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Receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase D (PTPRD) is a neuronal cell-adhesion molecule/synaptic specifier that has been implicated in addiction vulnerability and stimulant reward by human genomewide association and mouse cocaine-conditioned place-preference data. However, there have been no reports of effects of reduced expression on cocaine self-administration. There have been no reports of PTPRD targeting by any small molecule. There are no data about behavioral effects of any PTPRD ligand. We now report ( i ) robust effects of heterozygous PTPRD KO on cocaine self-administration (These data substantially extend prior conditioned place-preference data and add to the rationale for PTPRD as a target for addiction therapeutics.); ( ii ) identification of 7-butoxy illudalic acid analog (7-BIA) as a small molecule that targets PTPRD and inhibits its phosphatase with some specificity; ( iii ) lack of toxicity when 7-BIA is administered to mice acutely or with repeated dosing; ( iv ) reduced cocaine-conditioned place preference when 7-BIA is administered before conditioning sessions; and ( v ) reductions in well-established cocaine self-administration when 7-BIA is administered before a session (in WT, not PTPRD heterozygous KOs). These results add to support for PTPRD as a target for medications to combat cocaine use disorders. 7-BIA provides a lead compound for addiction therapeutics., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.