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Abstract We provide a descriptive characterization of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in skeletal muscle of human patients with peritoneal sepsis and a sepsis model of C57BL/6J mice. Patients undergoing open surgery were included in a cross-sectional study and blood and skeletal muscle samples were taken. Key markers of the UPR and cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) as surrogate of inflammatory injury were evaluated by real-time PCR and histochemical staining. CD68 mRNA increased with sepsis in skeletal muscle of patients and animals (p

Schumann et al. demonstrate that the loss of a lactate transporter Slc16a13 increases mitochondrial respiration in the liver, which reduces hepatic lipid accumulation while increasing hepatic insulin sensitivity in mice fed a high-fat diet. This study suggests SLC16A13 as a potential target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Fatty liver is one of the major features of metabolic syndrome and its development is associated with deregulation of systemic lipid and glucose homeostasis. Here Heidenreich et al. show that retinol saturase is implicated in hepatic lipid metabolism by regulating the activity of the transcription factor ChREBP.