1. Energy Dense Salty Food Consumption Frequency Is Associated with Diastolic Hypertension in Spanish Children.
- Author
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Pérez-Gimeno G, Rupérez AI, Vázquez-Cobela R, Herráiz-Gastesi G, Gil-Campos M, Aguilera CM, Moreno LA, Leis Trabazo MR, and Bueno-Lozano G
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Child, Child, Preschool, Dietary Sugars adverse effects, Fast Foods adverse effects, Female, Humans, Hypertension prevention & control, Male, Spain epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena physiology, Diastole, Eating, Energy Intake, Hypertension epidemiology, Hypertension etiology, Snacks, Sodium Chloride, Dietary adverse effects
- Abstract
High blood pressure (BP) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and sodium consumption is related to high BP. Moreover, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) influence BP. For this reason, we investigated whether: 1) children with risk of elevated BP had a higher consumption frequency (CF) of energy-dense salty foods (EDSF), high-sugary foods (HSF) and SSB or a low DASH score; and 2) children with a higher CF of EDSF showed a worse anthropometric and metabolic profile. Anthropometry, BP and general biochemical parameters were measured in 687 Spanish children (5-16 years) with normal or excess weight. A food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate EDSF, HSF and SSB consumption, and modified DASH score. Results showed that sex and pubertal stage influenced modified DASH score. Diastolic hypertension was associated to higher CF of EDSF in the whole sample and to higher CF of SSB in pubertal children, both independently of nutritional status. In addition, CF of EDSF was positively associated with CF of HSF and SSB and inversely associated with modified DASH score. Targeted policies and intervention programs, specific for different age ranges, should be established that aim to reduce salt consumption from snacks and processed foods, which could reduce HSF and SSB consumption as well.
- Published
- 2020
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