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Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS), or tibial nerve compression at the internal malleolus level, is a frequently missed disease among clinicians, although it can be found in diabetic patients (almost half of them will develop peripheral neuropathy and related complications) and in non-diabetic patients due to the existence of tumors and anatomical accessory elments. The aim of this paper is to increase the level of awareness regarding the TTS diagnostic tools and treatments among doctors. The main source of literature review was PubMed database and the author’s personal experience. Although it is considered a rare disease, for sure underdiagnosed, left without treatment, TTS will lead to foot sensitive and motor deficits with dramatic effects on patients quality of life and survival. Patient’s history, clinical examination (positive Tinel sign, objective testing of increased sensibility threshold) and paraclinical examination (soft tissue ultrasonography and nervous conduction studies) highlight the diagnostic. The conservative and minimally invasive therapeutic methods are efficient, but limited in time, the surgical solution – tarsal tunnel decompresion – being still the elective procedure, even in critical peripheral neuropathy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The number of patients developing multiple primary cancers, synchronous or metachronous, has been increasing during the last couple of years. Literature considers that this increase is due to the development of the medical diagnosis techniques, the treatment and monitoring of neoplastic patients, known as having a higher risk of developing a second neoplasia compared to the risk of the general population; the increase in the average life expectancy of modern population is also added to such. Description. We present the case of a 73-yearold Caucasian patient, former smoker for 15 years, diagnosed in January 2016 with a routine CT scan, with two lung lesions in the upper right lobe. The pathological history of the patient shows two synchronous neoplasias of cecum and descending colon treated radically: sequential resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. After a disease-free period of 8 years, in January 2016, two spiculiform lung lesions are discovered in the upper right lobe, suspected of being tuberculosis lesions. The patient had undergone tuberculostatic treatment for 5 months, under which it was discovered that the lung lesions grew. After a PET-CT reassessment, which notices the increased metabolic activity of the lung lesions, a surgical treatment is decided - LASER assisted non-anatomic resection. The extemporaneous histopathological examination shows a carcinomatous infiltration for both lesions, but the parafin histopathological examination shows two different results: lung squamous carcinoma and lung metastasis of malignant melanoma - results confirmed by the immunohistochemical analysis. The dermatologic examination uncovered a melanomatous lesion in the nail bed in the second toe of the left foot, for which the resection of the intermediate and distal phalanges was performed. The histopathological examination confirms a Clark stage III malignant melanoma. Conclusions. We consider that the association of two synchronous cancers of colon with a metachronous lung cancer and an oligometastatic melanoma is rare, and has not been reported in literature according to our knowledge. Due to the increased risk of developing a second malignancy, patients with neoplasias require long-term follow-up, and the cases with multiple malignancies are subject to a customised multimodal treatment plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]