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Fundamento: La valoración del estado nutricional a partir de los miembros superiores es útil a nivel clínico. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el grado de acuerdo entre los porcentajes de grasa corporal (%GC) estimados mediante el área adiposa del brazo (%GC BRAZO), la ecuación de Siri para el pliegue del tríceps (%GC TRÍCEPS) y por bioimpedanciometría brazo-brazo (%GC BIA), así como con la ecuación de Siri para cuatro pliegues (%GC SIRI). Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se valoró antropométricamente y por impedanciometría (Omron BF 300©) a 145 personas (83 varones, 62 mujeres). La concordancia entre métodos se analizó mediante el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI) y el método de Bland-Altman. Resultados: el CCI entre %GC BRAZO-%GC TRÍCEPS fue de 0,8322 (intervalo de confianza al 95% 0,7672-0,8791); entre %GCB RAZO-%GC BIA de 0,7337 (0,6305-0,8080) y entre %GC TRICEPS-%GC BIA de 0,9290 (0,9015; 0,9488). Con el método de Bland-Altman el intervalo de concordancia entre %GC BRAZO-%GC TRÍCEPS (-11,2; 16,96) y entre %GC BRAZO-%GC BIA (-13,04; 21,76) superó el punto de corte (±10%), pero no entre %G CTRICEPS-%GC BIA (-6,64; 9,6), %GC SIRI-%GC TRÍCEPS (-5,27; 4,52) y %GC SIRI-%GC BIA (-6,31; 8,52). El IMC no influyó en el resultado. Conclusiones: El método utilizado influye en la valoración nutricional realizada a partir de los miembros superiores. El área adiposa del brazo sobreestima el %GC con relación a la ecuación de Siri para el pliegue del tríceps o para cuatro pliegues y a la impedanciometría, y aunque este resultado sugiere que el área adiposa del brazo puede no ser un indicador válido de la adiposidad global, este extremo deberá ser confirmado frente a una técnica patrón.

Fundamentos: La evaluación nutricional durante la premenopausia y la menopausia tiene un papel relevante para valorar los cambios que acontecen en la mujer. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar los parámetros grasa corporal e índice adiposo-muscular corporal (IAMC) estimados mediante impedanciometría respecto al índice de masa corporal (IMC) en la definición del estado nutricional y la composición corporal. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Mediante muestreo aleatorio (base de tarjeta sanitaria) fueron seleccionadas 30 mujeres de 35 a 55 años, valorándose en ellas la asociación entre grasa corporal e IAMC con el IMC; diferentes estimadores de la distribución de la grasa corporal: circunferencias de la cintura y cresta ilíaca, cocientes cintura-cadera e ilíaca-cadera y diámetros ilíaco y sagital; presiones arteriales sistólica (PAS) y diastólica (PAD) y niveles plasmáticos de glucosa, colesterol, HDL-colesterol y triglicéridos. Resultados: El porcentaje de grasa corporal correlacionó intensamente (p

Background: The DRECE III study is based on the follow up of a cohort representative of the Spanish general population. The mortality, its main causes and relevant risk factors have been analyzed., Methods: The DRECE cohort is composed of 4783 subjects followed since 1991 to 2004 (70930 person-years). In 1991 a general medical exam including blood analysis and nutritional questionnaire was undertaken. Currently the age spam is from 18 to 73 years. Vital status and mortality causes were provided by the National Institute of Statistics., Results: In this period, 125 deaths were registered: 53 persons (42.4%) due to cancer; 31 persons (24.8%) due to circulatory causes, of which 24 were due to cardiovascular origin. The remaining 41 (32.8%) deaths were included under the ICD 10 "Other chapters". For the all causes mortality the independent associated variables were: creatinina 1.5 mgr/dl, HR 3.78 (95% CI: 1.52-9.40); diabetes, HR 2.80 (95% CI: 1.74-4.46); male sex, HR 2.39 (I95% CI: 1.61-3.55); age, HR 1.08 (I95% CI: 1.07-1.10); and gammaglutamil transpeptidasa, HR 1.001 (I95% CI: 1.000-1.003). In the case of cancer mortality the risk factors founded were: age, HR 1.12 (I95% CI: 1.09-1.16); and tobacco, HR 1.33 (I95% CI: 1.14-1.54). For cardiovascular mortality were creatinina 1.5 mg/dl, HR 19.40 (I95% CI: 5.45-69.12); diabetes, HR 9.82 (I95% CI: 4.19-23.04); and age, HR 1.10 (I95% CI: 1.05-1.15)., Conclusions: We obtain a mortality pattern where cancer is the most frequent cause. Classic risk factors appear associated to main death causes. Diabetes mellitus has an outstanding role as risk factor associated to early mortality. No specific diet data was associated neither to all causes mortality, nor to cardiovascular or cancer.

Background: Assessing nutritional status based on the upper limbs is useful at the clinical level. The aim of this study is to evaluate the agreement degree of the body fat percentages (%BF) estimated by the mid-arm adipose area (%BFARM), the Siri triceps skin-fold equation (%BFTRICEPS) and the arm-to-arm segmental bioimpedance analysis (%BFBIA), as well as the Siri four-skinfold equation (%BFSIRI), assessing their interchangeability., Methods: A cross-sectional study. Body fat assessments were made on a total of 145 subjects (83 males, 62 females) anthropometrically and by bioelectrical impedance analysis (Omron BF 300). The agreement between methods were analyzed using the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Bland-Altman method., Results: The ICC between %BFARM and %BFTRICEPS was 0.8322 (CI .95% 0.7672-0.8791); between %BFARM-%BFBIA 0.7337 (0.6305-0.8080) and between %BFTRICEPS-%BFBIA 0.9290 (0.9015; 0.9488). For the Bland-Altman method, the agreement interval between %BFARM-%BFTRICEPS (-11.2; 16.96) and between %BFARM-%BFBIA (-13.04; 21.76) exceeded the cutoff point (+/- 10%), but not between %BFTRICEPS-%BFBIA (-6.64; 9.6), %BFSIRI-%BFTRICEPS (-5.27; 4.52) and %BFSIRI-%BFBIA (-6.31; 8.52). The BMI has no bearing on the results., Conclusions: The method utilized influences the nutritional assessment made based on the upper limbs. The mid-arm adipose area method overestimated the %BF with relationship to the Siri triceps skinfold or four-skinfold equation and to the bioelectrical impedance analysis, and although this result suggests that mid-arm adipose area may not be a good indicator of global adiposity, this must be confirmed against a gold standard.

Background: Nutritional evaluation during pre-menopause and menopause plays an important role in assessing the changes taking place in a woman's body, a comparison being drawn in this study between the parameters body fat and body fat-muscle ratio (BFMR) estimated by impedancemetry and the body mass index (BMI) for defining nutritional status and body composition., Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study. By random sampling (health card basis), thirty women within the 35-55 age range were selected and then evaluated regarding the relationship between body fat and fat mass (FM)-fat free mass (FFM) ratio (FM/FFM = BFMR) and the BMI, different means of estimating body fat distribution: waist and iliac region circumferences, waist-hip and iliac region-hip ratios and iliac region and sagittal diameters; systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) and serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides., Results: The percentage of body fat was highly correlated (p < 0.001) with BMI (r = 0.919), waist (r = 0.866) and iliac region (r = 0.841) circumferences and sagittal (r = 0.783) and iliac region (r = 0.772) diameters, and less highly with glycemia (r = 0.385; p = 0.036) and the SBP (r = 0.497; p = 0.005) and DBP (r = 0.582; p = 0.001). The BFMR showed similar results, no being significantly related to any biochemical parameter. 46.7% of the obese women as per their percentage of body fat (> 33%) had a BMI of under 30., Conclusions: The estimating of the body fat and BFMR parameters among women within the 35-55 age range supplements the nutritional evaluation made by means of the BMI, although in order to define their true figures in this evaluation, the reference values must for the population as a whole must be determined.