1. Possible role of highly activated mucosal NK cells against viral respiratory infections in children undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
- Author
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Inmaculada Casas, Yasmina Mozo, María Elena Vela, Dolores Corral, David Bueno, Jaime Valentín, Ana Méndez-Echevarría, Francisco del Pozo, Teresa Del Rosal, F. Reinoso-Barbero, Cristina Calvo, Antonio Pérez-Martínez, UAM. Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia, UAM. Departamento de Pediatría, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Unión Europea. Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER/ERDF)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Medicina ,lcsh:Medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,Haematopoietic stem ,Article ,Flow cytometry ,Immunophenotyping ,Paediatric cancer ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,Immunity ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,lcsh:Science ,Child ,Immunity, Mucosal ,Respiratory Tract Infections ,Children ,Multidisciplinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ,Flow Cytometry ,Cell transplantation (HSCT) ,Transplantation ,Killer Cells, Natural ,Mucosal NK cells ,Haematopoiesis ,Nasal Mucosa ,030104 developmental biology ,surgical procedures, operative ,Viral infection ,Immunology ,lcsh:Q ,Female ,Rhinovirus ,Stem cell ,business ,Infection ,030215 immunology - Abstract
Infection is the leading cause of non-relapse-related mortality after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Altered functions of immune cells in nasal secretions may influence post HSCT susceptibility to viral respiratory infections. In this prospective study, we determined T and NK cell numbers together with NK activation status in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) in HSCT recipients and healthy controls using multiparametric flow cytometry. We also determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) the presence of 16 respiratory viruses. Samples were collected pre-HSCT, at day 0, +10, +20 and +30 after HSCT. Peripheral blood (PB) was also analyzed to determine T and NK cell numbers. A total of 27 pediatric HSCT recipients were enrolled and 16 of them had at least one viral detection (60%). Rhinovirus was the most frequent pathogen (84% of positive NPAs). NPAs of patients contained fewer T and NK cells compared to healthy controls (p = 0.0132 and p = 0.120, respectively). Viral PCR + patients showed higher NK cell number in their NPAs. The activating receptors repertoire expressed by NK cells was also higher in NPA samples, especially NKp44 and NKp46. Our study supports NK cells relevance for the immune defense against respiratory viruses in HSCT recipients, This work was supported in part by the National Health Service of Spain, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), FONDOS FEDER grant (FIS) PI18/01301, CRIS Foundation to Beat Cancer, Patients’ Support Associations Fundación Mari Paz Jiménez Casado and La Sonrisa de Álex and a Small Grant Award from the European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases
- Published
- 2019