1. Oxidative damage and mutagenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: genetic studies of pathways affecting replication fidelity of 8-oxoguanine.
- Author
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Shockley AH, Doo DW, Rodriguez GP, and Crouse GF
- Subjects
- DNA Damage genetics, DNA Helicases genetics, DNA Mismatch Repair genetics, DNA Repair genetics, Guanine metabolism, Mutagenesis genetics, Mutation, Oxidative Stress, Superoxide Dismutase metabolism, Superoxide Dismutase-1, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases genetics, DNA Glycosylases genetics, DNA Replication genetics, Guanine analogs & derivatives, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins genetics, Superoxide Dismutase genetics
- Abstract
Oxidative damage to DNA constitutes a major threat to the faithful replication of DNA in all organisms and it is therefore important to understand the various mechanisms that are responsible for repair of such damage and the consequences of unrepaired damage. In these experiments, we make use of a reporter system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that can measure the specific increase of each type of base pair mutation by measuring reversion to a Trp+ phenotype. We demonstrate that increased oxidative damage due to the absence of the superoxide dismutase gene, SOD1, increases all types of base pair mutations and that mismatch repair (MMR) reduces some, but not all, types of mutations. By analyzing various strains that can revert only via a specific CG→AT transversion in backgrounds deficient in Ogg1 (encoding an 8-oxoG glycosylase), we can study mutagenesis due to a known 8-oxoG base. We show as expected that MMR helps prevent mutagenesis due to this damaged base and that Pol η is important for its accurate replication. In addition we find that its accurate replication is facilitated by template switching, as loss of either RAD5 or MMS2 leads to a significant decrease in accurate replication. We observe that these ogg1 strains accumulate revertants during prolonged incubation on plates, in a process most likely due to retromutagenesis.
- Published
- 2013
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