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Background: Temocillin is a β-lactam that is not hydrolysed by ESBLs., Objectives: To describe the real-life use of temocillin, to assess its effectiveness in infections caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacterales, and to identify risk factors for treatment failure., Methods: Retrospective multicentric study in eight tertiary care hospitals in the Greater Paris area, including patients who received at least one dose of temocillin for ESBL infections from 1 January to 31 December 2018. Failure was a composite criterion defined within 28 day follow-up by persistence or reappearance of signs of infection, and/or switch to suppressive antibiotic treatment and/or death from infection. A logistic regression with univariable and multivariable analysis was performed to identify risks associated with failure., Results: Data on 130 infection episodes were collected; 113 were due to ESBL-producing Enterobacterales. Mean age was 65.2 ± 15.7 years and 68.1% patients were male. Indications were mostly urinary tract infections (UTIs) (85.8%), bloodstream infections (11.5%), respiratory tract infections (RTIs) (3.5%) and intra-abdominal infections (3.5%). Bacteria involved were Escherichia coli (49.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (44.2%) and Enterobacter cloacae (8.8%). Polymicrobial infections occurred in 23.0% of cases. Temocillin was mostly used in monotherapy (102/113, 90.3%). Failure was found in 13.3% of cases. Risk factors for failure in multivariable analysis were: RTI (aOR 23.3, 95% CI 1.5-358.2) and neurological disease (aOR 5.3, 95% CI 1.5-18.6)., Conclusions: The main use of temocillin was UTI due to ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae , with a favourable clinical outcome. The main risk factor for failure was neurological disease., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.)

Background: Multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MRE) are widespread in the community, especially in tropical regions. Travelers are at risk of acquiring MRE in these regions, but the precise extent of the problem is not known., Methods: From February 2012 to April 2013, travelers attending 6 international vaccination centers in the Paris area prior to traveling to tropical regions were asked to provide a fecal sample before and after their trip. Those found to have acquired MRE were asked to send fecal samples 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after their return, or until MRE was no longer detected. The fecal relative abundance of MRE among all Enterobacteriaceae was determined in each carrier., Results: Among 824 participating travelers, 574 provided fecal samples before and after travel and were not MRE carriers before departure. Of these, 292 (50.9%) acquired an average of 1.8 MRE. Three travelers (0.5%) acquired carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. The acquisition rate was higher in Asia (142/196 [72.4%]) than in sub-Saharan Africa (93/195 [47.7%]) or Latin America (57/183 [31.1%]). MRE acquisition was associated with the type of travel, diarrhea, and exposure to β-lactams during the travel. Three months after return, 4.7% of the travelers carried MRE. Carriage lasted longer in travelers returning from Asia and in travelers with a high relative abundance of MRE at return., Conclusions: MRE acquisition is very frequent among travelers to tropical regions. Travel to these regions should be considered a risk factor of MRE carriage during the first 3 months after return, but not beyond., Clinical Trials Registration: NCT01526187., (© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

In April 2013, the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on immunization stated that a single dose of yellow fever (YF) vaccine is sufficient in the general population to confer a lifelong protection against YF. When the period of validity of the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) will be extended to a lifetime in June 2016, no booster dose will be needed. The objective of this prospective study was to determine the potential impact of the SAGE recommendations on the vaccination activity of our travel clinics. We showed that among 1,037 subjects seen in our three travel clinics for a YF vaccination in 2013, about 32.3% went for a booster dose that is no longer useful according to the SAGE. A drop in vaccination activity has to be expected by travel clinics in the next years, and changes in daily exercise have to be anticipated, as YF vaccination is a large part of the regular work of many healthcare providers specialized in travel medicine., (© 2014 International Society of Travel Medicine.)

We describe a human immunodeficiency virus-infected man with relapsing rashes and reactivation of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection, which evolved into multicentric Castleman disease. Initial skin biopsy revealed infiltrating HHV-8-positive plasmablasts, a subset of which supported lytic infection. We document the first case, to our knowledge, of HHV-8-induced rash and suggest that circulating plasmablasts drive HHV-8 to target tissues.