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Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is clinically characterized by pain, abnormal regulation of blood flow and sweating, edema of skin and subcutaneous tissues, active and passive movement disorders, and trophic changes. It is classified as type I (reflex sympathetic dystrophy) and type II

Purpose of review The paper is a critical appraisal of recent advances in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome. Rapidly changing concepts related to the pathophysiology of this disease has transformed its current management and necessitates an updated review of the literature. Recent findings Chronic regional pain syndrome is a perplexing disease that continues to challenge researchers with respect to its cause and treatment. Recent modification to diagnostic criteria has enabled clinicians to diagnose this disease in a more consistent fashion. Emerging data indicate a possible role of inflammation in the overall pathophysiology and have led to treatment trials with newer anti-inflammatory medications. Certain ‘conventional’ interventional techniques have been recently scrutinized. A few novel therapeutic options like graded imagery are also outlined. Summary Enhanced insight into the pathophysiology of chronic regional pain syndrome has modified current clinical practice and the focus of research. Certain ‘standard’ therapeutic options for chronic regional pain syndrome have failed the test of time while others have prevailed. New options have recently been evaluated and have shown promising early results. Knowledge of recent advances in chronic regional pain syndrome will help pain physicians provide optimal care to these patients.