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Strain P1297T was isolated in the frame of a project aimed on the psychrotolerant microbiota occurring in water sources. The strain initially identified as tentative Aeromonas sp. was rod-shaped, Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, oxidase positive. Subsequently, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed P1297T within the class Betaproteobacteria and showed Aquitalea magnusonii TRO-001DR8T as its closest phylogenetic relative with which it shared 99.28 % sequence similarity. Digital DDH and average nucleotide identity (ANI) were determined to evaluate the genomic relationship among P1297T and Aquitalea magnusonii CCM 7607T. Digital DDH estimation (31.3 ± 2.46 %) as well as ANI (85.6001 %; reciprocal value 85.3277 %) proved the dissimilarity of the P1297T. Further investigation using phenotyping, automated ribotyping, whole-cell protein profiling and PCR fingerprinting methods showed distinct taxonomic position of P1297T among hitherto described Aquitalea spp. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments revealed low binding values between strain P1297T and Aquitalea magnusonii CCM 7607T (57±3 %) and Aquitalea denitrificans CCM 7935T (41±5 %). The mol % G+C content of the DNA of strain P1297T was 60.3 %. The polar lipids detected were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidiylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified phospholipids and one unidentified aminophospholipid. Obtained results of genotypic and chemotaxonomic methods clearly proved that strain P1297T represents a novel species of the genus Aquitalea, for which the name Aquitalea pelogenes sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is P1297T (= CCM 7557T = LMG 28989T = CCUG 67440T).