1. The phylogeography and incidence of multi-drug resistant typhoid fever in sub-Saharan Africa
- Author
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Park, SE, Pham, DT, Boinett, C, Wong, VK, Pak, GD, Panzner, U, Espinoza, LMC, Von Kalckreuth, V, Im, J, Schütt-Gerowitt, H, Crump, JA, Breiman, RF, Adu-Sarkodie, Y, Owusu-Dabo, E, Rakotozandrindrainy, R, Soura, AB, Aseffa, A, Gasmelseed, N, Keddy, KH, May, J, Sow, AG, Aaby, P, Biggs, HM, Hertz, JT, Montgomery, JM, Cosmas, L, Olack, B, Fields, B, Sarpong, N, Razafindrabe, TJL, Raminosoa, TM, Kabore, LP, Sampo, E, Teferi, M, Yeshitela, B, Tayeb, MA, Sooka, A, Meyer, CG, Krumkamp, R, Dekker, DM, Jaeger, A, Poppert, S, Tall, A, Niang, A, Bjerregaard-Andersen, M, Løfberg, SV, Seo, HJ, Jeon, HJ, Deerin, JF, Park, J, Konings, F, Ali, M, Clemens, JD, Hughes, P, Sendagala, JN, Vudriko, T, Downing, R, Ikumapayi, UN, Mackenzie, GA, Obaro, S, Argimon, S, Aanensen, DM, Page, A, Keane, JA, Duchene, S, Dyson, Z, Holt, KE, Dougan, G, Marks, F, Baker, S, Park, Se Eun [0000-0002-1632-3045], Aseffa, Abraham [0000-0002-8028-1150], May, Jürgen [0000-0001-7831-8420], Ali, Mohammad [0000-0003-1410-388X], Dyson, Zoe [0000-0002-8887-3492], Holt, Kathryn E [0000-0003-3949-2471], Marks, Florian [0000-0002-6043-7170], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
Genotype ,Science ,Incidence ,Genetic Variation ,Salmonella typhi ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,complex mixtures ,Article ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Phylogeography ,Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ,Salmonella Infections ,parasitic diseases ,Humans ,lcsh:Q ,Typhoid Fever ,lcsh:Science ,Africa South of the Sahara ,Phylogeny - Abstract
There is paucity of data regarding the geographical distribution, incidence, and phylogenetics of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Salmonella Typhi in sub-Saharan Africa. Here we present a phylogenetic reconstruction of whole genome sequenced 249 contemporaneous S. Typhi isolated between 2008-2015 in 11 sub-Saharan African countries, in context of the 2,057 global S. Typhi genomic framework. Despite the broad genetic diversity, the majority of organisms (225/249; 90%) belong to only three genotypes, 4.3.1 (H58) (99/249; 40%), 3.1.1 (97/249; 39%), and 2.3.2 (29/249; 12%). Genotypes 4.3.1 and 3.1.1 are confined within East and West Africa, respectively. MDR phenotype is found in over 50% of organisms restricted within these dominant genotypes. High incidences of MDR S. Typhi are calculated in locations with a high burden of typhoid, specifically in children aged, Typhoid fever is caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi. Here, Park et al. analyse the genomes of 249 S. Typhi isolates from 11 sub-Saharan African countries, identifying genes and plasmids associated with antibiotic resistance and showing that multi-drug resistance is highly pervasive in sub-Saharan Africa.
- Published
- 2018