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Your search keyword '"subcutaneous adipose-tissue"' showing total 2 results
Start Over Descriptor "subcutaneous adipose-tissue" Publisher nature publishing group
2 results on '"subcutaneous adipose-tissue"'

1. No evidence of white adipocyte browning after endurance exercise training in obese men

Author

Andrew L. Carey, Thomas Tsiloulis, Ruth C. R. Meex, Jacqueline Bayliss, Benedict J. Canny, Matthew J. Watt, Humane Biologie, and RS: NUTRIM - R1 - Obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular health

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Adipocytes, White, Population, BIOMARKERS, Abdominal Fat, Subcutaneous Fat, Medicine (miscellaneous), Adipose tissue, THERMOGENESIS, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, DISTINCT, White adipose tissue, BEIGE ADIPOCYTES, ADULT HUMANS, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endurance training, Adipocyte, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Obesity, CELL, Exercise physiology, education, POPULATION, GENE-EXPRESSION, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Endurance Training, MicroRNAs, Adipocytes, Brown, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, Adipogenesis, FAT, SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE-TISSUE, business, Thermogenesis
Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The phenomenon of adipocyte 'beiging' involves the conversion of non-classic brown adipocytes to brown-like adipose tissue with thermogenic, fat-burning properties, and this phenomenon has been shown in rodents to slow the progression of obesity-associated metabolic diseases. Rodent studies consistently report adipocyte beiging after endurance exercise training, indicating that increased thermogenic capacity in these adipocytes may underpin the improved health benefits of exercise training. The aim of this study was to determine whether prolonged endurance exercise training induces beige adipogenesis in subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese men.SUBJECTS/METHODS: Molecular markers of beiging were examined in adipocytes obtained from abdominal subcutaneous (AbSC) and gluteofemoral (GF) subcutaneous adipose tissues before and after 6 weeks of endurance exercise training in obese men (n=6, 37.3 +/- 2.3 years, 30.1 +/- 2.3 kg m(-2)).RESULTS: The mRNAs encoding the brown or beige adipocyte-selective proteins were very lowly expressed in AbSC and GF adipose tissues and exercise training did not alter the mRNA expression of UCP1, CD137, CITED, TBX1, LHX8 and TCF21. Using immunohistochemistry, neither multilocular adipocytes, nor UCP1 or CD137-positive adipocytes were detected in any sample. MicroRNAs known to regulate brown and/or beige adipose development were highly expressed in white adipocytes but endurance exercise training did not impact their expression.CONCLUSIONS: The present study reaffirms emerging data in humans demonstrating no evidence of white adipose tissue beiging in response to exercise training, and supports a growing body of work demonstrating divergence of brown/beige adipose location, molecular characterization and physiological function between rodents and humans.

Published
2018

2. Weight-related differences in glucose metabolism and free fatty acid production in two South African population groups

Author

Punyadeera, C., van der Merwe, M.T., Crowther, N.J., Toman, M., Immelman, A.R., Schlaphoff, G.P., Gray, I.P., Punyadeera, C., van der Merwe, M.T., Crowther, N.J., Toman, M., Immelman, A.R., Schlaphoff, G.P., and Gray, I.P.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE The effects of free fatty acids (FFA), leptin, tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and body fat distribution on in vivo oxidation of a glucose load were studied in two South African ethnic groups. DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS Anthropometric and various metabolic indices were measured at fasting and during a 7h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis and subcutaneous and visceral fat mass was assessed using a five- and two-level CT-scan respectively. Glucose oxidation was evaluated by measuring the ratio of (13)CO(2) to (12)CO(2) in breath following ingestion of 1-(13)C-labelled glucose. SUBJECTS Ten lean black women (LBW), ten obese black women (OBW), nine lean white women (LWW) and nine obese white women (OWW) were investigated after an overnight fast. RESULTS Visceral fat levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in obese white than black women, despite similar body mass indexes (BMIs). There were no ethnic differences in glucose oxidation however; in the lean subjects of both ethnic groups the area under the curve (AUC) was higher than in obese subjects (P < 0.05 for both) and was found to correlate negatively with weight (r = -0.69, P < 0.01) after correcting for age. Basal TNF alpha concentrations were similar in all groups. Percentage suppression of FFAs at 30 min of the OCTT was 24 +/- 12% in OWW and - 38 +/- 23% (P < 0.05) in OBW, ie the 30 min FFA level was higher than the fasting level in the latter group. AUC for FFAs during the late postprandial period (120 - 420 min) was significantly higher in OWW than OBW (P < 0.01) and LWW (P < 0.01) and correlated positively with visceral fat mass independent of age (r = 0.78, P < 0.05) in the OWW only. Leptin levels were higher (P < 0.01) both at fasting and during the course of the OCTT in obese women from both ethnic groups compared to the lean women. CONCLUSIONS Glucose oxidation is reduced in obese subjects of both ethnic groups; inter- and

Published
2001

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