1. Soil erosion processes in European vineyards: A qualitative comparison of rainfall simulation measurements in Germany, Spain and France
- Author
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Xavier Morvan, Manuel Seeger, Oumarou Malam Issa, Ramón Bienes, Thomas Iserloh, Marta Ruiz Colmenero, Christophe Naisse, José Arnáez, Artemio Cerdà, Jesús Rodrigo Comino, Massimo Prosdocimi, Maria Jose Marques, María Concepción Ramos, Teodoro Lasanta, Johannes B. Ries, Saskia Keesstra, José Damián Ruiz Sinoga, Universität Trier, Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Groupe d'Étude sur les Géomatériaux et Environnements Naturels, Anthropiques et Archéologiques - EA 3795 (GEGENAA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), IRD/Niamey, Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TeSAF), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Universidad de La Rioja (UR), Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia (IPE), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Universitat de Lleida, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Trier University, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologìa = Pyrenean Institute of Ecology [Zaragoza] (IPE - CSIC), and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)
- Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Water en Landgebruik ,soil hydrology ,Oceanography ,01 natural sciences ,RUISSELLEMENT ,Soil ,vineyards ,Bodem ,Soil, Water and Land Use ,Qualitative comparison ,lcsh:Science ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Water Science and Technology ,2. Zero hunger ,Soil classification ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,qualitative comparison ,PE&RC ,Infiltration (hydrology) ,INFILTRATION ,ERODIBILITE DU SOL ,PRECIPITATION ,Erosion ,WEPP ,SIMULATION DE PLUIE ,Soil hydrology ,EAU DU SOL ,Soil science ,VIGNE ,Soil loss ,ETUDE COMPARATIVE ,[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Earth-Surface Processes ,Terroir ,Hydrology ,soil erosion ,Water and Land Use ,TERRE CULTIVABLE ,ECOULEMENT DE SURFACE ,rainfall simulation ,15. Life on land ,Bodemfysica en Landbeheer ,Vineyards ,Rainfall simulation ,Bodem, Water en Landgebruik ,Soil Physics and Land Management ,rainfall simulation, soil erosion, soil hydrology, qualitative comparison, vineyards ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,Soil erosion ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Environmental science ,lcsh:Q ,Surface runoff ,METHODOLOGIE - Abstract
Small portable rainfall simulators are considered a useful tool to analyze soil erosion processes in cultivated lands. European research groups in Spain (Valencia, Málaga, Lleida, Madrid and La Rioja), France (Reims) and Germany (Trier) have used different rainfall simulators (varying in drop size distribution and fall velocities, kinetic energy, plot forms and sizes, and field of application) to study soil loss, surface flow, runoff and infiltration coefficients in different experimental plots (Valencia, Montes de Málaga, Penedès, Campo Real and La Rioja in Spain, Champagne in France and Mosel-Ruwer valley in Germany). The measurements and experiments developed by these research teams give an overview of the variety of methodologies used in rainfall simulations to study the problem of soil erosion and describe the erosion features in different climatic environments, management practices and soil types. The aims of this study are: (i) to investigate where, how and why researchers from different wine-growing regions applied rainfall simulations with successful results as a tool to measure soil erosion processes; (ii) to make a qualitative comparison about the general soil erosion processes in European terroirs; (iii) to demonstrate the importance of the development of standard method for measurement of soil erosion processes in vineyards, using rainfall simulators; and (iv) and to analyze the key factors that should be taken into account to carry out rainfall simulations. The rainfall simulations in all cases allowed infiltration capacity, susceptibility of the soil to detachment and generation of sediment loads to runoff to be determined. Despite using small plots, the experiments were useful to analyze the influence of soil cover to reduce soil erosion, to make comparisons between different locations, and to evaluate the influence of different soil characteristics. The comparative analysis of the studies performed in different study areas points out the need to define an operational methodology to carry out rainfall simulations, which allows us to obtain representative and comparable results and to avoid errors in the interpretation in order to achieve comparable information about runoff and soil loss., We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI)., We acknowledge all the co-authors for the fast and friendly response to take part in this paper and their useful suggestions and corrections. Furthermore, we also thank the Caixa-Bank and DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst) for the Scholarship grant awarded to J. Rodrigo-Comino.
- Published
- 2016
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