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Your search keyword '"Jenkins, Kylie"' showing total 3 results
Start Over Author "Jenkins, Kylie" Publisher nature publishing group
3 results on '"Jenkins, Kylie"'

1. Phylogeographical analysis of the dominant multidrug-resistant H58 clade of Salmonella Typhi identifies inter- and intracontinental transmission events

Author

Wong, Vanessa K, Baker, Stephen, Pickard, Derek J, Parkhill, Julian, Page, Andrew J, Feasey, Nicholas A, Kingsley, Robert A, Thomson, Nicholas R, Keane, Jacqueline A, Weill, François-Xavier, Edwards, David J, Hawkey, Jane, Harris, Simon R, Mather, Alison E, Cain, Amy K, Hadfield, James, Hart, Peter J, Thieu, Nga Tran Vu, Klemm, Elizabeth J, Glinos, Dafni A, Breiman, Robert F, Watson, Conall H, Kariuki, Samuel, Gordon, Melita A, Heyderman, Robert S, Okoro, Chinyere, Jacobs, Jan, Lunguya, Octavie, Edmunds, W John, Msefula, Chisomo, Chabalgoity, Jose A, Kama, Mike, Jenkins, Kylie, Dutta, Shanta, Marks, Florian, Campos, Josefina, Thompson, Corinne, Obaro, Stephen, MacLennan, Calman A, Dolecek, Christiane, Keddy, Karen H, Smith, Anthony M, Parry, Christopher M, Karkey, Abhilasha, Mulholland, E Kim, Campbell, James I, Dongol, Sabina, Basnyat, Buddha, Dufour, Muriel, Bandaranayake, Don, Naseri, Take Toleafoa, Singh, Shalini Pravin, Hatta, Mochammad, Newton, Paul, Onsare, Robert S, Isaia, Lupeoletalalei, Dance, David, Davong, Viengmon, Thwaites, Guy, Wijedoru, Lalith, Crump, John A, De Pinna, Elizabeth, Nair, Satheesh, Nilles, Eric J, Thanh, Duy Pham, Turner, Paul, Soeng, Sona, Valcanis, Mary, Powling, Joan, Dimovski, Karolina, Hogg, Geoff, Farrar, Jeremy, Holt, Kathryn E, and Dougan, Gordon

Subjects
Phylogeography, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Molecular Sequence Data, Quinolines, Humans, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Salmonella typhi, Typhoid Fever, Genome, Bacterial, Phylogeny, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents
Abstract

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) typhoid is a major global health threat affecting many countries where the disease is endemic. Here whole-genome sequence analysis of 1,832 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) identifies a single dominant MDR lineage, H58, that has emerged and spread throughout Asia and Africa over the last 30 years. Our analysis identifies numerous transmissions of H58, including multiple transfers from Asia to Africa and an ongoing, unrecognized MDR epidemic within Africa itself. Notably, our analysis indicates that H58 lineages are displacing antibiotic-sensitive isolates, transforming the global population structure of this pathogen. H58 isolates can harbor a complex MDR element residing either on transmissible IncHI1 plasmids or within multiple chromosomal integration sites. We also identify new mutations that define the H58 lineage. This phylogeographical analysis provides a framework to facilitate global management of MDR typhoid and is applicable to similar MDR lineages emerging in other bacterial species.

2. Epidemiology of intussusception before and after rotavirus vaccine introduction in Fiji.

Author

Ratu FT, Reyburn R, Tuivaga E, Tuiketei A, Jenkins K, Mulholland K, Jenney A, and Russell F

Subjects
Child, Preschool, Female, Fiji epidemiology, Hospitalization, Humans, Infant, Intussusception prevention & control, Intussusception virology, Retrospective Studies, Rotavirus Infections prevention & control, Rotavirus Infections virology, Vaccination methods, Vaccines, Attenuated therapeutic use, Intussusception epidemiology, Rotavirus Infections epidemiology, Rotavirus Vaccines therapeutic use
Abstract

In 2012, Fiji introduced rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix, GSK) into the national immunisation schedule. We describe the intussusception epidemiology prior to rotavirus vaccine, temporal association of intussusception cases to administration of rotavirus vaccine, and estimate the additional number of intussusception cases that may be associated with rotavirus vaccine. A retrospective review of intussusception cases for children aged <24 months old was undertaken between January 2007 and October 2012 pre-vaccine. All admissions and deaths with a discharge diagnosis of intussusception, bowel obstruction, paralytic ileus, or intussusception ICD10-AM codes were extracted from national databases and hospital records. Nationwide active intussusception surveillance was established for three years post-vaccine (2013-2015). There were 24 definite intussusception cases in the pre-rotavirus vaccine period, 96% were confirmed by surgery. The median age was 6.5 months. The incidence rate was 22.2 (95% CI: 13.9-33.7) per 100,000 infants. There were no deaths. Active surveillance identified 25 definite intussusception cases, 96% of which were among children who were age-eligible for rotavirus vaccine. None were potentially vaccine related. We estimated one to five additional  cases of intussusception every five years. The incidence of intussusception pre-rotavirus vaccine in Fiji is low. Intussusception associated with rotavirus vaccine is likely a rare event in Fiji.

Published
2018
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3. Real-time qPCR improves meningitis pathogen detection in invasive bacterial-vaccine preventable disease surveillance in Fiji.

Author

Dunne EM, Mantanitobua S, Singh SP, Reyburn R, Tuivaga E, Rafai E, Tikoduadua L, Porter B, Satzke C, Strachan JE, Fox KK, Jenkins KM, Jenney A, Baro S, Mulholland EK, Kama M, and Russell FM

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Bacterial Vaccines therapeutic use, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Fiji, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Haemophilus influenzae genetics, Meningitis, Bacterial diagnosis, Meningitis, Bacterial genetics, Meningitis, Bacterial microbiology, Meningitis, Bacterial prevention & control, Neisseria meningitidis genetics, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Streptococcus pneumoniae genetics
Abstract

As part of the World Health Organization Invasive Bacterial-Vaccine Preventable Diseases (IB-VPD) surveillance in Suva, Fiji, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from suspected meningitis patients of all ages were examined by traditional methods (culture, Gram stain, and latex agglutination for bacterial antigen) and qPCR for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Of 266 samples tested, pathogens were identified in 47 (17.7%). S. pneumoniae was the most common pathogen detected (n = 17) followed by N. meningitidis (n = 13). The use of qPCR significantly increased detection of IB-VPD pathogens (P = 0.0001): of 35 samples that were qPCR positive for S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, and H. influenzae, only 10 were culture positive. This was particularly relevant for N. meningitidis, as only 1/13 cases was culture positive. Molecular serotyping by microarray was used to determine pneumococcal serotypes from 9 of 16 (56%) of samples using DNA directly extracted from CSF specimens. Results indicate that qPCR significantly increases detection of S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, and H. influenzae in CSF, and that application of molecular diagnostics is a feasible way to enhance local and global surveillance for IB-VPD.

Published
2016
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