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HIV infection is often described as a modern‑day scourge of humanity and also the natural consequence of unbridled sexual behavior. In fact, it is a viral infection affecting the human immune system. HIV has spread throughout the world at the end of the last century, causing a pandemic that has so far affected tens of millions of people and has already killed a comparable number. HIV infection can be effectively treated by using antiretrovirals. However, there is still no way to completely eradicate HIV from the human body. Health care for people with HIV infection is concentrated in HIV centers. To provide comprehensive care it is necessary to cooperate with physicians of all specialties, including general practitioners for adults and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]