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Objective: To analyze the impact of surgical sanation of patients with destructive tuberculosis on the prevalence of tuberculosis and mortality of these patients., Material and Methods: Treatment strategy for destructive pulmonary tuberculosis de novo was developed in the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University. This strategy was applied at the Surgical Department of the Regional Tambov Tuberculosis Dispensary in 2013-2017. We formed a register of patients with pulmonary destruction and bacterial excretion and developed a personal treatment plan. All patients were divided into 3 groups (group A - surgical treatment, group B - no surgery due to refusal or discontinuation of treatment, group C - patients with contraindications or no indications for surgical treatment)., Results: Treatment efficacy considering closure of destruction cavities and abacillation was maximal in group A - 97.2%, 41.4% in group B and 39.8% in group C. The number of patients with pulmonary destruction and bacterial excretion has decreased by 3.3 times (from 516 to 158) or 69.8% for 4 years of extensive application of surgical treatment protocol. A significant reduction of 'bacillary core' interrupted infection chain and affected the main epidemiological characteristics. Short-term reduction of the incidence of tuberculosis may be expected. However, even more significant impact of this factor should be expected in the long-term period., Conclusion: Surgical treatment of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis improves efficacy of the management of these patients and reduces mortality rate.

Objective: To analyze the influence of surgical sanation of patients with destructive tuberculosis on the prevalence of tuberculosis and mortality., Material and Methods: The strategy of treatment for new cases of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis was developed in the Perelman Department of Phthisiopulmonology and Thoracic Surgery of the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University. This strategy was applied in the tuberculosis surgical department of the Tambov Regional Dispensary in 2013-2017. A register of patients with pulmonary destruction and bacterial excretion was developed and personal treatment plans were applied. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the treatment mode. The main group A consisted of patients who underwent surgical treatment. Surgery was not performed due to failure or discontinuation of treatment in the comparison group B. Group C included patients without indications or with contraindications for surgical treatment., Results: Treatment efficacy considering destruction cavities closure and abacillation was 97.2% in group A, 41.4% in group B and 39.8% in group C. Surgical approach for patients with destructive tuberculosis reduced the number of patients in the register by 3.3 times (from 516 to 158) within 4 years. A significant reduction of the bacillary core allows breaking the infection chain, that affects the main epidemiological indicators. Reduced incidence of tuberculosis is observed in short-term period, but even greater impact of this factor should be expected in long-term follow-up., Conclusion: Surgical approach in complex treatment of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis is valuable to improve efficacy of management of these patients and reduce mortality rate.