a-chip ,antibiotic susceptibility ,business - Abstract
The recent emergence of antimicrobial resistance has become a major concern for worldwide policy makers as very few new antibiotics have been developed in the last twenty-five years. To prevent the death of millions of people worldwide, there is an urgent need for a cheap, fast and accurate set of tools and techniques that can help to discover and develop new antimicrobial drugs. In the past decade, microfluidic platforms have emerged as potential systems for conducting pharmacological studies. Recent studies have demonstrated that microfluidic platforms can perform rapid antibiotic susceptibility tests to evaluate antimicrobial drugs’ efficacy. In addition, the development of cell-on-a-chip and organ-on-a-chip platforms have enabled the early drug testing, providing more accurate insights into conventional cell cultures on the drug pharmacokinetics and toxicity, at the early and cheaper stage of drug development, i.e., prior to animal and human testing. In this review, we focus on the recent developments of microfluidic platforms for rapid antibiotics susceptibility testing, investigating bacterial persistence and non-growing but metabolically active (NGMA) bacteria, evaluating antibiotic effectiveness on biofilms and combinatorial effect of antibiotics, as well as microfluidic platforms that can be used for in vitro antibiotic toxicity testing.
- Published
- 2016