1. Intestinal Stem Cell Isolation and Culture in a Porcine Model of Segmental Small Intestinal Ischemia
- Author
-
John M. Freund, Amy Stieler Stewart, Anthony T. Blikslager, and Liara M. Gonzalez
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cell type ,Porcine ,Swine ,General Chemical Engineering ,organoid ,Cell Culture Techniques ,Biology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,ischemia-reperfusion ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,Stem Cell Isolation ,Issue 135 ,In vivo ,Ischemia ,Intestine, Small ,medicine ,enteroid ,Animals ,Humans ,Large intestine ,intestine ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,General Neuroscience ,Stem Cells ,Epithelium ,3. Good health ,Cell biology ,stem cell ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cell culture ,Medicine ,Stem cell ,Ex vivo - Abstract
Intestinal ischemia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in human and veterinary patients. Many disease processes result in intestinal ischemia, when the blood supply and therefore oxygen is decreased to the intestine. This leads to intestinal barrier loss and damage to the underlying tissue. Intestinal stem cells reside at the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn and are responsible for intestinal renewal during homeostasis and following injury. Ex vivo cell culture techniques have allowed for the successful study of epithelial stem cell interactions by establishing culture conditions that support the growth of three-dimensional epithelial organ-like systems (termed "enteroids" and "colonoids" from the small and large intestine, respectively). These enteroids are composed of crypt and villus-like domains and mature to contain all of the cell types found within the epithelium. Historically, murine models have been utilized to study intestinal injury. However, a porcine model offers several advantages including similarity of size as well as gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology to that of humans. By utilizing a porcine model, we establish a protocol in which segmental loops of intestinal ischemia can be created within a single animal, enabling the study of differing time points of ischemic injury and repair in vivo. Additionally, we describe a method to isolate and culture the intestinal stem cells from the ischemic loops of intestine, allowing for the continued study of epithelial repair, modulated by stem cells, ex vivo.
- Published
- 2018