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During the Last Glacial Maximum, the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone was similar in extent but weaker by about 40% than during the Late Holocene, suggest records of foraminiferal pore density from the Peruvian ocean margin.

Understanding controls on past nitrogen budgets can improve predictions for future global biogeochemical cycling. Here, using foraminiferal pore density and δ13C, the authors present a quantitative record of deglacial nitrate from the intermediate Pacific and infer close coupling between carbon and nitrogen cycles.

Megafaunal extinction in Australia has been attributed to both climate change and human causation. Here, van der Kaarset al. present a 150,000 year record offshore southwest Australia in which they refine the timing and nature of regional ecosystem changes and megafaunal population collapse.