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Inconsistent associations between lipids and circulating markers of fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid status have been reported. The aim of this hypothesis-generating study was to examine the contribution of the LC-MS-based lipidome, characterized by lipid class, carbon count, and the number of unsaturated bonds, to the interindividual variability in circulating concentrations of retinol, carotenoids, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and phylloquinone in 35 overweight and obese, but healthy men. A sparse partial least-squares method was used to accomplish this aim. Highly abundant phospholipids and triglycerides (TGs) contributed to the interindividual variability in phylloquinone, α-tocopherol, and γ-tocopherol. Interindividual variability in lycopene concentrations was driven by concentrations of low-abundant TG. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3, retinol, and the other carotenoids were not influenced by lipids. Except for lycopene, evaluation of lipids beyond class does not appear to further explain the interindividual variability in circulating concentrations of fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids., Lipidomics does not appear to explain the interindividual variability in most circulating concentrations of fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids beyond the interindividual variability explained by class.

OBJECTIVES: A key to a successful personalized nutrition (PN) strategy is tailoring the behavior intervention to achieve sustained behavior change consistent with desired health outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a digitally-delivered, systems biology-based PN program (Habit, LLC, Oakland, CA), that included nutrition and behavior advice, and meals. METHODS: In this single-arm, multi-phase, open-label study (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03424395), participants (n = 107; 67% female), 30–59 years of age, were provided a Fitbit® Activity Tracker and instructions to complete an at-home kit that included collection of DNA and capillary blood before and after (30 and 120 min) consuming a mixed macronutrient challenge beverage. Lifestyle behavior data and activity levels were collected at baseline. Participants completed a 10-week control phase and a 10-week PN program intervention phase that included tailored nutrition and behavior advice, and meals (2 meals/day, 5 days/week). Validated quality of life, perceived stress, diet self-efficacy, and eating behavior questionnaires were administered to assess behavior before and after the intervention. Data from 73 compliant participants (66% female) were included in the analysis. Anthropometric and biological results were used to categorize participants into subgroups including Protein Seekers (PS) and Range Seekers (RS). RESULTS: Participants reported feeling fuller faster after the intervention, relative to before (P = 0.002), which could be linked to the dietary recommendations and behavior advice. Analysis by gender showed men reported more control over their eating patterns during negative events at baseline, compared to women (P = 0.005). This difference was not evident at the end of the intervention with women reporting slightly more, and men slightly less control. PS entered the study with a higher weight and BMI (P