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The effects of quinidine and temperature on Na influx and contraction frequency of synchronously contracting rat myocardial cells in monolayer cultures were studied. Quinidine (10(-6) M to 10(-1) M) produced a prompt reduction in Na influx, maximum after 30 seconds of exposure, and dose-dependent along a sigmoid log dose-response curve. At 37 degrees C, Na influx (mumol/10(11) cells per sec) decreased from 30.19 to 24.70 (P less than 0.001) and 10.49 (P less than 0.001) on exposure to quinidine, 10(-6) and 10(-2) M, respectively. Simultaneously the contraction frequency decreased from a control of 120/min to 105/min and 48/min with 10(-6) M and 5 X 10(-4) M quinidine. At higher concentrations spontaneous contractions ceased. The effects on Na influx and contraction were reversible by washing the cells free of the drug (30 seconds). A temperature-dependent decrease in the Na influx between 37 degrees C and 22 degrees C also induced a decrease in contraction frequency. Between 25 degrees C and 35 degrees C the Q10 values for Na influx and contraction frequency were 2.41 and 2.44 respectively. Under all conditions tested there was a constant linear relationship (r = 0.98) between Na influx and contraction frequency for all values of Na influx greater than 11.82 mumol/10(11) cells per sec. Na influx and contraction frequency were insensitive to tetrodotoxin (10(-5) g/ml) but very sensitive to verapamil and to changes in extracellular Na. Quinidine affected only the verapamil-sensitive Na influx. The results indicate a close relationship between verapamil-sensitive inward Na movement and automaticity in these cells and demonstrate that the quinidine-induced changes in automaticity are closely linked to the effect on Na influx.

SUMMARY The effects of a new steroid anaesthetic agent (CT1341) were studied in twenty volunteers divided into three groups. In group I, serial measurements were made of heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate. In group II, detailed haemodynamic studies were made in patients undergoing diagnostic cardiovascular investigations. These studies included measurement of cardiac output, stroke volume and arterial blood gases. In group III, time from induction to “true recovery” was measured following a single intravenous injection of the drug. This agent produced a stable anaesthetic state in all cases. Anaesthesia was characterized by a rise in respiratory rate and pulse rate with a slight fall in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A significant fall in Pao2 occurred in those patients breathing air. The mean recovery time in six patients was 24.3 min. CT1341 produced safe and stable anaesthesia in all twenty cases and is worthy of further clinical trial.