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Introduction. The issues of increasing the effectiveness of the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in young children remain extremely relevant. At the same time, insufficient attention is paid to such a socially controlled factor in treatment as the readiness of parents to comply with the recommendations of specialists. Materials and methods. In the course of an observational cross-sectional study, there was made an analysis of medical and social data and the results of a survey of forty eight parents of children under the age of 2 years 11 months who were hospitalized in the Department of Dermatology of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health of the Ministry of Health of Russia with established severe AD. The author’s questionnaire «Attitude of parents of young AD children to recommendations», adapted by M. Rokich’s method «Value Orientations» was used. Results. Despite the declared satisfactory adherence to treatment in more than 70% of cases parents of young AD children (94%) were established to experience one or a number of psychological problems that act as a subjective obstacle to the implementation of pediatrician’s prescriptions: lack of awareness or misinformation in regarding the treatment of the child, the lack of the habit of observing the principles of «healthy» nutrition, emotional and educational difficulties, the weak expression of the priority of «health» in the value system. According to the expert analysis of the answers of parents, a satisfactory readiness to comply with the recommendations was noted in only 11 (23%) cases, poor — in 37 (77%) cases. Conclusion. To improve the effectiveness of treatment of children with severe AD, it is necessary to strengthen the motivation of parents to cooperate with specialists and increase their psychological readiness to follow the recommendations.

The aim is to identify parents’ (legal representatives’) satisfaction with the quality of medical care provided to their disabled children to improve this type of service further. Materials and methods. A sociological survey was conducted of 506 legal representatives of minors (aged from birth to 17 years) with the status of a disabled child. The study design is single-center, non-randomized, uncontrolled. Results. An analysis of the living conditions of a disabled child in the family, the parents’ assessment of his health status, the problems arising in the registration of disability, in the provision of medical and rehabilitation assistance, and issues of medical and social support made it possible to determine the position of this part of the child population in current legal and medical and social conditions. The main problems were the collection of a large number of documents when registering a disability, a long wait for the day of examination, the remoteness of the medical and social examination bureau, the lack of specialist doctors, problems with obtaining subsidized drugs, the lack of consideration of the individual needs of the child when conducting unique rehabilitation programs, the need to apply at the same time to various organizations and departments, violation of rights in the provision of medical services to a disabled child. Conclusion. The obtained information is very significant for further improving the provision of medical and social assistance to disabled children and children with disabilities. The main task today is to develop mechanisms for implementing the declared rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities, the obligations assumed by the State concerning them.

The review presents modern approaches to the treatment and prevention of the benign esophageal stenosis in epidermolysis bullosa (EB) children. There are discussed advantages and disadvantages of such main methods as conservative, intraluminal recanalization, and surgical operations used in the treatment of esophageal strictures in EB patients. The features of anesthesia in BE patients are described. Balloon dilatation of esophageal strictures under endoscopic or fluoroscopic control has been shown to be the optimal method of treating patients. In severe BE children with refractory esophageal stenosis, developmental delay, and nutritional status disorders, to perform hyperalimentation by virtue of the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube is recommended.