1. Prevalence and risk factors for carriage of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli on household and small-scale chicken farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam
- Author
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Trung, Nguyen Vinh, Carrique-Mas, Juan J, Thi Hoa, Ngo, Mai, Ho Huynh, Tuyen, Ha Thanh, Campbell, James I, Nhung, Nguyen Thi, Nhung, Hoang Ngoc, Van Minh, Pham, Wagenaar, Jaap A, Hardon, Anita, Hieu, Thai Quoc, Schultsz, Constance, dI&I I&I-4, Infection & Immunity, LS Klinisch Onderzoek Wagenaar, Anthropology of Health, Care and the Body (AISSR, FMG), Faculteit der Geneeskunde, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, and Global Health
- Subjects
Epidemiology ,Cephalosporin ,Antimicrobial resistance ,medicine.disease_cause ,Poultry ,0403 veterinary science ,Risk Factors ,Prevalence ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Escherichia coli Infections ,Original Research ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,poultry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Antimicrobial ,Quinolone ,3. Good health ,Ciprofloxacin ,Antimicrobial use ,Infectious Diseases ,Vietnam ,Animals, Domestic ,Carrier State ,Gentamicin ,medicine.drug ,Microbiology (medical) ,Bioinformatica & Diermodellen ,040301 veterinary sciences ,medicine.drug_class ,Tetracycline ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Biology ,treatment incidence ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antibiotic resistance ,Bio-informatics & Animal models ,Drug Resistance, Bacterial ,medicine ,Escherichia coli ,Animals ,Epidemiology, Bio-informatics & Animal models ,antimicrobial resistance ,Epidemiologie ,Pharmacology ,Treatment incidence ,030306 microbiology ,antimicrobial use ,Epidemiologie, Bioinformatica & Diermodellen ,bacteria ,Chickens - Abstract
Escherichia coli multidrug resistant to widely available antibacterials poses a threat to humans, their poultry and their environment when the prevalence is high, and containment is low., Objectives To describe the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among commensal Escherichia coli isolates on household and small-scale chicken farms, common in southern Vietnam, and to investigate the association of antimicrobial resistance with farming practices and antimicrobial usage. Methods We collected data on farming and antimicrobial usage from 208 chicken farms. E. coli was isolated from boot swab samples using MacConkey agar (MA) and MA with ceftazidime, nalidixic acid or gentamicin. Isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobials and for ESBL production. Risk factor analyses were carried out, using logistic regression, at both the bacterial population and farm levels. Results E. coli resistant to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and third-generation cephalosporins was detected on 201 (96.6%), 191 (91.8%) and 77 (37.0%) of the farms, respectively. Of the 895 E. coli isolates, resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and third-generation cephalosporins was detected in 178 (19.9%), 291 (32.5%) and 29 (3.2%) of the isolates, respectively. Ciprofloxacin resistance was significantly associated with quinolone usage (OR = 2.26) and tetracycline usage (OR = 1.70). ESBL-producing E. coli were associated with farms containing fish ponds (OR = 4.82). Conclusions Household and small farms showed frequent antimicrobial usage associated with a high prevalence of resistance to the most commonly used antimicrobials. Given the weak biocontainment, the high prevalence of resistant E. coli could represent a risk to the environment and to humans.
- Published
- 2015