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Background: Recent advancements in clinical dentistry have increased the possibilities of surgical procedures in the mental region. A detailed knowledge of mental foramen (MF) morphometry is significant to preserve integrity of the mental nerve trunk in surgical interventions such as orthognathic surgery, implant placement and anaesthetic block.Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the most accurate position of the mental foramen by using new assessment approach in a sample of dental patients presenting to the specialist dental clinic, College of Dentistry, Al Jouf University, Saudi Arabia.Study Design: A retrospective study was performed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of 600 patients (40.1 ± 11.78 years old). Following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 395 CBCT were finally obtained and analyzed for the most accurate position of the mental foramen (MF) by OnDemand 3D software (Seoul, Korea). Prevalence of shape of MF and accessory MF were also assessed. Pearson chi-square test was employed to test significant differences between genders and races.Results: The most common horizontal and vertical position of the mental foramen was in line with the long axis of 2nd premolar (41.3%) and below the root apex level (93.2%), respectively. The most common shape of MF was round type (72.66%). The prevalence of accessory 2MF and 3MF was 2.28% and 0.25%, respectively.Conclusion: New information about MF presented in this article can help anatomists, prosthodontists, orthodontists, surgeons, forensic odontologists and paleoanthropologists to predict the position of the MF and perform safer surgeries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The prime aim of the study was to measure and compare the 3D CBCT Bolton tooth size ratio in relation to the upper and lower arch widths, arch length and arch perimeter. Materials and methods. The data source was CBCT high volumetric data from the archives. Tooth size, arch widths, arch length and arch perimeter were measured in maxilla and mandibular arches. The independent t-test and ANOVA were used for statistical analyses. Results. The female Bolton anterior ratio (BAR) (78.373) and Bolton overall ratio (BOR) (93.231) show a greater tooth size ratio in comparison to male BAR (77.162) and BOR (93.124), respectively. However, no significant difference was found in the sexual comparison of all the measurements. Tooth size ratio in arch width groups also showed no significant difference. Significant discrepancies in the arch length ( p < 0.05) groups and overall ratio and in the arch perimeter groups ( p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) and anterior ratio were revealed. Conclusions. Tooth size ratios during orthodontic treatment for different arch length and arch perimeter groups need to be evaluated carefully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. This study aimed to measure and compare tooth size ratios in a Bangladeshi population across the following groups: those with normal occlusion, crowding or spacing; those with normal, increased or decreased overjet; those with normal, increased or decreased overbite; those with or without dental mid-line discrepancy; and those with or without lip competence. It also presents a graphical overview of the anterior and overall ratios from the study and using available global data. Materials and methods. This study was performed on dental casts of 260 Bangladeshi individuals, comprising 114 males and 146 females (age range, 18-24 years, mean age = 20). The Bolton anterior ratio and overall ratio were determined for the following groups: those with normal occlusion, crowding or spacing; those with normal, increased or decreased overjet; those with normal, increased or decreased overbite; those with or without dental mid-line discrepancy; and those with or without lip competence. Results. There were statistically significant differences in the anterior tooth size ratios between those with or without dental mid-line discrepancy, with a mean value of 78.83% and 80.05%, respectively. Statistically significant differences were also found in overall tooth size ratios between those with normal, increased or decreased overjet and also between those with normal, increased or decreased overbite. Graphical presentations of anterior and overall ratios from the present study and using global data showed variations between populations. Conclusion. In the Bangladeshi population, increased tooth size ratios in subjects with dental mid-line discrepancy (anterior ratio) and also in those with decreased overjet or decreased overbite (overall ratio) may be predictors of tooth size discrepancies. The graphical overview also suggests that different international ethnic groups display unique Bolton ratios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]