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A Gram-reaction-positive, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterial strain, designated TEYR-7T, was isolated from the leaves of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum collected from the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province, northwest China. Growth of strain TEYR-7T occurred at 15–37 °C (optimum, 28–30 °C), at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0–1 %). Propionate and acetate were produced from glucose fermentation. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TEYR-7T was a member of the phylum Actinobacteria, exhibiting the highest sequence similarity to Propioniciclava tarda DSM 22130T (94.3 %). The only respiratory quinone detected in strain TEYR-7T was menaquinone MK-9(H4) and the major cellular fatty acids (>10 %) were anteiso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified glycolipids, an unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 71.2 mol%. meso-Diaminopimelic acid was detected in the peptidoglycan. On the basis of data from the present polyphasic taxonomic study, strain TEYR-7T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Propioniciclava , for which the name Propioniciclava sinopodophylli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TEYR-7T (=CCTCC AB 2015257T=KCTC 33808T).

A yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated strain GZJT-2T, was isolated from the stem of Hylomecon japonica (Thunb.) Prantl et Kündig collected from Taibai Mountain in Shaanxi Province, north-west China. Cells of strain GZJT-2T were Gram-reaction-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming and non-motile. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain GZJT-2T was a member of the genus Sphingomonas, with sequence similarities of 92.1–96.9 % to type strains of recognized species of the genus Sphingomonas (92.1 % to Sphingomonas oligoaromativorans SY-6T and 96.9 % to Sphingomonas oligophenolica JCM 12082T). Strain GZJT-2T contained ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) as the predominant respiratory quinone and sym-homospermidine as the major polyamine. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (comprising C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c), summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and C14 : 0 2-OH. Phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, sphingoglycolipid, four unidentified phospholipids, an unidentified aminolipid and four unidentified lipids were detected in the polar lipid profile. The DNA G+C content was 62.5 ± 0.3 mol%. On the basis of data from phenotypic, phylogenetic and DNA–DNA relatedness studies, strain GZJT-2T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas hylomeconis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GZJT-2T ( = CCTCC AB 2013304T = KCTC 42739T).

A yellowish-pigmented bacterium, designated strain PLGR-1T, was isolated from the root of Bergenia scopulosa collected from Taibai Mountain in Shaanxi Province, north-west China, and was subjected to a taxonomic study by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain PLGR-1T were Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming and motile with a single polar flagellum. Growth occurred at 7–33 °C (optimum, 25–28 °C), at pH 5.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 6.0–7.0) and with 0–0.5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) and the major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and summed feature 8 (comprising C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c). The major polyamines were putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The DNA G+C content was 69.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain PLGR-1T belonged to the class Betaproteobacteria and formed a tight phyletic lineage with members of the genus Rhizobacter . Strain PLGR-1T was most closely related to Rhizobacter dauci DSM 11587T and Rhizobacter fulvus DSM 19916T, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 98.5 and 98.0 %, respectively. The DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain PLGR-1T and the type strains of Rhizobacter dauci and Rhizobacter fulvus were 46.3 and 14.7 %, respectively. Based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic data, strain PLGR-1T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Rhizobacter , for which the name Rhizobacter bergeniae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PLGR-1T ( = CCTCC AB 2013018T = KCTC 32299T = LMG 27607T).

A Gram-staining-positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, designated GTGR-8T, which formed white colonies, was isolated from roots of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. collected from Taibai Mountain in Shaanxi Province, north-west China. Strain GTGR-8T grew optimally at 28–30 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain GTGR-8T was a member of the genus Solirubrobacter and was closely related to Solirubrobacter pauli B33D1T (98.9 % similarity), Solirubrobacter ginsenosidimutans BXN5-15T (97.0 %) and Solirubrobacter soli Gsoil 355T (96.9 %). No other recognized bacterial species showed more than 94.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the novel isolate. The only respiratory quinone of strain GTGR-8T was MK-7(H4) and the major fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c, C17 : 1ω8c, C18 : 3ω6c (6,9,12) and C17 : 1ω6c. The DNA G+C content was 71.0 mol%. DNA–DNA relatedness for strain GTGR-8T with respect to its closest relatives, S. pauli KCTC 9974T and S. ginsenosidimutans KCTC 19420T, was 52.5 and 24.5 %, respectively. Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic data, strain GTGR-8T is considered to represent a novel species in the genus Solirubrobacter , for which the name Solirubrobacter phytolaccae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GTGR-8T ( = CCTCC AB 2013011T = KCTC 29190T).

A Gram-reaction-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, red-pigmented bacterial strain, designated ZLD-7T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from an arid area in Xinjiang Province in north-west China, and characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain ZLD-7T was a member of the genus Pontibacter in the family Cytophagaceae , with sequence similarities of 93.7–96.2 % to type strains of other Pontibacter species. The only isoprenoid quinone of strain ZLD-7T was MK-7, and its major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 4 (anteiso-C17 : 1 B and/or iso-C17 : 1 I), iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid and four unidentified polar lipids. The DNA G+C content was 47.8 mol%. On the basis of the evidence presented, it is proposed that strain ZLD-7T represents a novel species of the genus Pontibacter , for which the name Pontibacter toksunensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ZLD-7T ( = CCTCC AB 208003T = KCTC 23984T). Emended descriptions of Pontibacter roseus and Pontibacter akesuensis are also proposed.

A light-yellow-coloured bacterium, designated strain PTJT-5T, was isolated from the stem of Smilacina japonica A. Gray collected from Taibai Mountain in Shaanxi Province, north-west China, and was subjected to a taxonomic study by using a polyphasic approach. The novel isolate grew optimally at 25–28 °C and pH 6.0–7.0. Flexirubin-type pigments were produced. Cells were Gram-reaction-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain PTJT-5T was a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes , exhibiting the highest sequence similarity to Lacibacter cauensis NJ-8T (87.7 %). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C17 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The only polyamine was homospermidine and the major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The only respiratory quinone was MK-7 and the DNA G+C content was 40.3 mol%. Based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic data, strain PTJT-5T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Chitinophagaceae , for which the name Taibaiella smilacinae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Taibaiella smilacinae is PTJT-5T ( = CCTCC AB 2013017T = KCTC 32316T). An emended description of Flavihumibacter petaseus is also proposed.