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Ayurveda, the science of life is as old as the Vedic age and now a days Ayurvedic medicines are becoming popular day by day all across the world. The Ayurvedic therapeutics are mainly based on various kinds of dosage forms. Panchavidha kashaya kalpana is the basic form and many formulations are developed over time having long shelf life, stability, strong action etc. Kshara kalpana is the alkaline substance obtained from the ash of plants, minerals and animal products and has been widely used due to its minimal dose and potential action. Kalyanaka Kshara is a widely used formulation mentioned in our classics which is prepared by Antardhooma vidhi. In the present study Kalyanaka Kshara has been prepared using puta method as well as using muffle furnace. Physicochemical characterization of both the samples were done.

Ever since the evolution of the species Homo sapiens, anal problems have been a source of constant anxiety. Contrarily there seems to be an increasing incidence of the commonest of all anal disease, i.e. Arshas, a kind of disease which is very unkind towards mankind. Ayurvedic literatures have described Arshas as Mahagada and can be compared to Haemorrhoids in modern medicine. The various therapies show that there is no universally acceptable technique in the management of Haemorrhoids and also these have many side effects and demerits. Pratisaraneeya Kshara the alkaline group of medicinal substances has been emphasized throughout the classical literature for Arshas, as a substitute for surgical procedure and can be used safely in patients who are afraid of surgery, old and weak also. This work includes preparation of Apamarga and Palasha Pratisaraneeya Ksharas; evaluation of the efficacy of Apamarga and Palasha Pratisaraneeya Kshara and comparing the results in the management of Arshas. The effects of Apamarga Pratisaraneeya Kshara and Palasha Pratisaraneeya Kshara were evaluated clinically in 30 patients, 15 in each group randomly divided. The study concluded that in patients suffering from Arshas both Apamarga Pratisaraneeya Kshara and Palasha Pratisaraneeya Kshara showed statistically highly significant results (p < 0.001) in terms of the improvement in Mass per rectum, Pain and Size of pilemass and 80% of the patients treated with Apamarga Pratisaraneeya Kshara got complete remission from the disease, while with Palasha Pratisaraneeya Kshara 46.7% patients showed complete remission. Though there won’t many differences statistically, the comparison of individual criteria ‘s percentage and the relief obtained, Apamarga Pratisaraneeya Kshara showed an upper hand in managing the Arshas.

Urinary tract infections (UTI) affect men and women of all ages. The disease varies dramatically in their presentation and sequel. They are common cause of morbidity among people and can lead to significant mortality. E. coli is the most common organism causing UTI. The symptoms from a urinary tract infection include dysuria, frequent urination, burning sensation, urgency, hematuria and fever. Mutrakrichra which is having similar symptoms to UTI is widely described in Ayurveda classics. It is a tridoshaja vyadhi. Kshara is one among the important formulation that can be effectively used for the treatment of Mutrakrichra. Patala Paneeya kshara is indicated in treatment of Kaphaja Mutrakrichra by Acharya Vagbhata. A 43-year-old male got admitted with IP No.1069 in the hospital with symptoms of dysuria, suprapubic pain, urgency and increased frequency of micturition. After urinalysis condition was diagnosed as UTI. Prakruti of the patient was assessed as Vatakaphaja and found out to be suitable for internal administration of kshara. Patient was administered 500 mg capsules of Patala paneeya kshara twice daily for a period of 10 days and analyzed the condition. Along with reduction in number of pus cells great symptomatic relief was obtained. With the indigenous properties of kshara it can be effectively used in treatment of UTI.

Moles are a commonest skin condition. They are usually small, dark brownish, black spots and are caused by groups of pigmented cells. Mole can appear anywhere on the skin either alone or in groups. They usually appear in childhood and adolescence. In Ayurvedic classics it is usually correlated with Masaka. Masaka (elevated mole) are caused by vitiated Vatadosha as painless, black gram colour elevated and stable identity. In the present study a male patient aged about 42 years came complaining of a blackish brown coloured growth with irregular margins present on right side of his face (infraorbital region). With time the discoloured growth gradually increased its size in last 15 years. In contemporary medicine various treatments of this condition are available but no promising management is updated till date. Keeping this in mind the patient was advised to undergo Agnikarma and Kshara karma. By help of Agnikarma the mass was excised and later Kshara was applied. Since moles usually reoccur after excision also, Application of Kshara plays a pivotal role here since it leaves less possibility for it to regrow. After the above said treatment patient was advised to apply Jatyadi tail which is very good Vrana Ropak. After the follow up of 2 months it was found that there was no reoccurrence. The aim of study is to highlight the role of Agnikarma and Kshara karma in Masaka with special reference to elevated mole.

Ksharakarma is a type of chemical cauterization which is performed by Kshara (caustic alkali substance) and said to be one of the important para surgical procedure s in Ayurveda . Th is Kshara is classified in to various types a mong tho se Teekshanakshara is used for Arshas (h a emorrhoids) and in other ano - rectal disorders and also its practice is well described by A charya Sushruta . However in present surgical practice due to lack of und erstanding and practical exposure in the preparation of Teekshana Kshara and its application in the h a emorrhoids is not being practiced commonly. In view of that a standard method is developed on the basis of principles explained by Acharya Sushruta . It s p reparation requ ires ash of Apamarga ( Achyranthes aspera ), Shukti ( Ostrea edulis ) and paste of Chitraka ( Plumbago zylanica ). These are taken in fixed proportions. After specific steps semisolid Teekshanakshara is prepared and preserved in tight lid bottle . This Kshara is to be applied over the haemorrhoids in lithotomic position under suitable anesthesia to the patient . Later the Kshara applied site is washed with lemon juice and post operative maintenance is followed in a standard method. After some time th e h a emorrhoid site will get s l oughed out and leads to fibrosis of mucous membrane which further avoids the recurrence of disease. This is minimal invasive procedure and better than presently available conventional methods and successfully practiced in many of the h a emorrhoids patients. Key word: Arsha, Pratisaraniyakshara , Ksharakarma, haemorrhoids

The dis ease Ashmari is one among the eight major diseases or Astamahagadas. Detail information regarding the various aspect of the disease is available in the texts of Ayurveda. This infers the prevalence of ashmari since the inception of medicine in India. Even in the current era also, urinary calculi is an important health problem. In India 5 - 7 milllion people are estimated to be suffering from the disease. So only the study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of narikela kusuma yoga in the management of mutr ashmari. An observational study was conducted on 20 patients who were sampled in to one group. All the patients were administered the formulation in the form of kalka consisting of 10 g of narikela kusuma and 500 mg of yava kshara, twice daily for 21 days two hours before the intake of food. A pre test and a post test observation was made in terms of relief of symptoms such as bastipeeda, mutrakrichra etc, and in terms of reduction in the size of the stone. The reduction of size of the stones and relief of predominant symptoms like basti peeda, mutrakrichra were highly significant statistically with P < 0.001.

Kshara is a commonly used alkaline herbal p reparation in Ayurveda. D iff erent methods are mentioned in A yurvedic texts for Kshara preparation . T he aim of this study wa s to carry out standard operating procedure fixation and standardization of Yava kshara and to find out the best method for Kshara preparation. Y ava kshara has been prepa red by the method mentioned in Rastarangini 13 Tarang and 14 T a rang by specific and gen eral method. The specific method comes out to be the best in terms of yield . K sh ara has also been obtained by filtering the mud resi d ue and heating it again and there was no much difference in the kshara obtained fro m initial ash an d mud residue . But t he kshara prep ared from general method wa s more ac idic. S o we can conclude that the quality of ksha ra depends on the number of filt ration , more filtration better the kshara .

Amlapitta or Acid peptic disease i s a common crisis in this present era which impinges on more than 40 % of the population . It can be considered as Prajnaparadha janya vyadhi , as it occurs beca use of undisciplined and imbalanced food habits , where the concept of Hitabhuk , Mitabhuk and Rhutabhuk is totally ignored . S imilarly , with immense degree , hectic routine and psychological stress is also responsible for this condition. In this condition, Vi dagdhata of Pitta with dominancy of Amla bhava is seen . Amlapitta presents with the cardinal features like Avipaka, Klama, Utklesha, Tikta - Amla Udgara, Gaurava, Hrit - Kanta Daha and Aruchi. Depending upon Doshotklesha Gati , Amlapitta is of two types viz Urd hvaga Amlapitta and Adhoga Amlapitta. The line of treatment f or this condition includes Shodhana and Shamana. A clinical study was conducted with Sad y o Vamana followed by the internal administration of Yavakshara. Sady o Vamana helps to evacuate the Utklist a Dosha from Amashaya. Kshara converts the Amlabhava in to Madhura bhava, as it contains Amlavarjita pancharasa with dominancy of Katu or Lavana rasa. This co m bined approach gives significant result (P < 0.001) in relieving the symptoms of Amlapitta . K ey wo rds : Amlapitta, Acid peptic disease , Sadyo Vamana, Yavakshara.

Anushastra karmas such as Kshara karma, Agnikarma and Raktamoksha na are said to have immediate and long lasting results. Agnikarma is mainly indicated in Ruja pradhana, Vata and Kaphaja vyadhis. Pancha dh a tu shalaka has been used on a regular basis for the purpose of Agnikarma irrespective of the structure involved or l evel of the pathology. But more than 80 % of painful conditions are related to locomotory system which comprises Sandhi, Ast h i, Sira and Sn a yus . These are considered as Gambheera dhatus and Dah a nopakaranas mentioned for th e diseases of these locations are Snigdha dravyas such as K sh audra, Guda, Taila, Vasa, Madhuchista etc . When the thermal behavior of the Snigdha dravyas and Pancha dhatu shalaka were studied by direct methods employed in temperature measurement, Pancha dhatu shalaka requires considerably h igher temperature (235 o C - 240 o C) to become red hot, than that of the Snigdha dravyas to get boil (140 o C - 160 o C) . But Snigdha dravyas has got higher Latent heat than Pancha dhatu shalaka. The heat dissipation rate is about 2 o C in Snigdha dravyas and is 4 o C - 6 o C in Pancha dhatu shalaka. So in conditions like