Search

Digital media can provide an important contribution to the development of local communities by creating digital environments that facilitate the sharing of information, dissemination of knowledge and construction of organizational learning. Digital media can also promote interaction and collaboration processes among different regional agents, fostering a continuous flow of territorial based innovation. The study reported in this paper was carried out within the research activities of the (REMOVED) project, aiming to deepen the knowledge about the conditions that influence the dynamics of community-led territorial based innovation in the Centro Region of Portugal, focusing on the areas of Tourism, Health, and Wellness. As part of this project, a mobile application is being designed, aiming to strengthen the relationship among agents of local communities/entities and to promote mediation mechanisms among all stakeholders in the process of territorial based innovation. This paper presents the main concepts underlying the development of the REMOVED digital platform and the outcomes from a usability evaluation of the platform mobile app prototype. The first section discusses the most relevant topics that this paper covers. In the second section, an overview of the state of the art in the field of digital media used to promote territory-based innovation is presented. The third section describes the concept of the REMOVED digital platform and the main features of the prototype/mobile app. The fourth section addresses the methodology adopted for the evaluation of the prototype and the fifth exhibits the main outcomes of this process. Finally, the sixth and final section present the main conclusions about the potential of the REMOVED platform, and current and future research activities.

Instagram has become an important tool to contact the audiences both in commercial and political communication. Of special interest is the use of this social network by politicians, who can use the image to portray a humanized version of themselves: it is not the candidate but the person who is talking to citizens through impacting images posted on their personal profiles. The present study posits that Instagram is a key tool for self-representation. This paper offers a specific study about the use of Instagram by the five main candidates in the Spanish general elections in 2019. The main aim of this paper is to study if the Spanish candidates showed themselves on Instagram in a more humanized way during the electoral campaign. Departing from Goffman’s theory about the presentation of the self, a content analysis has been carried out as methodology, where Goffman’s concepts have been operationalized. The analysis was applied to a total of 473 Instagram posts, covering both a pre-election period and an election period. Results show that Spanish candidates tend to show themselves as professional politicians, but some candidates of new parties increment their humanization in the elections period.

Ideology and political ideologies in general have been addressed both from theoretical and applied perspectives by media and communication scholars in an attempt to reveal whether pluralism is present or absent in the media. However, the complexity of such a task has proven to be high as well as very problematic. The efforts to systematise the study of ideology in the media in order to make it objective and systematic have been scarce. This paper tries to contribute to such systematising by providing a method to analyse political ideologies in the media that aims to be objective and replicable in the political context of Western democracies. Our work was inspired by previous studies that were mostly conducted in the field of political sciences and political communication. The main goal of this paper is to reach a deeper comprehension of ideology, in general, and political ideology in particular, and to conceptualise a method that aims to be instrumental in the analysis of the media from the viewpoint of political ideologies but without being restricted by traditional labels that may reproduce cultural biases. The theoretical-analytical method here suggested addresses ideologies in newspapers to identify worldviews according to four general values: individualism, communitarianism, egalitarianism and elitism.

Este artículo pretende introducir al lector en una serie de elementos y, en el necesario, cambio de paradigma de la Comunicación. Su apuesta no es otra que servir de reflexión, para señalar que el mundo cambió y que la Comunicación lo hizo y lo hará. Los públicos y sus audiencias tienen la palabra; son el sentido y constituyen la razón de ser del mensaje. Este artículo recoge los resultados de dos investigaciones, realizadas en momentos distintos y con públicos y actores diferentes, bajo la aplicación de metodologías de análisis que apelaron al método ecléctico. Entre algunos de los hallazgos de estas investigaciones, se encuentran que la Comunicación cambió y lo hizo, debido a la incursión de nuevas pantallas, que son medios, y a nuevos actores, que somos ahora celebrities ciudadanas. El siglo XXI llegó con cambios que nos obligan a cambiar nuestros viejos paradigmas. Los nuevos sujetos actúan y conviven en el ciberespacio; seleccionan sus propios medios y desarrollan sus propios contenidos. La realidad no es que sea virtual, sino que es una realidad enriquecida por las nuevas pantallas (nuevos medios). This paper introduces some of the main elements that configure a paradigm shift in Communication, with the aim of providing a reflection on the ever-changing nature of both the World and our discipline. This is the time for publics and audiences; they embody the message´s sense and its raison d´être. The present paper collects the results of two different research studies conducted at different times and with diverse actors and audiences, applying the eclectic method. Some of these findings are as follows: communication has changed due to the appearance of new screens (media) and new actors, who have now become “citizen celebrities”. The Twenty First Century has arrived, bringing with it changes to our old paradigms. The new subjects act and live together in cyberspace; they select their own media and develop their own content. Reality is not really virtual, but it is enriched by these new screens (new media).

Framing empirical research analyzes the construction (frame building) and influence (frame effects) of the frames with which different social agents interpret and communicate reality. Based on Entman’s (2004; 2008) and Kuypers’ (2008; 2009) contributions, this paper proposes and applies a qualitative methodology for the analysis of frame building in political discourse. It is located, therefore, on the strategic and methodological lines of framing research in political communication (Bartolomé; Rodríguez & Sádaba, 2012). As Kinder and Sanders state, frames are “invented and employed by political elites, often with an eye on advancing their own interests or ideologies, and intended to make favorable interpretations prevail” (Kinder & Sanders, 1990, p. 74). The paper includes a theoretical framework that reviews the evolution of framing literature in Communication, focusing especially on empirical studies. The contributions adopted for the elaboration of the methodology and the application process are explained in detail. The context of the case study, Bush’s discourse about the War on Terror on his trip to Europe in February 2005, is revised. Finally, the results obtained and the conclusions are detailed.

As images become more and more omnipresent our relation to them assumes new contours. Contemporary social networks place a singular emphasis in the optic apparatus challenging traditional networked media studies to take into account new objects and social processes. This paper aims to bring contributions from visual culture studies into the research about social networks audiences and the relations they establish with the medium and with its users. It will argue that scopophilia may be a dear concept to evaluate how people socially interact in social networks. This scopophilic dimension transforms users into spectators. Spectatorship is, then, a fundamental notion, not only to understand the social role of pictures and videos on social networks as also to understand how social networks contribute to the promotion of social organization and cohesion. The paper will discuss how scopophilia and spectatorship lead to the formation of communities of vision and the redefinition of intimacy in contemporary societies.

Digital technologies are transforming audiences and media practices and in a context of serialization this paper wants to make the case for television series as much of the attention from the industry and the academy is drawn by music and cinema neglecting the effects on television viewing. Lawrence Lessig has proposed "remix" as one of the main outcomes of social and cultural practices enabled by new technologies that allow for easy production and sharing. Henry Jenkins talks of a "convergence culture" and many other authors refer a participatory turn. But this surge of creativity and participation poses new challenges to the industry and to the study of audiences. With the surge of transmediality and new platforms such as mobile phones and tablets, as well as enabling tools for massified DYI, the experience of television series consumption has been completely changed. This is particularly notable in youth audiences where television is still pervasive but networked media practices are gaining ground, namely a serialized participation culture characterized by immediacy, anticipation, control, emotional affordance and freedom. Based in a mixed methodology, composed of a quantitative online survey and a qualitative focus group approach, this paper will offer a case study of Portuguese College students’ serialized participatory culture regarding television series.

El estudio de los asuntos públicos que adquieren relevancia mediática gracias a su difusión a través de los medios plantea una problemática que debe ser abordada desde una perspectiva científica multidisciplinar. El presente trabajo analiza algunos de los conceptos clave que protagonizaron la campaña presidencial de Le Pen y Macron durante las elecciones de Francia en 2017, prestando especial interés a la detección de falacias y a los giros argumentativos. El abordaje metodológico del estudio de casos se lleva a cabo a través de la aplicación de una perspectiva interdisciplinar fundamentada en el análisis de algunos de los argumentos y/o falacias más comunes en la estrategia mediática de Macron y Le Pen durante las elecciones presidenciales en Francia. Para ello se ha seleccionado tres noticias publicadas por medios españoles de referencia tanto nativos digitales, eldiario.es y elconfidencial.com, como diarios nacionales consolidados, es el caso de La Razón, acerca de cada uno de los candidatos. Los resultados nos permiten identificar algunas de las pautas discursivas comunes a la estrategia de comunicación política en Francia, y desentrañar el uso de algunas de las falacias más frecuentes que son compartidas por ambos candidatos. The study of public issues that become prominent as a result of their dissemination in the media poses a problem that should be addressed from a multidisciplinary scientific perspective. This paper examines some of the key concepts that played a significant role in Le Pen’s and Macron’s political campaigns during the 2017 French presidential election, and focuses on the detection of fallacies and turns of argument. The methodological approach of the study applies an interdisciplinary perspective to the study of some of the most common arguments and/or fallacies used in Macron’s and Le Pen’s media strategies during the election. In order to do so, three pieces of news about each candidate have been selected to be published with regard to Spanish native media, such us eldiario.es and elconfidencial.com, as well as national newspapers such as La Razón. The results allow us to identify some of the discursive guidelines that are common to political communication strategies in France, and to uncover the use of some of the most frequent fallacies shared by both candidates.

Este artículo se encuentra disponible a texto completo en la siguiente URL: http://obs.obercom.pt/index.php/obs/article/view/1516/pdf This paper presents the main findings of a qualitative study of news on femicides appearing in leading native digital news outlets in Spain. The study focused on 267 news items published in five digital news outlets between 1 January and 31 December 2017. The selection of the news outlets was based on their readership numbers and whether or not their editorial lines adopted a gender or feminist perspective. In order to assess ethical quality, the tool designed by Zurbano-Berenguer and García-Gordillo (2017) was used. Based on this tool, the results indicate the following: (1) news about femicides is of medium quality; (2) native digital news outlets with a gender perspective offer better and higher quality coverage; and (3) the extent to which ethical recommendations are followed is still very patchy, thus calling for more in-depth multi-methodological analyses. These findings allow us to conclude that there is a need to conduct further qualitative research involving media professionals that helps us to understand why, despite the clear recommendations and rules established in media ethical codes, there are still considerable deficiencies in ethical quality and sensitivity when reporting on such a key issue for democratic society.

Estudo sobre o uso da televisão pelo parlamento brasileiro, com base no exame da política de programação da TV Câmara, de 2010 a 2016. A pesquisa identifica quatro estratégias que a emissora emprega para ampliar as possibilidades de divulgação política: a transmissão ao vivo das sessões legislativas; a divulgação de informações políticas no formato de telejornal; a realização de debates e de entrevistas; e a produção de programas históricos, culturais e documentários. O artigo avalia os conteúdos sob a perspectiva dos mediamakers, dos parlamentares e do público. Mostra que os mediamakers defendem que a programação da emissora deve ser instrumento de promoção da transparência das atividades legislativas, do debate público e da cultura nacional. Já os deputados reivindicam maior atenção às suas atividades, inclusive bases eleitorais, enquanto o público destaca a função de monitoramento das atividades legislativas. This paper analyzes the use of television by the Brazilian parliament, based on the examination of the programming policy of TV Câmara, the channel maintained by the Chamber of Deputies (2010-2016). The research identifies four strategies the channel uses to broaden the possibilities of political dissemination: live transmission of the legislative sessions; news shows; debates and interviews; cultural and documentary programs. This article examines the evaluation of the content from the perspective of mediamakers, members of Congress and the public. Mediamakers defend the TV schedule as an instrument of transparency of legislative activities, promotion of public debate and national culture. Members demand more attention to their activities, including in their electoral bases, while the public highlights the function of monitoring legislative activities.

This paper analyzes the consumers in the context of non-professional subtitling (NPS). Using web scraping techniques to collect data about the downloading rate of non-professional subtitles we explore the behavior of consumers. Drawing on the case of the subtitles for House of Cards in Addic7ed.com, a popular multilingual non-professional subtitle distribution website, we describe the consumption of non-professional subtitles and the users’ response. After outlining the situation of the international audiences for audiovisual products and the relevance of consumers as the driving force behind NPS communities, we analyze the collected data in terms of their interest in the originality of the content and their wish to access the content immediately after it is available. Our findings indicate that the users of non-professional subtitles are highly engaged consumers, eager to access the content as soon as possible and interested in watching it in its original language (English), even with intralingual (same-language) subtitles.

El objeto de este trabajo es analizar los aspectos visuales de los perfiles oficiales en Twitter de los principales candidatos a las elecciones generales de España de 2015. Para ello se emplea una metodología cualitativa a través de un sistema de categorías aplicado a la muestra del estudio, conformada por 527 imágenes. Esta investigación concluye que la gestión de las imágenes realizada por los perfiles de los principales candidatos políticos, que concurren a las elecciones generales, se centra sobre todo en la propia figura del político, dejando a un lado aspectos fundamentales como la exposición de propuestas y nuevas iniciativas para la ciudadanía. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the visual aspects of the official profiles on Twitter of the main candidates for the Spanish general election of 2015. For this purpose, a qualitative methodology is used through a category system applied to the study sample, which is composed of 527 images. This research concludes that the management of the images made by the profiles of the main political candidates, who attend the general elections, focuses especially on the figure of the politician, leaving aside fundamental aspects such as the presentation of proposals and new initiatives for citizenship.

This paper presents an overview of how social media is used by Brazilian autism communities, aiming at including the perspectives of the Global South into discussions surrounding the topic, which are mostly focusing on English speaking groups. The results are based on a digital ethnography conducted in three Facebook groups about autism. We observed that groups composed by parents looking for information and social support are predominant in Brazilian social media. Autistic people also engage in information gathering and the exchange of personal experiences, mainly the ones with Asperger Syndrome. Additionally, we saw that Facebook offers enough affordances to allow the participation of people with different levels of digital literacy. However, there is still a lack of representation from autistic people who have more challenges, such as non-verbal individuals, which may be a consequence of the digital divide, not only in terms of economical means, but also education and inclusion.

Local dynamics play a key role in individual and collective empowerment for digital literacy and citizenship. This paper presents the results and reflections from a broader investigation into the public Internet access places in Portugal in the inland municipalities of the country's coast, undertaken by ObLID Network. Specifically, we intend to reflect on the actual mission of these places and reveal the actual profile, activities and training needs of their monitors and coordinators. In the first stage of the empirical study, several documents available on the Internet Spaces Network are analyzed. In the second stage, a questionnaire was applied to monitors and coordinators of the Internet access places, in seventeen Portuguese municipalities. The research results warn of the need to redefine and clarify the social and educational value of Internet spaces, indicating that the dominant activities of monitors in the Internet access places do not induce the foster of literacy and digital inclusion of the most vulnerable groups. In this context, actions are proposed that can contribute to improving the mission of Internet places, as well as the training quality of their monitors and coordinators. Internet Access Spaces, made available by municipalities, should be used to promote digital literacy programs, for individuals and groups. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

La producción de contenidos de calidad, de proximidad y especializados es una de las vías principales para la supervivencia del periodismo en la actualidad. En este sentido, la especialización aporta un valor añadido ya que enlaza directamente con los intereses de la sociedad. La presente investigación se centra en un tema de interés creciente como es la gastronomía y el periodismo gastronómico. Aunque la televisión e Internet han jugado un rol primordial en la mediatización del fenómeno gastronómico, la prensa diaria sigue desempeñando una función clave en su popularización. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los contenidos de cuatro de los principales medios españoles – El Mundo, El País, El Periódico y La Vanguardia, en el período 2005-2015 – para analizar los géneros que engloban la presencia del periodismo gastronómico; determinar las secciones a través de las cuales se expresan las narrativas sobre gastronomía en la prensa diaria; y categorizar las principales temáticas tratadas. Para llevar a cabo el estudio se ha utilizado la herramienta de análisis de contenido. Los resultados revelan que los espacios que sirven para la mediatización de la gastronomía son cada vez más específicos y disponen de mayor personalidad propia. La gastronomía deja de ser una disciplina para minorías y los medios contribuyen a una popularización del arte del comer. Los contenidos gastronómicos son atractivos para una audiencia cada vez más sensibilizada por una gran diversidad de aspectos como una alimentación sana o el turismo sostenible. The production of quality, proximity and specialized contents is one of the main pathways for the survival of journalism. In this sense, specialization means an added value since it directly links to social interests. The current paper focuses on a field of growing interest such as gastronomy and food journalism. While television and the Internet have played a key role in the mediatisation of the gastronomy phenomenon, daily press still plays a crucial role in its popularization. The goal of this research is to review the food contents of the main Spanish newspapers – El Mundo, El País, El Periódico and La Vanguardia, during the period 2005-2015 –, in order to analyse the genres of food-based contents; to determine the sections that gather the narratives on gastronomy; and to categorize the topics developed. A content analysis approach is used as research method. Results reveal that food contents are found within different and specific spaces, and thus they count recently on a greater independency. Gastronomy is not anymore a minor field and media heavily contributes to the popularisation of the art of eating. Food-based contents are attractive for an audience who increasingly worries about a wide range of aspects like healthy diets or sustainable tourism practices.

En este artículo exploraremos las principales tendencias analíticas de la investigación sobre videojuegos en América Latina y España. Para ello presentaremos tres vías de análisis de los videojuegos cuya presencia es indudable en nuestro contexto regional e idiomático. Primero nos abocaremos a los intentos de definición de los juegos digitales desde aquellos estudios que hacen hincapié en su carácter narrativo hasta los que subrayan sus componentes interactivos. En un segundo momento, rotaremos el eje de análisis para comprender la centralidad en el contexto elegido de las aproximaciones sobre videojuegos que indagan su relación con la educación y el aprendizaje. Por último, nos concentraremos en las investigaciones que ven a los videojuegos como problemas para las teorías sociales. En el último apartado señalaremos cuánto pueden ayudar estos múltiples aportes de diversas tradiciones teóricas para pensar nuevos problemas (como los que se desprenden de las actuales condiciones de producción de videojuegos en la región delimitada). This paper approaches the main analytical trends in video game research in Latin America and Spain. To achieve such aim, three paths are followed analyzing video games, which are undoubtedly present in our regional and idiomatic context. Firstly, the attempts to define digital games ̶ starting from those studies highlighting their narrative nature to those which underscore their interactive components ̶ are addressed. Secondly, attention is turned to understanding the core issue of the approaches linking video games with education and learning in the chosen context. Finally, this study focuses on research which regards video games as problems in the field of social theories. The last section points out how much these multiple inputs from diverse theoretical traditions may contribute to the creation of new problems, as those arising from the current conditions of video game production in the region chosen.

O Programa Mais Médicos foi instituído, no Brasil, em 2013. Desde então, tem recebido especial atenção da mídia em decorrência de suas inovações no campo da atenção à saúde, mas também pelo fato de incluir médicos provenientes de outros países para atuarem aqui. O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender o estado da arte do conhecimento produzido academicamente sobre a relação da mídia com o Programa Mais Médicos. Utiliza a revisão narrativa como metodologia e se divide em duas partes: a primeira, de caráter histórico e, a segunda, reservada a indicar as análises acadêmicas sobre a produção midiática relativa ao Programa. Identifica um volume ainda modesto de pesquisas sobre este tema e que os resultados conhecidos se referem prioritariamente ao período de anúncio, lançamento e início da execução do Programa. Conclui que as pesquisas realizadas já permitem indicar ao menos três elementos importantes que caracterizam a cobertura da imprensa brasileira acerca do Mais Médicos: o viés político, a polarização das opiniões inicialmente veiculadas e o princípio do que se pode considerar uma mudança de enfoque, a partir do momento em que pesquisas de opinião revelam a aprovação popular do programa. The More Doctors Program was established in Brazil in 2013. Since then, it has received special attention of mass media due to its innovations in the field of health care, but also because it includes doctors from other countries to work here. The objective of this work is to know the current understanding of the academic knowledge about the media's relationship with the More Doctors Program. Uses narrative review as methodology and is divided into two parts: the first, about the history and, the second, reserved to indicate academic analyzes of the media production about the Program. We identified a still small number of papers about this topic and the results that are known refeer prioritily at the anouncement time lapse, launch period and execution of More Doctors. Concludes that it is still modest the volume of research on this topic and the results are known primarily refer to the announcement period, launch and early implementation of the Program.

Social Networking Sites (SNS) and Instant Messaging (IM) applications have become very popular in the last decade. This article aims to investigate to what extent university students make use of SNS and IM in relation with learning and university-related work. In order to do so, a survey was conducted among 115 university students. Results show that answering surveys posted by other students (for their university work), being part of groups created for doing university work or studying and sharing university-related links are some of the education-related activities that students most perform on Facebook. Alongside Facebook, WhatsApp, YouTube and LinkedIn are the most popular SNS or IM applications when it comes to studying, doing and organizing university-related work. Some differences among male and female students can be inferred from the data though, although it was not the aim of this study to explore such differences and further research would be needed. The paper concludes that university students make good and ample use of SNS and IM applications for education-related purposes and a recommendation for lecturers to adopt these tools is made.

This paper addresses the role of open data in the development of civic technologies in Spain. We have analysed organisations that are using technology as a tool to improve transparency, democracy and citizen participation in public matters. During this research we run through the evolution of the use of technologies by civil society in Spain, we define the concept of civic technologies and propose a set of typologies, paying special attention to the source of data, with the final aim of knowing how often public open data has been used. We conclude by highlighting the need to increase the communication between public and private institutions and the organisations that use data in favour of providing useful information and making easier the development of civic technologies.

The political thematic and the fiction on TV: a reflexion based on the miniserie O Brado Retumbante. The proposal of this work paper is to study the presence of the political thematic in television fictional works, with the application of semiotic concepts in the analysis of narrative threads and also in the construction of the image of Brazilian politicians through the use of characters that integrate a plot. In order to discuss these questions, it has been selected a television miniseries O Brado Retumbante presented by Rede Globo in 2012. This has been evaluated how this TV production incorporated political facts and subjects of great repercussion, as elections, corruption and political agreements,which are part of the recent story of the country, mixing fiction and reality in the narrative. A proposta deste trabalho é estudar a temática política nas obras ficcionais televisivas, a partir da aplicação de conceitos semióticos da análise dos percursos narrativos e também da construção da imagem dos políticos brasileiros por meio dos personagens que integram uma trama. Para discutir estas questões, a série televisiva selecionada foi a minissérie O Brado Retumbante, exibida pela Globo em 2012. Avaliamos como esta produção incorporou fatos políticos e assuntos de grande repercussão, como eleições, corrupção e acordos políticos, que fazem parte da recente história do país, mesclando ficção e realidade na narrativa.

Este artículo presenta la viabilidad de articular la comunicación corporativa de las empresas biotecnológicas en torno a un ejercicio básico: nutrir su Responsabilidad Social Corporativa con actuaciones de divulgación científica. Tales intervenciones contribuirían, no solo a mejorar el conocimiento científico de la sociedad y a que sus opiniones sobre los ámbitos de aplicación de la biotecnología estén fundados, sino también, a dialogar sobre estos y otros asuntos con la ciudadanía, en especial la más cercana. Pero tal implementación precisaría, en primer lugar, que la empresa perciba a sus vecinos como público de interés. De ahí que esta investigación parta del análisis de la comunicación externa de este tipo de empresas. Nuestra muestra la constituyen las 32 pymes biotecnológicas asentadas en cuatro parques tecnológicos de Andalucía. Los resultados de ese trabajo muestran que la divulgación científica tiene una presencia casi nula en sus sitios web y apenas se alude en ellos a alguna actuación de RSC; además, su aparición en los periódicos locales es escasa y se liga a aspectos estrictamente empresariales. Sin embargo, una encuesta a la que han contestado los gestores de esas firmas nos descubre que una amplia mayoría están dispuestos a aumentar los vínculos con su entorno., This paper discusses the feasibility of joint Corporate Communication of biotech companies around a basic exercise: nourish its Corporate Social Responsibility activities in Science Communication. Such interventions would help not only to improve the scientific understanding of society and that their views on the areas of application of biotechnology are founded but also to discuss these and other issues with the public, especially the closest. But such implementation would require, first, that the company perceives its neighbors as public interest. Hence, this research starts from the analysis of the external communication of these businesses. Our sample are the 32 biotech SMEs settled in four techn ology parks in Andalusia. The results of this work show that disclosure has almost no presence on their websites and hardly aware of them of any action of CSR;also appeared in local newspapers is scarce and is linked to strictly business aspects. However, a survey of the managers of these firms reveals that the vast majority are ready to expand ties with their environment.

Este artículo pretende mostrar cómo las redes sociales están afectando a las estructuras tradicionales de poder en México, considerado como un país de gobierno predominantemente autoritario. Las conversaciones en línea aportan gran visibilidad a sus usuarios. Enunciaremos las características del porqué consideramos que México es un país autoritario. Posteriormente, con el #YoSoy132, demostraremos que las conversaciones en línea se han vuelto prácticas comunes que pueden fortalecer la ciudadanía. Éstas prácticas innovan la producción informativa y permiten la vigilancia ciudadana, por lo que vuelven visible a los actores. Antes de la existencia de ellas, el control gubernamental iba de la mano de prácticas opacas con la complicidad de los medios masivos. Examinamos el conflicto existente entre las prácticas autoritarias y la lógica de la visibilidad, la cual entendemos como un nuevo comportamiento ciudadano que emerge del discurso aficionado de las redes sociales y del mundo audiovisual. Gracias a la metodología construida y el marco conceptual de movimientos sociales, analizamos las conversaciones en línea como evidencia empírica de una nueva forma ciudadana encarnada en el movimiento nacido en las redes. Encontramos un nuevo imaginario simbólico cívico correspondiente al momento sociocultural de la primera década de 2000. This paper seeks to address how social media is shaping the traditional structures of power in some countries known to have an authoritarian government, such being the case of Mexico. Online conversations give users tremendous visibility. We will enlist the characteristics of why Mexico is considered authoritarian. Then, with the example of #YoSoy132, we will argue how social media conversations are becoming a common practice that can strengthen citizenship. We will prove that these practices innovate information production and allow citizen surveillance, therefore they make users visible actors. Before social media, government control went hand in hand with opaque practices and collusion of mass media. We examine the conflict between authoritarian practices in Mexico and the logic of visibility, that we understand as a form of citizenship behavior emerging in amateur social media discourse that nourishes itself from the audiovisual world. Relying on a methodology based on a conceptual framework of social movements, we analyzed online conversations as empirical evidence of the social media movement. We find a civic symbolic imaginary that corresponds to the sociocultural moment of the first decade of 2000.

Este trabajo aborda dos movimientos que emergieron en el año 2011: La Mane en Colombia y Ocupa Sampa en Brasil. El primero es un movimiento estudiantil que comparte características en común con movimientos en España y Chile. El segundo es un movimiento urbano que integra factores locales con diversos elementos simbólicos del movimiento Occupy. La investigación se centra en los usos de internet analizando las disputas por la visibilidad en la calles y en la web. La noción de red como cronotopo se propone como herramienta de análisis para entender la integración de los órdenes espacio-temporales de realidad online y offline. A través del estudio de los grafos realizados basados en las dinámicas en Facebook de ambos movimientos se analiza la emergencia de realidades multi-centradas y multi-temporales: la yuxtaposición entre diversos centros y periferias y entre diversos referentes del tiempo crean un nuevo marco de interpretación de los movimientos contemporáneos que usan plataformas digitales como Facebook. La red como cronotopo se constituye en una herramienta para interrogar procesos socio-políticos actuales de continuidad y cambio. This paper compares two movements that emerged during the same 2011 period: the Mane in Colombia and Ocupa Sampa in Brazil. The first is a student movement that has similarities with the cases of Spain and Chile. The second is an urban movement that mixes local factors with many of the symbolic elements of the Occupy movement. The study focuses on the political uses of the internet, analysing battles for visibility in the streets and on the net. The concept of the network as chronotope is used to understand the hybrid forms that integrate online and offline spatio-temporalities. Comparing activity graphs based on the Facebook sites of both movements, a multicentered and a multitemporal social reality emerges: a mixture between several centres and peripheries and between several past-present-future moments that creates a new interpretive framework for the contemporary movements that use digital platforms as Facebook. The network as chronotope is a way to question the current socio-political processes of continuity and change.

The renewed focus on the study of corporate reputation shows an increasing acknowledgement that this intangible asset has a strong role to play in a company’s ability to thrive. Notwithstanding, managing the reputation of an organization seems to be a difficult task, or one that is neglected by most executive managers, who fail to defend their companies from crisis situations. In this paper, our purpose is to analyze the corporate communication programs of the company Bosch Car Multimedia - Braga (Portugal) and thereby gain a deeper understanding of the role played by ‘safety nets’ in managing reputational risk and preventing crisis scenarios at a local level. In this context, we conducted a study in order to analyze the state of the art of BCMP’s corporate communication programs, which were created locally with the aim of contributing to the development of ‘safety nets’. BCMP is an interesting case for study and debate with respect to reputational risk and crisis communication, along with the development of ‘safety nets’, since the company has to face the challenge of combining a centralized communication structure (based in Germany) with a strong and demanding union workforce., (undefined)

El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido analizar la publicidad de alimentos emitida por los canales temáticos infantiles de carácter privado y con mayor audiencia en España (Neox y Boing). Para ello se ha realizado un análisis de contenido de las pausas comerciales que estas cadenas realizan durante las franjas de protección reforzada de la infancia que la normativa de este país determina. El estudio evidencia cómo el creciente problema de obesidad entre la población infantil ha supuesto la implicación de las marcas de la industria alimentaria. Se promocionan hábitos de vida saludable mediante sobreimpresiones que llegan a los niños a través de la pequeña pantalla. Sin embargo, el mensaje de seguir una alimentación variada y practicar ejercicio con regularidad queda relegado ante la fuerte estrategia comercial que el sector de productos de consumo realiza. Se emplea un argumento de venta basado en un incentivo que el consumidor obtiene con la compra del producto frente a las cualidades nutritivas que este ofrece. The goal of this research was to analyse the advertising of food broadcast by the two Spanish private thematic channels aimed at children with more audience in Spain (Neox and Boing). A content analysis was made in order to study the commercials showed during the hours of children’s enhanced protection established by the normative of this country. The paper presents the increasing concern about kids´ obesity and the role of food industry. Healthy lifestyles are promoted through messages printed in the ads that children see on television. Nevertheless, a varied diet and regular exercise is pushed into the background as a result of the strong commercial strategy of this sector’s brands. The pitch is the bonus that the consumer receives with the product instead of the nutritive characteristics.

This study explores the dynamic interaction between government and news media in the frame-building process, the process of shaping journalistic news frames, during the financial crisis that erupted in September 2008. The unexpected as well as event-driven character of the financial crisis is expected to create dynamics that challenge journalists’ dependence on powerful political actors as the national government by opening up the news gate wider to various voices and perspectives. However, the findings of this study indicate unexpected results as the government dominates the frame-building process. In order to empirically explore the frame-building process, this paper employs framing theory to analyse political actors’ messages and news media coverage. The study employs two sets of data, the first a content analysis of news coverage and the second a content analysis of political messages, during a three month period in Sweden following the eruption of the financial crisis. Overall, the results of this study indicate that powerful political actors’ ability to influence frame-building follows the predictable pattern of indexing also during an unexpected event thus limiting press independence.