659 results on '"authors"'
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2. Authors' reply: Effect of preoperative oral antibiotics in combination with mechanical bowel preparation on inflammatory response and short‐term outcomes following left‐sided colonic and rectal resections
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A. M. Golder and co‐authors
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lcsh:Surgery ,General Medicine ,lcsh:RD1-811 - Published
- 2020
3. Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease (version 2012): the Joint Task Force on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)
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Authors, Task Force Members, Vahanian, Alec, Alfieri, Ottavio, Andreotti, Felicita, Antunes, Manuel J, Barón-Esquivias, Gonzalo, Baumgartner, Helmut, Borger, Michael Andrew, Carrel, Thierry P, De Bonis, Michele, Evangelista, Arturo, Falk, Volkmar, Lung, Bernard, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Pierard, Luc, Price, Susanna, Schäfers, Hans-Joachim, Schuler, Gerhard, Stepinska, Janina, Swedberg, Karl, Takkenberg, Johanna, Von Oppell, Ulrich Otto, Windecker, Stephan, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Zembala, Marian, ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines, CPG, Bax, Jeroen J, Ceconi, Claudio, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Fagard, Robert, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno, Kirchhof, Paulus, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, McDonagh, Theresa, Moulin, Cyril, Popescu, Bogdan A, Reiner, Zeljko, Sechtem, Udo, Sirnes, Per Anton, Tendera, Michal, Torbicki, Adam, Document, Reviewers, Von Segesser, Ludwig, Badano, Luigi P, Bunc, Matjaz, Claeys, Marc J, Drinkovic, Niksa, Filippatos, Gerasimos, Habib, Gilbert, Kappetein, A Pieter, Kassab, Roland, Lip, Gregory Y H, Moat, Neil, Nickenig, Georg, Otto, Catherine M, Pepper, John, Piazza, Nicolo, Pieper, Petronella G, Rosenhek, Raphael, Shuka, Naltin, Schwammenthal, Ehud, Schwitter, Juerg, Mas, Pilar Tornos, Trindade, Pedro T, Walther, Thomas, Authors/Task Force, Member, Vahanian, A, Alfieri, Ottavio, Andreotti, F, Antunes, Mj, Baron Esquivias, G, Baumgartner, H, Borger, Ma, Carrel, Tp, DE BONIS, Michele, Evangelista, A, Falk, V, Iung, B, Lancellotti, P, Pierard, L, Price, S, Schafers, Hj, Schuler, G, Stepinska, J, Swedberg, K, Takkenberg, J, Von Oppell, Uo, Windecker, S, Zamorano, Jl, Zembala, M, ESC Committee for Practice, Guideline, Bax, Jj, Ceconi, C, Dean, V, Deaton, C, Fagard, R, Funck Brentano, C, Hasdai, D, Hoes, A, Kirchhof, P, Knuuti, J, Kolh, P, Mcdonagh, T, Moulin, C, Popescu, Ba, Reiner, Z, Sechtem, U, Sirnes, Pa, Tendera, M, Torbicki, A, Document, Reviewer, Von Segesser, L, Badano, Lp, Bunc, M, Claeys, Mj, Drinkovic, N, Filippatos, G, Habib, G, Kappetein, Ap, Kassab, R, Lip, Gy, Moat, N, Nickenig, G, Otto, Cm, Pepper, J, Piazza, N, Pieper, Pg, Rosenhek, R, Shuka, N, Schwammenthal, E, Schwitter, J, Mas, Pt, Trindade, Pt, and Walther, T.
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610 Medicine & health - Published
- 2012
4. 2012 focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation
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De Sutter, Johan, Esc Comm Practice Guidelines, Authors Task Force Members, and Cardio-vascular diseases
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Cardioversion ,Rate control ,Atrial Fibrillation ,Guidelines ,anticoagulation ,Left atrial appendage occlusion ,European Society of Cardiology ,Novel oral anticoagulants - Abstract
NA
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- 2012
5. Making experimental data tables in the life sciences more FAIR: a pragmatic approach
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Jacob, Daniel, David, Romain, Aubin, Sophie, Gibon, Yves, Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Plateforme Métabolome-Fluxome de GFB, Partenaires INRAE, Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), European Research Infrastructure on Highly Pathogenic Agents (ERINHA-AISBL), Direction pour la Science Ouverte (DipSO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), DJ, RD and YG were partly supported by the PHENOME-EMPHASIS project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR-11-INBS-0012). DJ and YG were also supported by the FRIMOUSS project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR-15-CE20-0009-01). RD was also partly supported by the EPPN2020 project (H2020 grant N°731013), the EOSC-Life european program (grant agreement N°824087). SA was partly supported by the FooSIN project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR‐19‐DATA‐0019-01). All authors were also partly funded by the French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE). The FRIM1 dataset came from research supported by the Eranet Erasysbio+ FRIM project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR-09-SYSB-003) and the MetaboHUB project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR-11-INBS-0010)., PHENOME-EMPHASIS project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR-11-INBS-0012), FRIMOUSS project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR-15-CE20-0009-01), EPPN2020 project (H2020 grant N°731013), EOSC-Life european program (grant agreement N°824087), FooSIN project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR‐19‐DATA‐0019-01), MetaboHUB project funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR-11-INBS-0010), ANR-11-INBS-0012,PHENOME,Centre français de phénomique végétale(2011), ANR-11-INBS-0010,METABOHUB,Développement d'une infrastructure française distribuée pour la métabolomique dédiée à l'innovation(2011), ANR-19-DATA-0019,FooSIN,Participation française au GO FAIR Food Systems Implementation Network(2019), ANR-15-CE20-0009,FRIMOUSS,Modélisation intégrative du fruit pour un système de sélection unifié(2015), European Project: 824087,EOSC-Life, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), DIST Délégation Information Scientifique et Technique (DV-IST), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ANR: https://www.phenome-emphasis.fr/,PHENOME-EMPHASIS,PHENOME-EMPHASIS, une infrastructure de phénomique végétale, MetaboHUB-ANR-11-INBS0010,MetaboHUB-ANR-11-INBS0010,French National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, ANR: https://foosin.fr/en/,FooSin,French section of the GO FAIR Food Systems Implementation Network, ANR-15-CE20-0009-01,FRIMOUSS,FRuit Integrative MOdelling for a Unified Selection System, and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro
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experimental data tables ,FOS: Biological sciences ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,AcademicSubjects/SCI02254 ,Commentary ,AcademicSubjects/SCI00960 ,FAIR assessment ,research data management ,[INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM] ,Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT) ,Quantitative Biology - Other Quantitative Biology ,FAIR Data principles ,Biological Science Disciplines - Abstract
International audience; Making data compliant with the FAIR Data principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) is still a challenge for many researchers, who are not sure which criteria should be met first and how. Illustrated from experimental data tables associated with a Design of Experiments, we propose an approach that can serve as a model for a research data management that allows researchers to disseminate their data by satisfying the main FAIR criteria without insurmountable efforts. More importantly, this approach aims to facilitate the FAIRification process by providing researchers with tools to improve their data management practices.
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- 2020
6. Addition of Flucytosine to Fluconazole for the Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis in Africa: A Multicountry Cost-effectiveness Analysis
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Olivier Lortholary, Síle F. Molloy, Sokoine Kivuyo, Shabbar Jaffar, Lawrence Mwenge, Louis W. Niessen, Cecilia Kanyama, Angela Loyse, Elvis Temfack, Shabir Lakhi, Joseph N Jarvis, Tinevimbo Shiri, Peter Mwaba, Robert S. Heyderman, Mina C. Hosseinipour, Charles Kouanfack, Sayoki Mfinanga, Tao Chen, Duncan Chanda, Thomas S. Harrison, Adrienne K. Chan, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), St George's, University of London, Zambart Health Economics Unit Lusaka, University Teaching Hospital (UTH), Lusaka, University Teaching Hospital [Lusaka] (UTH), Institute for Medical Research and Training, University of Teaching Lusaka, Department of Internal Medicine and Directorate of Research and Post-graduate Studies, Lusaka Apex Medical University, Zambia, University of Malawi, University College of London [London] (UCL), University of North Carolina Project-Malawi (UNC Project), University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Hôpital Central de Yaoundé [Yaoundé], Université de Dschang, Hôpital Général de Douala, Mycologie moléculaire - Molecular Mycology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre National de Référence des Mycoses invasives et antifongiques - Mycologie moléculaire (CNRMA), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute for Medical Research - Muhimbili Research Centre (NIMR), Zomba Central Hospital Malawi, University of Toronto, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Bostwana Harvard AIDS Institute Partneship Gaborone, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), This work was supported by grants to the Advancing Cryptococcal Meningitis Treatment for Africa trial from the Medical Research Council, United Kingdom (grant number 100504) and the French Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS, grant number ANRS12275)., The authors thank all the patients and their families, Andrew Nunn, Halima Dawood, Andrew Kitua, and William Powderly for serving on the data and safety monitoring committee, and Graeme Meintjes, Calice Talom, Newton Kumwenda, and Maryline Bonnet for serving on the trial steering committee., Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
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Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Antifungal Agents ,Cost effectiveness ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,flucytosine ,Meningitis, Cryptococcal ,Flucytosine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacotherapy ,cryptococcal meningitis ,Internal medicine ,Amphotericin B ,fluconazole ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Articles and Commentaries ,cost-effectiveness ,[SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology ,health care economics and organizations ,0303 health sciences ,treatment ,030306 microbiology ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,virus diseases ,Cost-effectiveness analysis ,Confidence interval ,3. Good health ,respiratory tract diseases ,Infectious Diseases ,Africa ,business ,Fluconazole ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Mortality from cryptococcal meningitis remains very high in Africa. In the Advancing Cryptococcal Meningitis Treatment for Africa (ACTA) trial, 2 weeks of fluconazole (FLU) plus flucytosine (5FC) was as effective and less costly than 2 weeks of amphotericin-based regimens. However, many African settings treat with FLU monotherapy, and the cost-effectiveness of adding 5FC to FLU is uncertain. Methods The effectiveness and costs of FLU+5FC were taken from ACTA, which included a costing analysis at the Zambian site. The effectiveness of FLU was derived from cohorts of consecutively enrolled patients, managed in respects other than drug therapy, as were participants in ACTA. FLU costs were derived from costs of FLU+5FC in ACTA, by subtracting 5FC drug and monitoring costs. The cost-effectiveness of FLU+5FC vs FLU alone was measured as the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). A probabilistic sensitivity analysis assessed uncertainties and a bivariate deterministic sensitivity analysis examined the impact of varying mortality and 5FC drug costs on the ICER. Results The mean costs per patient were US $847 (95% confidence interval [CI] $776–927) for FLU+5FC, and US $628 (95% CI $557–709) for FLU. The 10-week mortality rate was 35.1% (95% CI 28.9–41.7%) with FLU+5FC and 53.8% (95% CI 43.1–64.1%) with FLU. At the current 5FC price of US $1.30 per 500 mg tablet, the ICER of 5FC+FLU versus FLU alone was US $65 (95% CI $28–208) per life-year saved. Reducing the 5FC cost to between US $0.80 and US $0.40 per 500 mg resulted in an ICER between US $44 and US $28 per life-year saved. Conclusions The addition of 5FC to FLU is cost-effective for cryptococcal meningitis treatment in Africa and, if made available widely, could substantially reduce mortality rates among human immunodeficiency virus–infected persons in Africa., The combination of flucytosine plus fluconazole (FLU) is cost-effective, compared with the commonly used regimen of FLU monotherapy, for cryptococcal meningitis treatment in Africa, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of US $65 per life-year saved at the current price.
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- 2020
7. Expanding the type IIB DNA topoisomerase family: identification of new topoisomerase and topoisomerase-like proteins in mobile genetic elements
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Claudine Mayer, Danièle Gadelle, Violette Da Cunha, Mart Krupovic, Patrick Forterre, Tomio S. Takahashi, Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie Cellulaire des Archées (ARCHEE), Département Microbiologie (Dpt Microbio), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Microbiologie structurale - Structural Microbiology (Microb. Struc. (UMR_3528 / U-Pasteur_5)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Research Council (ERC) Grant from the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP/2007-2013) (Project EVOMOBIL-ERC) [340440 to V.D.C., P.F.], l’Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Project ESSPOIR ANR-17-CE12-0032 to T.T., D.G., C.M., Project ENVIRA ANR-17-CE15-0005-01 to M.K.], The authors would like to thank Dr Jacques Oberto, Dr Ryan Catchpole and Dr Stephanie Petrella for valuable discussions, ANR-17-CE15-0005,ENVIRA,Remodelage de la membrane cytoplasmique par les virus enveloppés d'archées(2017), ANR-17-CE12-0032,ESSPOIR,Comprendre la structure de SPO11, ses fonctions et ses interactions(2017), European Project: 340440,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,EVOMOBIL(2014), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Genetics ,0303 health sciences ,Subfamily ,Applied Mathematics ,Topoisomerase ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Archaeal Viruses ,Standard Article ,Biology ,Computer Science Applications ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Plasmid ,chemistry ,Structural Biology ,Extrachromosomal DNA ,biology.protein ,Mobile genetic elements ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,DNA ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
The control of DNA topology by DNA topoisomerases is essential for virtually all DNA transactions in the cell. These enzymes, present in every organism, exist as several non-homologous families. We previously identified a small group of atypical type IIB topoisomerases, called Topo VIII, mainly encoded by plasmids. Here, taking advantage of the rapid expansion of sequence databases, we identified new putative Topo VIII homologs. Our analyses confirm the exclusivity of the corresponding genes to mobile genetic elements (MGE) and extend their distribution to nine different bacterial phyla and one archaeal superphylum. Notably, we discovered another subfamily of topoisomerases, dubbed ‘Mini-A’, including distant homologs of type IIB topoisomerases and encoded by extrachromosomal and integrated bacterial and archaeal viruses. Interestingly, a short, functionally uncharacterized motif at the C-terminal extremity of type IIB topoisomerases appears sufficient to discriminate between Mini-A, Topo VI and Topo VIII subfamilies. This motif could be a key element for understanding the differences between the three subfamilies. Collectively, this work leads to an updated model for the origin and evolution of the type IIB topoisomerase family and raises questions regarding the role of topoisomerases during replication of MGE in bacteria and archaea.
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- 2019
8. Defining high bleeding risk in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a consensus document from the Academic Research Consortium for High Bleeding Risk
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Marco Valgimigli, Takeshi Kimura, Robert W. Yeh, Martin B. Leon, Dominick J. Angiolillo, Roxana Mehran, Mitchell W. Krucoff, Stuart J. Pocock, Yoshiaki Mitsutake, Ernest Spitzer, P. F.Adrian Magee, Andrew Farb, Akihide Konishi, Matthew J. Price, Davide Capodanno, Olivier Varenne, Ute Windhoevel, Roisin Colleran, Philip Urban, C. Michael Gibson, Darren Mylotte, Donald E. Cutlip, Thomas Cuisset, Hyo-Soo Kim, John C. Laschinger, Stefan James, Michael Haude, John Gregson, Marie Claude Morice, John Eikelboom, Norman Stockbridge, Sunil V. Rao, Pedro Eerdmans, Robert A. Byrne, Hôpital de la Tour, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Catania [Italy], Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), AUTRES, McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Lukaskrankenhaus, Uppsala University, Seoul National University Hospital, Kyoto University, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Columbia University [New York], National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Scripps Clinic [San Diego, CA, USA], Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), University of Bern, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Cardiovascular European Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center [Boston] (BIDMC), Hôpital Privé Jacques Cartier [Massy], The ARC-HBR group was entirely funded by multiple industry sponsors. Sponsors participated as observers in both meetings and were provided a copy of the document before submission. The contributing companies were Abbott Vascular, Alvimedica, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Biosensors, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Celonova, Chiesi, Cordis, Daiichi Sankyo, Edwards Lifesciences, Janssen, Medinol, Medtronic, Orbusneich, Portola, Sanofi, Sinomed, Sahajanand Medical Technologies, and Terumo.Conflict of interest: Dr Colleran received financial compensation for her contribution to the preparation of this document. In accordance with the ARC charter, none of the other participants received fees or honoraria for their participation in the meetings or their contribution to this document. Dr Urban reports receiving speaker and consulting honoraria as an individual from Biosensors-Europe, Sinomed, and Terumo, participating in paid review activities (Clinical End Point Committee, Data Safety Monitoring Board) for Edward Lifesciences, Terumo, and Abbott Vascular, and serving as a medical codirector at the Cardiovascular European Research Center, a contract research organization based in Massy, France. Dr Mehran reports consultant fees to the institution from Abbott Laboratories and Spectranetics/Philips/Valcano Corp, consulting fees from Boston Scientific, Cardiovascular Systems Inc, Medscape, Siemens Medical Solutions, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Roivant Sciences Inc, and Sanofi, being the spouse of a consultant for Abiomed and The Medicines Company, research funding to the institution from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital, BMS, CSL Behring, Eli Lilly and DSI, Medtronic, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, and Orbus Neich, scientific advisory board fees from PLx Opco Inc, dba PLx Pharma Inc, scientific advisory board fees to the institution from Bristol-Myers Squibb, executive committee fees from Janssen Pharmaceuticals and Osprey Medical, speaker engagements for Abbott Laboratories, equity from Claret Medical and Elixir Medical, and Data Safety Monitoring Board fees to the institution from Atermark Research Partners. Dr Angiolillo reports payments, consulting fees, or honoraria from Amgen, Aralez, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Biosensors, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chiesi, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Haemonetics, Janssen, Merck, PLx Pharma Inc, Pfizer, Sanofi, and The Medicines Company, fees for participation in review activities from CeloNova and St. Jude Medical, institutional grants from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Biosensors, CeloNova, CSL Behring, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Matsutani Chemical Industry Co, Merck, Novartis, Osprey Medical, and Renal Guard Solutions, and funding from the Scott R. MacKenzie Foundation and the National Institutes of Health/National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences Clinical and Translational Science Award to the University of Florida UL1 TR000064 and National Institutes of Health/National Human Genome Research Institute U01 HG007269. Dr Byrne reports lecture fees from B. Braun Melsungen AG, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, and Micell Technologies and research funding to the institution from Boston Scientific and Celonova Biosciences. Dr Capodanno reports personal fees from Abbott Vascular, Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, and AstraZeneca. Dr Cutlip reports receiving consultant fees from Celonova Biosciences and academic salary support from the Baim Institute for Clinical Research, an academic research organization in Boston, MA. Dr Eikelboom reports consulting fees and grant support from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Janssen, and Sanofi-Aventis. Dr Gibson reports being chief executive officer of the Baim Institute for Clinical Research, in addition to receiving research grant funding from Angel Medical Corp, Bayer Corp, CSL Behring, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson Corp, and Portola Pharmaceuticals, consultant fees from Amarin Pharama, Amgen, Bayer Corp, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Clinical Research Institute, Boston Scientific, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, CSL Behring, Chiesi, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead Sciences, Inc, Impact Bio LTD, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson Corp, The Medicines Company, MedImmune, Medtelligence, Merck & Co, Inc, Microport, Novo Nordisk, PERT Consortium, Pharma Mar, Portola Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, Somahlution, Vereseon Corporation, and Web MD, and royalties as a contributor from UpToDate in Cardiovascular Medicine. Dr Gregson reports personal fees from Edwards Lifesciences, MvRX, Amarin Corp, and BioSensors. Dr Haude reports grant support from Biotronik, Orbus Neich, AbboF, Medtronic, and Cardiac Dimensions, speaker’s bureau fees from Biotronik, Orbus Neich, AbboF, Medtronic, Lilly, Philips/ Volcano, and Cardiac Dimensions (Proctor), and consultant fees from Biotronik, Orbus Neich, and AbboF. Dr James reports institutional research grants from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Jansen, The Medicines Company, Abbot Vascular, and Boston Scientific, as well as honoraria from AstraZeneca, Bayer, and Medtronic. Dr Kimura reports consulting fees or honoraria from Abbott Vascular Japan Co, Ltd, Kowa Co, Ltd, Kowa Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Sanofi K.K., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co, Ltd, and Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., as well as grant support from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, and Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co, Ltd. Dr Leon reports receiving research grants from Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, Biosensors, and SinomedEquity-Medinol. Dr Mylotte reports speaker fees from Biosensors and institutional research grants from Biosensors and Medtronic. Dr Pocock has served on steering committees or data monitoring committees for trials sponsored by AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Idorsia, Janssen, Medtronic, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Vifor, and has received grant funding from AstraZeneca and Merck. Dr Price reports receiving consulting honoraria from AstraZeneca, Chiesi USA, Medtronic, Boston Scientific, and Abbott Vascular/St Jude Medical, speaker’s bureau/fees from AstraZeneca, Chiesi USA, Medtronic, Boston Scientific, Abbott Vascular/St Jude Medical, and ACIST Medical, and institutional research grants from Daiichi-Sankyo. Dr Valgimigli reports grants and personal fees from Abbott, AstraZeneca, and Terumo, personal fees from Chiesi, Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, Amgen, Alvimedica, Biosensors, and Idorsia, and grants from Medicure. Dr Varenne reports receiving consulting and research grants from Boston Scientific, Abbott Vascular, AstraZeneca, and Servier. Dr Yeh reports consulting and research grants from Abbott Vascular and Boston Scientific, research grants from Abiomed and AstraZeneca, and consulting fees from Biosense Webster, Medtronic, and Teleflex. Dr Krucoff reports receiving consulting and research grants from Abbott Vascular, Biosensors, Boston Scientific, Cook Medical, Medtronic, and OrbusNeich. Dr Morice is the chief executive officer of the Cardiovascular European Research Center, the contract research organization organizing the ARC-HBR initiative. The other authors report no conflicts., Kyoto University [Kyoto], Cardiology, and Prémilleux, Annick
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Percutaneous ,protocole de recherche ,medicine.medical_treatment ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Cardiologie et système cardiovasculaire ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,0302 clinical medicine ,maladie coronaire ,Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aged, 80 and over ,education.field_of_study ,Clinical Trials as Topic ,Kardiologi ,Frailty ,hémorragie ,European research ,Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy ,Anemia ,Drug-Eluting Stents ,3. Good health ,ddc ,Europe ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Treatment Outcome ,Current Opinion ,Metals ,Stents ,clinical trial protocols as topic ,Safety ,hemorrhage ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Asia ,Consensus ,Population ,Clinical Decision-Making ,610 Medicine & health ,Risk Assessment ,Medication Adherence ,Food and drug administration ,03 medical and health sciences ,Physiology (medical) ,Hypertension, Portal ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Acute Coronary Syndrome ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Intensive care medicine ,education ,Aged ,business.industry ,percutaneous coronary intervention ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,Data interpretation ,Fibrosis ,Thrombocytopenia ,United States ,Clinical trial ,Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,business - Abstract
Identification and management of patients at high bleeding risk undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention are of major importance, but a lack of standardization in defining this population limits trial design, data interpretation, and clinical decision-making. The Academic Research Consortium for High Bleeding Risk (ARC-HBR) is a collaboration among leading research organizations, regulatory authorities, and physician-scientists from the United States, Asia, and Europe focusing on percutaneous coronary intervention–related bleeding. Two meetings of the 31-member consortium were held in Washington, DC, in April 2018 and in Paris, France, in October 2018. These meetings were organized by the Cardiovascular European Research Center on behalf of the ARC-HBR group and included representatives of the US Food and Drug Administration and the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, as well as observers from the pharmaceutical and medical device industries. A consensus definition of patients at high bleeding risk was developed that was based on review of the available evidence. The definition is intended to provide consistency in defining this population for clinical trials and to complement clinical decision-making and regulatory review. The proposed ARC-HBR consensus document represents the first pragmatic approach to a consistent definition of high bleeding risk in clinical trials evaluating the safety and effectiveness of devices and drug regimens for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
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- 2019
9. A multi-ancestry genome-wide study incorporating gene–smoking interactions identifies multiple new loci for pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure
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Bamidele O. Tayo, RJ Waken, Mario Sims, Diane M. Becker, Tõnu Esko, Yingchang Lu, Pamela J. Schreiner, Antonietta Robino, Anne U. Jackson, H. Janaka de Silva, Peter J. van der Most, Archie Campbell, Ozren Polasek, Salman M. Tajuddin, Jing Hua Zhao, Barbara V. Howard, Saima Afaq, Vilmundur Gudnason, Lynda M. Rose, Francis S. Collins, Massimiliano Cocca, Ruth J. F. Loos, Yii-Der Ida Chen, W. James Gauderman, Jaspal S. Kooner, Lawrence F. Bielak, Ulrich Broeckel, Anuradhani Kasturiratne, Melissa A. Richard, Tomohiro Katsuya, Nicola D. Kerrison, Tin Aung, Lisa de las Fuentes, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Oscar H. Franco, Yongmei Liu, Eric Boerwinkle, Nana Matoba, Saskia P. Hagenaars, Rob M. van Dam, Tibor V. Varga, Nilesh J. Samani, Tangchun Wu, Thomas H. Mosley, Caroline Hayward, Joseph H. Lee, Frida Renström, Tamara B. Harris, Alena Stančáková, Adesola Ogunniyi, Wen Bin Wei, Lenore J. Launer, Marcus Dörr, Xiuqing Guo, Jennifer A. Smith, Terho Lehtimäki, Dan E. Arking, Fang-Chi Hsu, Karin Leander, Martin Farrall, Konstantin Strauch, Albert V. Smith, Richard S. Cooper, Chiea Chuen Khor, Changwei Li, James E. Hixson, Sami Heikkinen, David R. Weir, Pirjo Komulainen, Renée de Mutsert, Raymond Noordam, Ubaydah Nasri, Paul M. Ridker, C. Charles Gu, Tamuno Alfred, Jerome I. Rotter, Nora Franceschini, Nita G. Forouhi, Lihua Wang, Alanna C. Morrison, Jian-Min Yuan, Ching-Yu Cheng, Peter S. Braund, Paul Elliott, Gregory P. Wilson, Jianjun Liu, Xiaofeng Zhu, Markku Laakso, Christian Gieger, Yukihide Momozawa, Rainer Rettig, Carsten Oliver Schmidt, Amy R. Bentley, Wei Zhao, Ioanna Ntalla, Kenneth Rice, Yoichiro Kamatani, Andres Metspalu, Helen R. Warren, Yechiel Friedlander, Susan Redline, Kurt Lohman, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Aravinda Chakravarti, Traci M. Bartz, Sarah E. Harris, Yih Chung Tham, He Gao, Mike A. Nalls, Mathilde Boissel, Donna K. Arnett, Harold Snieder, James S. Pankow, Babatunde L. Salako, Laura J. Bierut, Tin Louie, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Xueling Sim, Thomas Meitinger, Maris Alver, Claudia Langenberg, Stephen B. Kritchevsky, Norihiro Kato, Evangelos Evangelou, Philippe Froguel, Alexandre C. Pereira, Michael R. Brown, Karen Schwander, Charles Kooperberg, Blair H. Smith, Annette Peters, Fernando Pires Hartwig, Yanhua Zhou, Jie Yao, Alisa K. Manning, Keng-Hung Lin, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Ervin R. Fox, Tuomo Rankinen, Timo A. Lakka, Charles N. Rotimi, Nicholette D. Palmer, Jiang He, Nicholas J. Wareham, Jingmin Liu, Yun Ju Sung, Cathy C. Laurie, Donald W. Bowden, Yong-Bing Xiang, Lisa R. Yanek, B. Kuhnel, Nancy L. Pedersen, Yajuan Wang, Ananda R. Wickremasinghe, Jonathan Marten, Yi-Jen Hung, Dabeeru C. Rao, Bernardo L. Horta, Joel D. Kaufman, Barry I. Freedman, Chuan Gao, Olli T. Raitakari, Reedik Mägi, Solomon K. Musani, Albert Hofman, Wanqing Wen, Heming Wang, Xiao-Ou Shu, Y Liu, Mark J. Caulfield, Meian He, Daniel I. Chasman, Carl D. Langefeld, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Bruce M. Psaty, Jasmin Divers, R. Graham Barr, Chew-Kiat Heng, Stella Aslibekyan, John M. Starr, Stefan Weiss, Anuj Goel, Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen, Terrence Forrester, Mary F. Feitosa, Jost B. Jonas, Kae-Woei Liang, Colleen M. Sitlani, Daniel Levy, Marie Loh, Qing Duan, Aldi T. Kraja, Tien Yin Wong, Myriam Fornage, Andrea R. V. R. Horimoto, Michele K. Evans, David J. Porteous, Dina Vojinovic, Hua Tang, Michael A. Province, Ching-Ti Liu, Rainer Rauramaa, William R. Scott, Cora E. Lewis, Charles B. Eaton, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Michael Boehnke, James Scott, Colin A McKenzie, Jin-Fang Chai, Woon-Puay Koh, Yucheng Jia, Claude Bouchard, Peter S. Sever, Koichi Matsuda, Najaf Amin, Ulf de Faire, Walter Palmas, André G. Uitterlinden, Thomas T. Perls, Erin B. Ware, Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu, Michiaki Kubo, Ya Xing Wang, Hugh Watkins, Steven C. Hunt, Weihua Zhang, Johanna Kuusisto, Lili Milani, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Georg Ehret, L. Adrienne Cupples, Franco Giulianini, Zoltán Kutalik, Jose E Krieger, Kevin Sandow, Bruna Gigante, Alexander P. Reiner, Preeti Gupta, Heikki A. Koistinen, Treva Rice, Patricia B. Munroe, Wen-Jane Lee, Jennifer A. Brody, Paolo Gasparini, Paul W. Franks, Yik Ying Teo, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Thomas W. Winkler, Patricia A. Peyser, Ian J. Deary, Jessica D. Faul, Sing Hui Lim, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Xu Chen, Brian E. Cade, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, John C. Chambers, Tamar Sofer, E. Shyong Tai, Candace M Kammerer, Mary K. Wojczynski, Pim van der Harst, Marzyeh Amini, Jennifer G. Robinson, Erwin P. Bottinger, Alan B. Zonderman, Benjamin Lehne, M. Waldenberger, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Hugues Aschard, Ilaria Gandin, Kent D. Taylor, Igor Rudan, Christopher P. Nelson, John M. C. Connell, Jian'an Luan, Mickaël Canouil, Robert A. Scott, Yize Li, Marguerite R. Irvin, Sung, Yun Ju, de Las Fuentes, Lisa, Winkler, Thomas W, Chasman, Daniel I, Bentley, Amy R, Kraja, Aldi T, Ntalla, Ioanna, Warren, Helen R, Guo, Xiuqing, Schwander, Karen, Manning, Alisa K, Brown, Michael R, Aschard, Hugue, Feitosa, Mary F, Franceschini, Nora, Lu, Yingchang, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Sim, Xueling, Vojinovic, Dina, Marten, Jonathan, Musani, Solomon K, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O, Richard, Melissa A, Aslibekyan, Stella, Bartz, Traci M, Dorajoo, Rajkumar, Li, Changwei, Liu, Yongmei, Rankinen, Tuomo, Smith, Albert Vernon, Tajuddin, Salman M, Tayo, Bamidele O, Zhao, Wei, Zhou, Yanhua, Matoba, Nana, Sofer, Tamar, Alver, Mari, Amini, Marzyeh, Boissel, Mathilde, Chai, Jin Fang, Chen, Xu, Divers, Jasmin, Gandin, Ilaria, Gao, Chuan, Giulianini, Franco, Goel, Anuj, Harris, Sarah E, Hartwig, Fernando P, He, Meian, Horimoto, Andrea R V R, Hsu, Fang-Chi, Jackson, Anne U, Kammerer, Candace M, Kasturiratne, Anuradhani, Komulainen, Pirjo, Kühnel, Brigitte, Leander, Karin, Lee, Wen-Jane, Lin, Keng-Hung, Luan, Jian'An, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Mckenzie, Colin A, Nelson, Christopher P, Noordam, Raymond, Scott, Robert A, Sheu, Wayne H H, Stančáková, Alena, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, van der Most, Peter J, Varga, Tibor V, Waken, Robert J, Wang, Heming, Wang, Yajuan, Ware, Erin B, Weiss, Stefan, Wen, Wanqing, Yanek, Lisa R, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Afaq, Saima, Alfred, Tamuno, Amin, Najaf, Arking, Dan E, Aung, Tin, Barr, R Graham, Bielak, Lawrence F, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bottinger, Erwin P, Braund, Peter S, Brody, Jennifer A, Broeckel, Ulrich, Cade, Brian, Campbell, Archie, Canouil, Mickaël, Chakravarti, Aravinda, Cocca, Massimiliano, Collins, Francis S, Connell, John M, de Mutsert, Renée, de Silva, H Janaka, Dörr, Marcu, Duan, Qing, Eaton, Charles B, Ehret, Georg, Evangelou, Evangelo, Faul, Jessica D, Forouhi, Nita G, Franco, Oscar H, Friedlander, Yechiel, Gao, He, Gigante, Bruna, Gu, C Charle, Gupta, Preeti, Hagenaars, Saskia P, Harris, Tamara B, He, Jiang, Heikkinen, Sami, Heng, Chew-Kiat, Hofman, Albert, Howard, Barbara V, Hunt, Steven C, Irvin, Marguerite R, Jia, Yucheng, Katsuya, Tomohiro, Kaufman, Joel, Kerrison, Nicola D, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Koh, Woon-Puay, Koistinen, Heikki A, Kooperberg, Charles B, Krieger, Jose E, Kubo, Michiaki, Kutalik, Zoltan, Kuusisto, Johanna, Lakka, Timo A, Langefeld, Carl D, Langenberg, Claudia, Launer, Lenore J, Lee, Joseph H, Lehne, Benjamin, Levy, Daniel, Lewis, Cora E, Li, Yize, Lim, Sing Hui, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Jianjun, Liu, Jingmin, Liu, Yeheng, Loh, Marie, Lohman, Kurt K, Louie, Tin, Mägi, Reedik, Matsuda, Koichi, Meitinger, Thoma, Metspalu, Andre, Milani, Lili, Momozawa, Yukihide, Mosley, Thomas H, Nalls, Mike A, Nasri, Ubaydah, O'Connell, Jeff R, Ogunniyi, Adesola, Palmas, Walter R, Palmer, Nicholette D, Pankow, James S, Pedersen, Nancy L, Peters, Annette, Peyser, Patricia A, Polasek, Ozren, Porteous, David, Raitakari, Olli T, Renström, Frida, Rice, Treva K, Ridker, Paul M, Robino, Antonietta, Robinson, Jennifer G, Rose, Lynda M, Rudan, Igor, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Salako, Babatunde L, Sandow, Kevin, Schmidt, Carsten O, Schreiner, Pamela J, Scott, William R, Sever, Peter, Sims, Mario, Sitlani, Colleen M, Smith, Blair H, Smith, Jennifer A, Snieder, Harold, Starr, John M, Strauch, Konstantin, Tang, Hua, Taylor, Kent D, Teo, Yik Ying, Tham, Yih Chung, Uitterlinden, André G, Waldenberger, Melanie, Wang, Lihua, Wang, Ya Xing, Wei, Wen Bin, Wilson, Gregory, Wojczynski, Mary K, Xiang, Yong-Bing, Yao, Jie, Yuan, Jian-Min, Zonderman, Alan B, Becker, Diane M, Boehnke, Michael, Bowden, Donald W, Chambers, John C, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Weir, David R, de Faire, Ulf, Deary, Ian J, Esko, Tõnu, Farrall, Martin, Forrester, Terrence, Freedman, Barry I, Froguel, Philippe, Gasparini, Paolo, Gieger, Christian, Horta, Bernardo Lessa, Hung, Yi-Jen, Jonas, Jost Bruno, Kato, Norihiro, Kooner, Jaspal S, Laakso, Markku, Lehtimäki, Terho, Liang, Kae-Woei, Magnusson, Patrik K E, Oldehinkel, Albertine J, Pereira, Alexandre C, Perls, Thoma, Rauramaa, Rainer, Redline, Susan, Rettig, Rainer, Samani, Nilesh J, Scott, Jame, Shu, Xiao-Ou, van der Harst, Pim, Wagenknecht, Lynne E, Wareham, Nicholas J, Watkins, Hugh, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R, Wu, Tangchun, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Laurie, Cathy C, Bouchard, Claude, Cooper, Richard S, Evans, Michele K, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hixson, Jame, Kardia, Sharon L R, Kritchevsky, Stephen B, Psaty, Bruce M, van Dam, Rob M, Arnett, Donna K, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, Fornage, Myriam, Fox, Ervin R, Hayward, Caroline, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Tai, E Shyong, Wong, Tien Yin, Loos, Ruth J F, Reiner, Alex P, Rotimi, Charles N, Bierut, Laura J, Zhu, Xiaofeng, Cupples, L Adrienne, Province, Michael A, Rotter, Jerome I, Franks, Paul W, Rice, Kenneth, Elliott, Paul, Caulfield, Mark J, Gauderman, W Jame, Munroe, Patricia B, Rao, Dabeeru C, Morrison, Alanna C, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Harbor UCLA Medical Center [Torrance, Ca.], Département de Biologie Computationnelle - Department of Computational Biology, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Harvard School of Public Health, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes - FR 3508 (EGID), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) (K25HL121091 to Y.J.S.), National Institutes of Health (R01HL118305), We thank anonymous reviewers for critical reading and providing constructive and insightful comments, which substantially improved the article. This project, like several other projects, was carried out as part of the CHARGE Gene–Lifestyle Interactions Working Group., Conflict of Interest statement. The authors declare no competing financial interests except for the following: B.M.P. serves on the Data and Safety Monitoring Board of a clinical trial funded by the manufacturer (Zoll LifeCor) and on the Steering Committee of the Yale Open Data Access Project funded by Johnson & Johnson, O.H.F. received grants from Metagenics (on women’s health and epigenetics) and from Nestle (on child health), L.J.B. is listed as an inventor on Issued U.S. Patent 8,080,371,‘Markers for Addiction’ covering the use of certain SNPs in determining the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of addiction, P.S. has received research awards from Pfizer Inc, J.B.J. is a consultant for Mundipharma Co. (Cambridge, UK), Patent holder with Biocompatibles UK Ltd (Franham, Surrey, UK) (title: treatment of eye diseases using encapsulated cells encoding and secreting neuroprotective factor and/or anti-angiogenic factor, Patent number: 20120263794) and Patent application with University of Heidelberg (Heidelberg, Germany) (title: agents for use in the therapeutic or prophylactic treatment of myopia or hyperopia, Europäische Patentanmeldung 15000771.4), P.W.F. has been a paid consultant for Eli Lilly and Sanofi Aventis and has received research support from several pharmaceutical companies as part of a European Union Innovative Medicines Initiative project, M.A.N.'s participation is supported by a consulting contract between Data Tecnica International and the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA, M.A.N. also consults for Illumina Inc, the Michael J. Fox Foundation and University of California Healthcare among others, and M.J. C. is chief scientist for Genomics England, a UK government company., Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Européen de Génomique du Diabète - European Genomic Institute for Diabetes - FR 3508 (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), University Management, Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, HUS Abdominal Center, Endokrinologian yksikkö, Marten, Jonathan [0000-0001-6916-2014], Luan, Jian'an [0000-0003-3137-6337], Zhao, Jing Hua [0000-0003-4930-3582], Forouhi, Nita [0000-0002-5041-248X], Langenberg, Claudia [0000-0002-5017-7344], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Medical Research Council (MRC)
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Male ,Receptors, Vasopressin ,multi-ancestry ,Genome-wide association study ,Blood Pressure ,HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR AHR ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Antiporters ,gene-smoking interaction ,0302 clinical medicine ,Polymorphism (computer science) ,genome-wide study ,Ethnicity ,OXIDATIVE STRESS ,Association Studies Article ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,Genetics (clinical) ,Genetics & Heredity ,Genetics ,ddc:616 ,Aged, 80 and over ,0303 health sciences ,[STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP] ,DEPENDENT HYPERTENSION ,CARDIOVASCULAR RISK ,Smoking ,1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology ,General Medicine ,ASSOCIATION ,Middle Aged ,Caspase 9 ,3. Good health ,Pulse pressure ,ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION ,Sulfate Transporters ,T-CADHERIN ,Hypertension ,Female ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,[STAT.ME]Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME] ,Adult ,Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ,Mean arterial pressure ,Adolescent ,Diastole ,Biology ,elevated blood pressure ,gene-smoking interactions ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Insulin resistance ,Lifelines Cohort Study ,medicine ,Humans ,Arterial Pressure ,Molecular Biology ,METAANALYSIS ,030304 developmental biology ,Aged ,Science & Technology ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,Tumor Suppressor Proteins ,Racial Groups ,Membrane Proteins ,06 Biological Sciences ,SYSTOLIC BLOOD-PRESSURE ,BODY-MASS INDEX ,medicine.disease ,Blood pressure ,[SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics ,Heart failure ,1182 Biochemistry, cell and molecular biology ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Gene-Environment Interaction ,[INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM] ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
Elevated blood pressure (BP), a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, is influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors. Cigarette smoking is one such lifestyle factor. Across five ancestries, we performed a genome-wide gene–smoking interaction study of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP) in 129 913 individuals in stage 1 and follow-up analysis in 480 178 additional individuals in stage 2. We report here 136 loci significantly associated with MAP and/or PP. Of these, 61 were previously published through main-effect analysis of BP traits, 37 were recently reported by us for systolic BP and/or diastolic BP through gene–smoking interaction analysis and 38 were newly identified (P
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- 2019
10. On the Relationship between Exposure to Particles and Dustiness during Handling of Powders in Industrial Settings
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María Cruz Minguillón, Jordi Díaz, Mar Viana, Dirk Dahmann, Sara Estupiñá, Joan Mendoza, Eliseo Monfort, Carla Ribalta, A. López-Lilao, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Viana, Mar, Minguillón, María Cruz, Ribalta, Carla, This research was funded by the Spanish MINECO (CGL2015-66777-C2-1-R, 2-R), Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2014 SGR33, the Spanish Ministry of the Environment (13CAES006) and FEDER (European Regional Development Fund) 'Una manera de hacer Europa'. M.C. Minguillón acknowledges the Ramón y Cajal Fellowship awarded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness. The authors also acknowledge the company MOLARIS for their support with technical information on the mill used., Viana, Mar [0000-0002-4073-3802], Minguillón, María Cruz [0000-0002-5464-0391], and Ribalta, Carla [0000-0002-0842-5842]
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exposure assessment ,Particle number ,Air Pollutants, Occupational ,indoor air ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dustiness ,Prediction of exposure ,Occupational Exposure ,Ultrafine particle ,airborne dust ,Airborne dust ,Humans ,Industry ,Particle Size ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Exposure assessment ,particulate matter ,Inhalation Exposure ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Dust ,Quartz ,Nanostructured materials ,Particulates ,Silicon Dioxide ,Pulp and paper industry ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Nanostructures ,industrial settings ,Ultrafine particles ,Rotating drum ,Environmental science ,Nanoparticles ,nanoparticles ,Particle size ,Powders ,prediction of exposure ,Particulate matter ,Mass fraction ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Exposure to ceramic powders, which is frequent during handling operations, is known to cause adverse health effects. Finding proxy parameters to quantify exposure is useful for efficient and timely exposure assessments. Worker exposure during handling of five materials [a silica sand (SI1), three quartzes (Q1, Q2, and Q3), and a kaolin (K1)] with different particle shape (prismatic and platy) and sizes (3.4-120 μm) was assessed. Materials handling was simulated using a dry pendular mill under two different energy settings (low and high). Three repetitions of two kilos of material were carried out per material and energy conditions with a flow rate of 8-11 kg h -1 . The performance of the dustiness index as a predictor of worker exposure was evaluated correlating material's dustiness indexes (with rotating drum and continuous drop) with exposure concentrations. Significant impacts on worker exposure in terms of inhalable and respirable mass fractions were detected for all materials. Mean inhalable mass concentrations during background were always lower than 40 μg m -3 whereas during material handling under high energy settings mean concentrations were 187, 373, 243, 156, and 430 μg m -3 for SI1, Q1, Q2, Q3, and K1, respectively. Impacts were not significant with regard to particle number concentration: background particle number concentrations ranged between 10 620 and 46 421 cm -3 while during handling under high energy settings they were 20 880 - 40 498 cm -3 . Mean lung deposited surface area during background ranged between 27 and 101 μm 2 cm -3 whereas it ranged between 22 and 42 μm 2 cm -3 during materials handling. TEM images evidenced the presence of nanoparticles (≤100 nm) in the form of aggregates (300 nm-1 μm) in the worker area, and a slight reduction on mean particle size during handling was detected. Dustiness and exposure concentrations showed a high degree of correlation (R 2 = 0.77-0.97) for the materials and operating conditions assessed, suggesting that dustiness could be considered a relevant predictor for workplace exposure. Nevertheless, the relationship between dustiness and exposure is complex and should be assessed for each process, taking into account not only material behaviour but also energy settings and workplace characteristics. © The Author(s) 2018., This research was funded by the Spanish MINECO (CGL2015-66777-C2-1-R, 2-R), Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2014 SGR33, the Spanish Ministry of the Environment (13CAES006) and FEDER (European Regional Development Fund) “Una manera de hacer Europa”. M.C. Minguillón acknowledges the Ramón y Cajal Fellowship awarded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness. The authors also acknowledge the company MOLARIS for their support with technical information on the mill used. The authors declare no conflict of interest relating to the material presented in this article.
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- 2019
11. Cyto- and genotoxicity evaluation of water samples collected from two rivers in the Kosovo.
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Asllani FH, Alija AJ, Eckl PM, and Bresgen N
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River water in Kosovo is exposed to various discharges from industrial and agricultural activities as well as to urban wastewater. Rivers Sitnica and Drenica are among the most affected ones and water samples drawn from these rivers show the presence of various toxic substances. Genotoxic effects are seen in fish living in these rivers indicating a cytotoxic and mutagenic potential of the river water. Aiming at substantiating these observations, we assessed cyto- and genotoxic effects of water samples collected at different locations from Drenica and Sitnica river. Samples drawn from Lake Badovc served for comparison. To address seasonal effects, samples were collected at different seasons/time points during the period summer 2016 - spring 2018. The water samples were analyzed employing primary rat hepatocytes as reliable in vitro cell model for the assessment of cytotoxic effects (mitotic arrest and cell death) and DNA damage/genotoxicity (micronucleus assay, Comet assay). The results do not account for significant effects associated with specific locations but demonstrate seasonal differences of the genotoxic potential of the water samples collected along both rivers, which are accompanied by a limited cytotoxic potential. Our data provide substantial support to earlier observations and strongly warrant the need for continuous chemical as well as biological monitoring of the river water in Kosovo, focusing on an improved toxicant profiling of the river water and investigations addressing the observed seasonal variations., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the UK Environmental Mutagen Society. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2024
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12. Correction to: Pressure-Corrected Carotid Stiffness and Young's Modulus: Evaluation in an Outpatient Clinic Setting.
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van der Bruggen M, Spronck B, Bos S, Heusinkveld MHG, Taddei S, Ghiadoni L, Delhaas T, Maria Bruno R, and Reesink KD
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- 2024
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13. Factors associated with bone erosion in patients with gout: A dual-energy gemstone spectral imaging computed tomography study.
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Liu X, Li B, Zhang X, Mo S, Liang D, and Zhu J
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- Bone and Bones, Humans, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Uric Acid, Arthritis, Gouty, Gout complications, Gout diagnostic imaging
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Objectives: This study aimed to assess the factors influencing bone erosion (BE) in patients with gout using dual-energy gemstone spectral imaging computer tomography., Methods: We compared the clinical data, laboratory indices, and tissue urate levels at the monosodium urate (MSU) bone interface measured by dual-energy gemstone spectral imaging computed tomography of 87 gout patients with (n = 41) and without (n = 46) BE. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors associated with BE., Results: In total, 47.1% of patients with gout had BE. The disease duration, serum uric acid, tissue urate levels, and the presence of tophi were significantly higher (p < .05) in gout patients with BE than in those without BE. Longer disease duration (odds ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval: 1.00-1.24, p < .05) and increased tissue urate levels (odds ratio = 1.01, 95% confidence interval: 1.00-1.02, p < .05) were independently associated with BE. Tissue urate levels at the MSU-bone interface were correlated with the presence of tophi (r = 0.62, p < .001), BE (r = 0.51, p < .001), renal calculus (r = 0.24, p = .03), and serum uric acid levels (r = 0.23, p = .03)., Conclusions: This study found that longer disease duration and elevated tissue urate concentrations at the MSU-bone interface were associated with BE in patients with gout., (© Japan College of Rheumatology 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2022
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14. On the Quest of Risk Stratification in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.
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Polley MC
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- Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Female, Humans, Receptor, ErbB-2, Risk Assessment, Breast Neoplasms genetics
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- 2022
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15. Videos of Sipuleucel-T Programmed T Cells Lysing Cells That Express Prostate Cancer Target Antigens.
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Kibel AS, Inman BA, Pachynski RK, Vu T, Sheikh NA, and Petrylak DP
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- Humans, Immunotherapy, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Male, Prostate pathology, Tissue Extracts pharmacology, Tissue Extracts therapeutic use, United States, Cancer Vaccines therapeutic use, Prostatic Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Sipuleucel-T, an autologous cellular immunotherapy, was approved to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in 2010 in the United States. Treatment with sipuleucel-T primes the immune system to target prostate acid phosphatase, which is expressed by prostate cancer cells, potentially leading to lysis of cancer cells. Expanding on previously reported indirect evidence of cell killing with sipuleucel-T treatment, we sought to provide direct evidence of cell lysis through visualization. We used advanced video technology and available samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from subjects enrolled in the STAMP trial (NCT01487863). Isolated CD8+ T cells were used as effector cells and cocultured with autologous monocytes pulsed with control or target antigens. Differentially stained effector and target cells were then video recorded during coculture. Here, we present video recordings and analyses of T cells from sipuleucel-T-treated subjects showing-for the first time-direct lysis of cells that express prostate cancer target antigens, prostate acid phosphatase, or prostate-specific antigen., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press.)
- Published
- 2022
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16. Non-target impacts of fungicide disturbance on phyllosphere yeasts in conventional and no-till management.
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Noel ZA, Longley R, Benucci GMN, Trail F, Chilvers MI, and Bonito G
- Abstract
Fungicides reduce fungal pathogen populations and are essential to food security. Understanding the impacts of fungicides on crop microbiomes is vital to minimizing unintended consequences while maintaining their use for plant protection. However, fungicide disturbance of plant microbiomes has received limited attention, and has not been examined in different agricultural management systems. We used amplicon sequencing of fungi and prokaryotes in maize and soybean microbiomes before and after foliar fungicide application in leaves and roots from plots under long-term no-till and conventional tillage management. We examined fungicide disturbance and resilience, which revealed consistent non-target effects and greater resiliency under no-till management. Fungicides lowered pathogen abundance in maize and soybean and decreased the abundance of Tremellomycetes yeasts, especially Bulleribasidiaceae, including core microbiome members. Fungicide application reduced network complexity in the soybean phyllosphere, which revealed altered co-occurrence patterns between yeast species of Bulleribasidiaceae, and Sphingomonas and Hymenobacter in fungicide treated plots. Results indicate that foliar fungicides lower pathogen and non-target fungal abundance and may impact prokaryotes indirectly. Treatment effects were confined to the phyllosphere and did not impact belowground microbial communities. Overall, these results demonstrate the resilience of no-till management to fungicide disturbance, a potential novel ecosystem service provided by no-till agriculture.
- Published
- 2022
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17. Quantitative Proteome and PTMome Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana Root Responses to Persistent Osmotic and Salinity Stress.
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Rodriguez MC, Mehta D, Tan M, and Uhrig RG
- Subjects
- Acetylation, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Lysine metabolism, Phosphorylation, Plant Roots physiology, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Proteomics methods, Arabidopsis physiology, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Osmotic Pressure, Plant Roots metabolism, Salt Stress
- Abstract
Abiotic stresses such as drought result in large annual economic losses around the world. As sessile organisms, plants cannot escape the environmental stresses they encounter but instead must adapt to survive. Studies investigating plant responses to osmotic and/or salt stress have largely focused on short-term systemic responses, leaving our understanding of intermediate to longer-term adaptation (24 h to d) lacking. In addition to protein abundance and phosphorylation changes, evidence suggests reversible lysine acetylation may also be important for abiotic stress responses. Therefore, to characterize the protein-level effects of osmotic and salt stress, we undertook a label-free proteomic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana roots exposed to 300 mM mannitol and 150 mM NaCl for 24 h. We assessed protein phosphorylation, lysine acetylation and changes in protein abundance, detecting significant changes in 245, 35 and 107 total proteins, respectively. Comparison with available transcriptome data indicates that transcriptome- and proteome-level changes occur in parallel, while post-translational modifications (PTMs) do not. Further, we find significant changes in PTMs, and protein abundance involve different proteins from the same networks, indicating a multifaceted regulatory approach to prolonged osmotic and salt stress. In particular, we find extensive protein-level changes involving sulfur metabolism under both osmotic and salt conditions as well as changes in protein kinases and transcription factors that may represent new targets for drought stress signaling. Collectively, we find that protein-level changes continue to occur in plant roots 24 h from the onset of osmotic and salt stress and that these changes differ across multiple proteome levels., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2021
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18. Genotypic vs Phenotypic Risk Assessment for Melanoma.
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Sargen MR and Tucker MA
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- Genotype, Humans, Risk Assessment, Melanoma epidemiology, Melanoma genetics
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- 2021
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19. Do Breast Cancer Risk Scores Work for You?
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Houlahan KE
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Risk Factors, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology
- Published
- 2021
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20. Ethylene response factors regulate expression of HbSUT3, the sucrose influx carrier in laticifers of Hevea brasiliensis.
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Zhang Y, Xin L, Pirrello J, Fang Y, Yang J, Qi J, Montoro P, and Tang C
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- Ethylenes, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Latex, Plant Proteins genetics, Plant Proteins metabolism, Sucrose, Hevea genetics, Hevea metabolism
- Abstract
Natural rubber is an important industrial raw material and is commercially produced by rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis). The sucrose transporter HbSUT3 plays an essential role in rubber production. Its expression in latex (cytoplasm of rubber-producing laticifers) is induced by bark treatment with Ethrel, an ethylene releaser, and the inducing effect correlates well with Ethrel-stimulated rubber yield increase. However, the mechanisms of ethylene induction on HbSUT3 expression are not known. Here, five Ethylene Response Factor (ERF) genes were identified from the cDNA library of Hevea latex by yeast one-hybrid screening with the promoter of HbSUT3 gene as bait. As revealed in a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) protoplast transient expression system, these HbERFs were mainly localized in the nucleus and four of them exhibited apparent transactivation activity. Of the five HbERF genes, HbERF-IXc4 was the most frequently screened in yeast one-hybrid, accounting for 65% of the ERF clones obtained. Moreover, among the five HbERFs, HbERF-IXc4 showed the strongest transactivation capacity when expressed in tobacco protoplast, the highest transcript abundance in latex and a close expressional correlation with its target gene, HbSUT3, in response to the Ethrel treatment. Taken together, our results indicate that ERFs, especially HbERF-IXc4, are critically involved in the activation of HbSUT3 expression in latex after Ethrel treatment on Hevea bark, and thus the stimulated latex yield., (Published by Oxford University Press 2021.)
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- 2021
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21. Association of Intrapartum Risk Factors and Infant Clinical Indicators with Culture Confirmed Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis in a Secondary Care Rural Hospital in India.
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Gandra S, Ranga SK, Hendrixson DT, Nayakanti RR, Newland JG, Alvarez-Uria G, and Jinka DR
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- Female, Hospitals, Rural, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Parturition, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Secondary Care, Neonatal Sepsis diagnosis, Neonatal Sepsis epidemiology, Sepsis
- Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the association of intrapartum risk factors and infant clinical indicators using the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) criteria with culture-positive early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) from a rural secondary healthcare facility where intrapartum prophylactic antibiotics are routinely administered to high-risk mothers., Methods: A single-center prospective observational study was conducted between July 2017 and September 2018. All intramural neonates with at least one NICE criteria at less than 72 h of life, were included. Univariate logistic regression and multivariable logistic backward elimination analyses were conducted to investigate individual risk factors and predictive models for culture proven EONS., Results: Of 236 newborns who were at risk for EONS by NICE criteria, 32 (13.8%) had positive blood cultures. Klebsiella species (n = 13, 39.4%) and Acinetobacter species (n = 11, 33.3%) were the most common isolated bacteria. In univariate analysis, the number of infant clinical indicators were associated with culture positive EONS (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.01-1.81), but not the number of intrapartum risk factors (OR 0.76; 95% CI 0.4-1.29). The multivariate logistic regression with backward elimination procedure suggested that a model including absolute neutrophil count [adjusted OR (aOR) 0.81; 95% CI 0.72-0.92], C-reactive protein (aOR 1.24; 95% CI 1.08-1.43) and the number of clinical indicators (aOR 1.29; 95% CI 0.93-1.80) could be useful to predict culture positive EONS in our setting., Conclusion: In this maternal and neonatal cohort, infant clinical indicators rather than intrapartum risk factors were associated with culture confirmed EONS., (© The Author(s) [2020]. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2021
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22. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Americans Aboard the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship.
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Plucinski MM, Wallace M, Uehara A, Kurbatova EV, Tobolowsky FA, Schneider ZD, Ishizumi A, Bozio CH, Kobayashi M, Toda M, Stewart A, Wagner RL, Moriarty LF, Murray R, Queen K, Tao Y, Paden C, Mauldin MR, Zhang J, Li Y, Elkins CA, Lu X, Herzig CTA, Novak R, Bower W, Medley AM, Acosta AM, Knust B, Cantey PT, Pesik NT, Halsey ES, Cetron MS, Tong S, Marston BJ, and Friedman CR
- Subjects
- Diamond, Disease Outbreaks, Humans, Quarantine, SARS-CoV-2, Travel, United States epidemiology, COVID-19, Ships
- Abstract
Background: The Diamond Princess cruise ship was the site of a large outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Of 437 Americans and their travel companions on the ship, 114 (26%) tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)., Methods: We interviewed 229 American passengers and crew after disembarkation following a ship-based quarantine to identify risk factors for infection and characterize transmission onboard the ship., Results: The attack rate for passengers in single-person cabins or without infected cabinmates was 18% (58/329), compared with 63% (27/43) for those sharing a cabin with an asymptomatic infected cabinmate, and 81% (25/31) for those with a symptomatic infected cabinmate. Whole genome sequences from specimens from passengers who shared cabins clustered together. Of 66 SARS-CoV-2-positive American travelers with complete symptom information, 14 (21%) were asymptomatic while on the ship. Among SARS-CoV-2-positive Americans, 10 (9%) required intensive care, of whom 7 were ≥70 years., Conclusions: Our findings highlight the high risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission on cruise ships. High rates of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in cabinmates of individuals with asymptomatic infections suggest that triage by symptom status in shared quarters is insufficient to halt transmission. A high rate of intensive care unit admission among older individuals complicates the prospect of future cruise travel during the pandemic, given typical cruise passenger demographics. The magnitude and severe outcomes of this outbreak were major factors contributing to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's decision to halt cruise ship travel in US waters in March 2020., (Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2020.)
- Published
- 2021
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23. Cardiovascular Care of the Oncology Patient During COVID-19: An Expert Consensus Document From the ACC Cardio-Oncology and Imaging Councils.
- Author
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Baldassarre LA, Yang EH, Cheng RK, DeCara JM, Dent S, Liu JE, Rudski LG, Strom JB, Thavendiranathan P, Barac A, Zaha VG, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Ellahham S, Deswal A, Lenneman C, Villarraga HR, Blaes AH, Ismail-Khan R, Ky B, Leja MJ, and Scherrer-Crosbie M
- Subjects
- COVID-19 transmission, COVID-19 virology, Cardiotoxicity diagnosis, Cardiotoxicity virology, Cardiovascular Diseases diagnosis, Cardiovascular Diseases virology, Expert Testimony, Humans, Neoplasms diagnosis, Neoplasms virology, COVID-19 complications, Cardiotoxicity therapy, Cardiovascular Diseases therapy, Diagnostic Imaging methods, Neoplasms therapy, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification
- Abstract
In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Cardio-Oncology and Imaging Councils of the American College of Cardiology offers recommendations to clinicians regarding the cardiovascular care of cardio-oncology patients in this expert consensus statement. Cardio-oncology patients-individuals with an active or prior cancer history and with or at risk of cardiovascular disease-are a rapidly growing population who are at increased risk of infection, and experiencing severe and/or lethal complications by COVID-19. Recommendations for optimizing screening and monitoring visits to detect cardiac dysfunction are discussed. In addition, judicious use of multimodality imaging and biomarkers are proposed to identify myocardial, valvular, vascular, and pericardial involvement in cancer patients. The difficulties of diagnosing the etiology of cardiovascular complications in patients with cancer and COVID-19 are outlined, along with weighing the advantages against risks of exposure, with the modification of existing cardiovascular treatments and cardiotoxicity surveillance in patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2021
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24. The Anatomy and Physiology of Teaming in Cancer Care Delivery: A Conceptual Framework.
- Author
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Verhoeven DC, Chollette V, Lazzara EH, Shuffler ML, Osarogiagbon RU, and Weaver SJ
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- Delivery of Health Care methods, Group Processes, Humans, Interdisciplinary Communication, Lung Neoplasms diagnosis, Lung Neoplasms radiotherapy, Male, Middle Aged, Quality Improvement, Radiosurgery, Research, Treatment Outcome, Congresses as Topic, Delivery of Health Care organization & administration, Neoplasms therapy, Patient Care Team organization & administration
- Abstract
Care coordination challenges for patients with cancer continue to grow as expanding treatment options, multimodality treatment regimens, and an aging population with comorbid conditions intensify demands for multidisciplinary cancer care. Effective teamwork is a critical yet understudied cornerstone of coordinated cancer care delivery. For example, comprehensive lung cancer care involves a clinical "team of teams"-or clinical multiteam system (MTS)-coordinating decisions and care across specialties, providers, and settings. The teamwork processes within and between these teams lay the foundation for coordinated care. Although the need to work as a team and coordinate across disciplinary, organizational, and geographic boundaries increases, evidence identifying and improving the teamwork processes underlying care coordination and delivery among the multiple teams involved remains sparse. This commentary synthesizes MTS structure characteristics and teamwork processes into a conceptual framework called the cancer MTS framework to advance future cancer care delivery research addressing evidence gaps in care coordination. Included constructs were identified from published frameworks, discussions at the 2016 National Cancer Institute-American Society of Clinical Oncology Teams in Cancer Care Workshop, and expert input. A case example in lung cancer provided practical grounding for framework refinement. The cancer MTS framework identifies team structure variables and teamwork processes affecting cancer care delivery, related outcomes, and contextual variables hypothesized to influence coordination within and between the multiple clinical teams involved. We discuss how the framework might be used to identify care delivery research gaps, develop hypothesis-driven research examining clinical team functioning, and support conceptual coherence across studies examining teamwork and care coordination and their impact on cancer outcomes., (Published by Oxford University Press 2020.)
- Published
- 2021
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25. Cryptic Patterns of Speciation in Cryptic Primates: Microendemic Mouse Lemurs and the Multispecies Coalescent.
- Author
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Poelstra JW, Salmona J, Tiley GP, Schüßler D, Blanco MB, Andriambeloson JB, Bouchez O, Campbell CR, Etter PD, Hohenlohe PA, Hunnicutt KE, Iribar A, Johnson EA, Kappeler PM, Larsen PA, Manzi S, Ralison JM, Randrianambinina B, Rasoloarison RM, Rasolofoson DW, Stahlke AR, Weisrock DW, Williams RC, Chikhi L, Louis EE, Radespiel U, and Yoder AD
- Subjects
- Animals, DNA, Mitochondrial genetics, Ecosystem, Fossils, Phylogeny, Cheirogaleidae classification, Cheirogaleidae genetics, Genetic Speciation
- Abstract
Mouse lemurs (Microcebus) are a radiation of morphologically cryptic primates distributed throughout Madagascar for which the number of recognized species has exploded in the past two decades. This taxonomic revision has prompted understandable concern that there has been substantial oversplitting in the mouse lemur clade. Here, we investigate mouse lemur diversity in a region in northeastern Madagascar with high levels of microendemism and predicted habitat loss. We analyzed RADseq data with multispecies coalescent (MSC) species delimitation methods for two pairs of sister lineages that include three named species and an undescribed lineage previously identified to have divergent mtDNA. Marked differences in effective population sizes, levels of gene flow, patterns of isolation-by-distance, and species delimitation results were found among the two pairs of lineages. Whereas all tests support the recognition of the presently undescribed lineage as a separate species, the species-level distinction of two previously described species, M. mittermeieri and M. lehilahytsara is not supported-a result that is particularly striking when using the genealogical discordance index (gdi). Nonsister lineages occur sympatrically in two of the localities sampled for this study, despite an estimated divergence time of less than 1 Ma. This suggests rapid evolution of reproductive isolation in the focal lineages and in the mouse lemur clade generally. The divergence time estimates reported here are based on the MSC calibrated with pedigree-based mutation rates and are considerably more recent than previously published fossil-calibrated relaxed-clock estimates. We discuss the possible explanations for this discrepancy, noting that there are theoretical justifications for preferring the MSC estimates in this case. [Cryptic species; effective population size; microendemism; multispecies coalescent; speciation; species delimitation.]., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2021
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26. Accuracy and Efficiency of Deep-Learning-Based Automation of Dual Stain Cytology in Cervical Cancer Screening.
- Author
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Wentzensen N, Lahrmann B, Clarke MA, Kinney W, Tokugawa D, Poitras N, Locke A, Bartels L, Krauthoff A, Walker J, Zuna R, Grewal KK, Goldhoff PE, Kingery JD, Castle PE, Schiffman M, Lorey TS, and Grabe N
- Subjects
- Adult, Artificial Intelligence, Automation, Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Colposcopy, Deep Learning trends, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Papillomaviridae pathogenicity, Papillomavirus Infections epidemiology, Papillomavirus Infections prevention & control, Papillomavirus Infections virology, Pregnancy, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms epidemiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms prevention & control, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms virology, Vaginal Smears methods, Cytodiagnosis, Early Detection of Cancer, Papillomavirus Infections diagnosis, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: With the advent of primary human papillomavirus testing followed by cytology for cervical cancer screening, visual interpretation of cytology slides remains the last subjective analysis step and suffers from low sensitivity and reproducibility., Methods: We developed a cloud-based whole-slide imaging platform with a deep-learning classifier for p16/Ki-67 dual-stained (DS) slides trained on biopsy-based gold standards. We compared it with conventional Pap and manual DS in 3 epidemiological studies of cervical and anal precancers from Kaiser Permanente Northern California and the University of Oklahoma comprising 4253 patients. All statistical tests were 2-sided., Results: In independent validation at Kaiser Permanente Northern California, artificial intelligence (AI)-based DS had lower positivity than cytology (P < .001) and manual DS (P < .001) with equal sensitivity and substantially higher specificity compared with both Pap (P < .001) and manual DS (P < .001), respectively. Compared with Pap, AI-based DS reduced referral to colposcopy by one-third (41.9% vs 60.1%, P < .001). At a higher cutoff, AI-based DS had similar performance to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions cytology, indicating a risk high enough to allow for immediate treatment. The classifier was robust, showing comparable performance in 2 cytology systems and in anal cytology., Conclusions: Automated DS evaluation removes the remaining subjective component from cervical cancer screening and delivers consistent quality for providers and patients. Moving from Pap to automated DS substantially reduces the number of colposcopies and also achieves excellent performance in a simulated fully vaccinated population. Through cloud-based implementation, this approach is globally accessible. Our results demonstrate that AI not only provides automation and objectivity but also delivers a substantial benefit for women by reduction of unnecessary colposcopies., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2021
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27. The Role of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Resectable Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma-An Institutional and National Analysis.
- Author
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Voigt SL, Raman V, Jawitz OK, Bishawi M, Yang CJ, Tong BC, D'Amico TA, and Harpole DH
- Subjects
- Aged, Cisplatin administration & dosage, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Intention to Treat Analysis, Male, Mesothelioma, Malignant mortality, Mesothelioma, Malignant pathology, Middle Aged, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Neoplasm Staging, North Carolina epidemiology, Pemetrexed administration & dosage, Pleural Neoplasms mortality, Pleural Neoplasms pathology, Propensity Score, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Mesothelioma, Malignant drug therapy, Mesothelioma, Malignant surgery, Pleural Neoplasms drug therapy, Pleural Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
Background: There is no standard of care with respect to the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in resectable malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). We performed an intention-to-treat analysis with data from a single institution and the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to identify whether the use of NAC impacts survival in resectable MPM., Methods: Patients with MPM who had surgery with curative intent at Duke University from 1995 to 2017 were selected, and the 2004-2015 NCDB was used to identify MPM patients with clinical stage I-IIIB who underwent definitive surgery. For both cohorts, patients were stratified by receipt of NAC. Primary outcomes were overall survival and postresection survival (RS), which were estimated using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models., Results: A total of 257 patients met inclusion criteria in the Duke cohort. Compared with immediate resection (IR), NAC was associated with similar overall survival but an increased risk for postresection mortality in both unmatched (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21 to 2.83) and propensity-matched (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.03 to 2.55) cohorts. A total of 1949 NCDB patients were included: 1597 (81.9%) IR and 352 (18.1%) NAC. RS was worse for patients undergoing NAC in both unmatched (HR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.21 to 2.83) and propensity-matched (HR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.57) analyses compared with patients receiving IR., Conclusions: In this intention-to-treat study, NAC was associated with worse RS compared with IR in patients with MPM. The risks and benefits of induction therapy should be weighed before offering it to patients with resectable MPM., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2020
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28. Recent Trends in the Incidence and Survival of Stage 1A Pancreatic Cancer: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Analysis.
- Author
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Blackford AL, Canto MI, Klein AP, Hruban RH, and Goggins M
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Aged, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal diagnosis, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal mortality, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal pathology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Pancreatic Neoplasms diagnosis, Pancreatic Neoplasms mortality, Pancreatic Neoplasms pathology, SEER Program, Survival Rate, United States epidemiology, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal epidemiology, Pancreatic Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Rapid access to pancreatic imaging and regular pancreatic surveillance may help identify stage I pancreatic cancer. We investigated recent trends in the stage of newly diagnosed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDACs), age at diagnosis, and survival., Methods: Trends in age-adjusted incidence of stage IA PDAC between 2004 and 2016 were determined from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. All tests were two-sided., Results: The incidence of stage IA PDAC cases diagnosed increased statistically significantly from 2004 to 2016 (annual percent change = 14.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 11.4 to 17.7; P < .001). During the study period, average age at diagnosis for stage IA and IB casesAQ3 declined by 3.5 years (95% CI = 1.2 to 5.9; P = .004) and 5.5 years (95% CI = 3.4 to 7.6; P < .001), whereas average age increased for higher-stage cases (by 0.6 to 1.4 years). Among stage IA cases, the proportion of blacks was smaller (10.2% vs 12.5%), and the proportion of other non-Caucasians was higher compared with higher-stage cases (11.9% vs 8.4%; P < .001). Stage IA cases were more likely to carry insurance (vs Medicaid or none) than higher-stage cases (cases aged younger than 65 years; odds ratio = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.96 to 3.06; P < .001). The 5-year overall survival for stage IA PDAC improved from 44.7% (95% CI = 31.4 to 63.7) in 2004 to 83.7% (95% CI = 78.6% to 89.2%) in 2012; 10-year survival improved from 36.7% (95% CI = 24.1 to 55.8) in 2004 to 49.0% (95% CI = 37.2% to 64.6%) in 2007., Conclusions: In recent years, the proportion of patients diagnosed with stage IA PDAC has increased, their average age at diagnosis has decreased, and their overall survival has improved. These trends may be the result of improved early diagnosis and early detection., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2020
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29. International Trends in the Incidence of Cancer Among Adolescents and Young Adults.
- Author
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Gupta S, Harper A, Ruan Y, Barr R, Frazier AL, Ferlay J, Steliarova-Foucher E, and Fidler-Benaoudia MM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Female, Global Health, Humans, Incidence, Male, Young Adult, Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Although adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancers represent a unique spectrum of malignancies, epidemiological studies of cancer incidence often group AYAs together with younger or older populations, obscuring patterns specific to this population., Methods: We examined AYA cancer incidence trends in 41 countries over a 15-year period using the CI5plus database. Truncated age-standardized incidence rates were calculated and the annual percentage change was assessed, with statistical significance corresponding to a 95% confidence interval that does not include zero., Results: From 1998 to 2012, the 41 included countries contributed a total of 1 846 588 cancer cases and 3.1 billion person-years among AYAs. Although statistically significant increases in the overall cancer burden were observed in 23 countries, the magnitude varied considerably, with the greatest increase in incidence observed in South Korea (annual percentage change2002-2012 = 8.5%, 95% confidence interval = 7.6% to 9.4%) due to thyroid cancer. Notable trends included sharp increases in the incidence of obesity-related malignancies among AYAs; indeed, statistically significant increases were observed among AYAs for 10 of 11 and 9 of 11 obesity-related cancer sites in the US and UK, respectively, with at least five obesity-related cancers statistically significantly increasing in Canada, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and the Netherlands. Other striking trends were noted for thyroid and testicular cancer, with statistically significantly increasing rates observed in 33 and 22 countries, respectively, whereas statistically significant declines in incidence were observed for smoking-related cancers, cervical cancer, and Kaposi sarcoma in many countries., Conclusions: Our results highlight the future health-care needs related to treatment as well as the urgency for public health initiatives that can mitigate the increasing burden of cancer in AYAs., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2020
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30. Just Culture Is Not "Just" Culture-It's Shifting Mindset.
- Author
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Foslien-Nash C and Reed B
- Subjects
- Health Facilities, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Texas, United States, Delivery of Health Care, Organizational Culture, Patient Safety
- Abstract
Health care and the Veterans Health Administration have adopted many initiatives to improve patient care, including efforts to create a "Just Culture" environment for patient safety and quality outcomes. Despite significant resources and efforts on these initiatives and some temporary improvements, we continue to struggle to make significant and sustainable improvements. At the Veterans Administration North Texas Health Care System, we see that our efforts have addressed the wrong thing. By focusing our efforts to shift the underlying mindset that drives behavior, we expect to create the foundation that will help us truly achieve a High Reliability and Just Culture organization that provides the care and outcomes our patients and staff deserve., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Exercise in the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) era: A Question and Answer session with the experts Endorsed by the section of Sports Cardiology & Exercise of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC).
- Author
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Bhatia RT, Marwaha S, Malhotra A, Iqbal Z, Hughes C, Börjesson M, Niebauer J, Pelliccia A, Schmied C, Serratosa L, Papadakis M, and Sharma S
- Subjects
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections prevention & control, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Humans, Pandemics prevention & control, Pneumonia, Viral prevention & control, Pneumonia, Viral transmission, SARS-CoV-2, Athletes, Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases virology, Coronavirus Infections complications, Exercise, Pneumonia, Viral complications, Sports, Sports Medicine
- Abstract
Regular exercise has multiple benefits for physical and mental health, including the body's ability to combat infections. The current COVID-19 pandemic and the social distancing measures employed to curtail the impact of the infection are likely to reduce the amount of usual physical activity being performed by most individuals, including habitual exercisers. The uncertainties relating to the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the heart may cause increased anxiety, particularly in athletes who need to sustain a vigorous exercise regime in order to maintain their skills and fitness in preparation for return to competition after a short re-training period. The aim of this document is to provide practical answers to pertinent questions being posed by the sporting community, in an attempt to offer reassurance, promote safe participation in exercise during as well as after the COVID-19 pandemic and provide a framework of management for physicians caring for athletes.
- Published
- 2020
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32. Comparison of cardiovascular metabolic characteristics and impact on COVID-19 and MERS.
- Author
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Li B, Jin X, Zhang T, Zhao Y, Tian F, Li Y, Yang J, Zhao F, and Li B
- Subjects
- Betacoronavirus pathogenicity, COVID-19, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Comorbidity, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Humans, Metabolic Syndrome epidemiology, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus pathogenicity, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology, Prevalence, SARS-CoV-2, Virulence, Cardiovascular Diseases complications, Coronavirus Infections complications, Metabolic Syndrome complications, Pneumonia, Viral complications
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- 2020
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33. HDL-C is associated with mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer in a J-shaped dose-response fashion: a pooled analysis of 37 prospective cohort studies.
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Zhong GC, Huang SQ, Peng Y, Wan L, Wu YQ, Hu TY, Hu JJ, and Hao FB
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- Biomarkers blood, Cardiovascular Diseases blood, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Cause of Death trends, Follow-Up Studies, Global Health, Humans, Neoplasms blood, Neoplasms mortality, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Survival Rate trends, Cardiovascular Diseases mortality, Cholesterol, HDL blood, Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Objective: The association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and mortality remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the potential dose-response associations between HDL-C levels and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer in the general population., Methods: PubMed and Embase were searched through April 2019. Prospective cohort studies reporting risk estimates of HDL-C levels and mortality were included. Linear and non-linear dose-response analyses were conducted. A random-effects model was employed to calculate pooled hazard ratio., Results: Thirty-seven studies, involving 3,524,505 participants and more than 612,027 deaths, were included. HDL-C level was found to be associated with mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer in a J-shaped dose-response pattern, with the lowest risk observed at HDL-C levels of 54-58 mg/dL, 68-71 mg/dL and 64-68 mg/dL, respectively. Compared with HDL-C level of 56 mg/dL, the pooled hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01, 1.05) and 1.10 (95% CI 1.09, 1.12) for each 10-mg/dL increase and decrease in HDL-C levels, respectively; furthermore, compared with the reference category, the pooled hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 1.21 (95% CI 1.09, 1.36) and 1.36 (95% CI 1.21, 1.53) for the highest and the lowest categories of HDL-C levels, respectively. Similar results were obtained for cardiovascular and cancer mortality., Conclusions: In the general population, HDL-C level is associated with mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer in a J-shaped dose-response manner; both extremely high and low HDL-C levels are associated with an increased risk of mortality.
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- 2020
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34. Anemia Screening in Naval Aviation: Is Hemoglobin a Better Indicator Than Hematocrit as the Primary Index?
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Nguyen WB, Wyse JM, Drollinger SM, and Cheng K
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- Female, Humans, Male, Cross-Sectional Studies, Florida, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Anemia diagnosis, Aviation, Health Status Indicators, Hematocrit methods, Hemoglobins metabolism, Military Personnel
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Introduction: Because of the rigorous mental and physical health requirements for Naval Aviation, all applicants and designated personnel must meet physical standards, including initial and periodic screening for anemia. Most standards, including for accession to the U.S. Navy, use hemoglobin as the standard marker to screen for anemia. Moreover, previous literature generally supports the assertion that hemoglobin is more reliable and accurate than hematocrit. However, the U.S. Navy Aeromedical Reference and Waiver Guide uses a hematocrit standard for anemia screening. The purpose of this study was to determine whether hemoglobin or hematocrit correlates better with clinical anemia and evaluate which index is a more accurate indicator for anemia screening in Naval Aviation personnel., Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of Naval Aviation applicants (N = 95) who were evaluated by the Human Performance and Aeromedical Qualifications department at Naval Aerospace Medical Institute Clinic in Pensacola, Florida, from January 1, 2015 to September 30, 2018. Data were collected from electronic medical records in a de-identified manner that included demographics, class designations, labs results, diagnoses, and final disposition. Logistic regression was used to analyze whether hemoglobin (using the U.S. Navy standard of 13.5 g/dL for men and 12.0 g/dL for women) or hematocrit (using the Naval Aviation standard of 40% for men and 37% for women) predicted the diagnosis of anemia for subjects having at least one lab sample (1-sample) and for those having three samples (3-samples). Sensitivity and specificity values were calculated for hemoglobin and hematocrit as tools to predict a diagnosis of anemia using the same standards in the 1-sample and 3-sample groups., Results: Data were collected for 95 subjects, 53 of whom had three sets of paired hemoglobin/hematocrit values. Using logistic regression, hemoglobin was found to be a statistically significant predictor of anemia for both the 1-sample group (odds ratio 3.4, confidence interval [1.130-10.196], P < 0.05) and the 3-sample group (odds ratio 10.5, confidence interval [1.776-62.580], P < 0.01). Hematocrit was not a significant predictor in either group. Hemoglobin was 80% sensitive and 52.3% specific for a diagnosis of anemia in the 1-sample group and 91.3% sensitive and 50.0% specific in the 3-samples group. Hematocrit was 86.7% sensitive and 35.4% specific for a diagnosis of anemia in the 1-sample group and 91.3% sensitive and 23.3% specific in the 3-samples group., Conclusions: This study found that hemoglobin correlates better with the diagnosis of anemia than hematocrit. When three samples are analyzed, hemoglobin is equally sensitive and more specific than hematocrit. Based on these results and the U.S. Navy accession standards using hemoglobin as the standard index for anemia, the U.S. Navy Aeromedical Reference and Waiver Guide should consider using hemoglobin instead of hematocrit to screen for anemia. Future research should focus on prospective research to determine whether hemoglobin or hematocrit is a better indicator of anemia in screening military personnel., (Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2019. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.)
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- 2020
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35. Efficacy of Medical Operations and Layout Planning Onboard Nontraditional US Navy Vessels at High Seas.
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Lindemann ENSC, Hoang T, Pierce E, Franciose R, Pena M, Wilson T, Bass C, Shattuck NL, and LaPorta AJ
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- Hospital Design and Construction methods, Hospital Design and Construction trends, Humans, Military Personnel statistics & numerical data, Naval Medicine methods, Naval Medicine standards, Ships instrumentation, Ships methods, Ships statistics & numerical data, Task Performance and Analysis, United States, Hospital Design and Construction standards, Naval Medicine instrumentation
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Introduction: Attempting to expedite delivery of care to wounded war fighters, this study aimed to quantify the ability of medical and surgical teams to perform lifesaving damage control and resuscitation procedures aboard nontraditional US Navy Vessels on high seas. Specifically, it looked at the ability of the teams to perform procedures in shipboard operating and emergency rooms by analyzing motion of personnel during the procedures., Methods: One hundred and twelve damage control and resuscitation procedures were performed during a voyage of the US Naval Ship Brunswick in transit from Norfolk, Virginia, to San Diego, California. The ability of personnel to perform these procedures was quantified by the use of motion link analysis designed to track the movement of each participant as they completed their assigned tasks., Results: The link analysis showed no significant change in the number of movements of participants from the beginning to the end of the study. However, there was a learning effect observed during the study, with teams completing tasks faster at the end of the study than at the beginning., Conclusion: This shows that the working conditions aboard the US Naval Ship Brunswick were satisfactory for the assigned tasks, indicating that these medical operations may be feasible aboard nontraditional US Navy vessels., (© Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2019. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2020
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36. Helping High School-Aged Military Dependents With Autism Gain Employment Through Project SEARCH + ASD Supports.
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Whittenburg HN, Schall CM, Wehman P, McDonough J, and DuBois T
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- Adolescent, Autistic Disorder therapy, Child, Education, Special methods, Education, Special statistics & numerical data, Employment statistics & numerical data, Female, Humans, Male, Autistic Disorder psychology, Employment standards, Military Family statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: Youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face high rates of unemployment, with unique challenges for military-dependent and -connected youth with ASD. This paper reports preliminary findings from Year One of a randomized waitlist controlled trial investigating the efficacy of the Project SEARCH + ASD Supports (PS + ASD) intervention model for military-dependent and -connected youth with ASD., Methods: Treatment group participants (n = 6) participated in internships at a military installation in the southeastern United States; waitlist group participants (n = 8) received special education transition services at their local high schools. Employment outcome data were collected at 12 months for both groups., Results: Fourteen unique internship experiences were developed across seven business partner organizations on the military installation during Year One. Five of six PS + ASD treatment group participants obtained competitive integrated employment for an overall employment rate of 83.3%. Four of the positions were federal jobs. None of the waitlist group participants obtained competitive integrated employment during the same period., Conclusions: Initial results are promising and suggest that the PS + ASD model may help to meet the transition needs of military-dependent and -connected youth with ASD and the employment needs of local military communities., (© Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2019. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2020
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37. Leptospirosis Seroconversion Surveillance Among US Marines Assigned to Japan, 2011-2015.
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Chen HW, Zhang Z, Belinskaya T, Williams M, and Ching WM
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- Adult, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods, Humans, Japan, Leptospira pathogenicity, Leptospirosis blood, Male, Population Surveillance methods, United States ethnology, Leptospirosis diagnosis, Military Personnel statistics & numerical data, Seroconversion drug effects
- Abstract
Introduction: Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic disease spread through contact with contaminated water/soil. The US soldiers at the military bases in these countries are extremely vulnerable, as most of them are immunologically naïve to the responsible pathogen. No recent sero-epidemiological data of leptospirosis among US Marines stationed in Japan were available., Materials and Methods: In this study, we analyzed the presence of leptospirosis in US Marines stationed in Japan. One thousand posttour sera samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Leptospira-specific Immunoglobulin G., Results: Among these 1,000 posttour samples, 85 of them were positive and corresponding pretour samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay also. Seroconversion occurred for 35 (3.5%) Marines during their assignment to Japan. These results also indicate that 50 Marine personnels were exposed to leptospires before their assignment to Japan, perhaps because of previous exposure to leptospires at home., Conclusion: The 5% rate of seroconversion in 2013 and 2014 suggests that leptospirosis is a potential threat for Marines in the endemic region in Japan., (© Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2019. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2020
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38. Survey of Occupational and Environmental Exposure Monitoring Solutions.
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Horne KM, Nichols JE, Logsdon D, Phipps H, Sanders S, Wojtyniak M, McKnight LTCJ, Vigneulle R, Jackson D, and Elliott J
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- Biological Monitoring methods, Biological Monitoring statistics & numerical data, Hazardous Substances adverse effects, Hazardous Substances analysis, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Wearable Electronic Devices trends, Biological Monitoring instrumentation, Environmental Exposure analysis, Occupational Exposure analysis
- Abstract
Introduction: Service members are exposed to ambient airborne pollutants that have been linked to adverse health effects; however, capabilities to identify and characterize exposures across multi-domain operations are currently lacking. Occupational and environmental exposure monitoring is problematic because there is not a single simple solution, and current technological limitations suggest that simultaneous deployment of multiple devices may be the most effective near-term strategy., Materials and Methods: A broad industry scan of wearable, handheld, or portable occupational and environmental exposure monitoring devices was conducted, and subject matter experts were interviewed about the state of the field., Results: This survey identified limitations including the inability to detect multiple analytes or analyte classes, size and weight, and detection limits, but multiple implementation strategies could be employed to meet a variety of combat needs. Device types could be layered, or specific device types could be deployed in acute toxic exposure environments such as dense urban population centers or subterranean spaces., Conclusions: Evolving technologies and data management strategies may advance personal exposure monitoring in the future. These new devices and methods will likely supplant current technologies, while still using the programmatic and data framework established with early implementation of current commercial off the shelf devices., (© Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2019. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2020
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39. Noncontact Speckle Contrast Diffuse Correlation Tomography of Blood Flow Distributions in Burn Wounds: A Preliminary Study.
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Zhao M, Mazdeyasna S, Huang C, Agochukwu-Nwubah N, Bonaroti A, Wong L, and Yu G
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- Analysis of Variance, Burns physiopathology, Hemodynamics physiology, Humans, Kentucky, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Abdomen blood supply, Burns complications
- Abstract
Introduction: Tissue injuries are often associated with abnormal blood flow (BF). The ability to assess BF distributions in injured tissues enables objective evaluation of interventions and holds the potential to improve the acute management of these injuries on battlefield., Materials and Methods: We have developed a novel speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography (scDCT) system for noncontact 3D imaging of tissue BF distributions. In scDCT, a galvo mirror was used to remotely project near-infrared point light to different source positions and an electron multiplying charge-coupled-device was used to detect boundary diffuse speckle contrasts. The normalized boundary data were then inserted into a modified Near-Infrared Fluorescence and Spectral Tomography program for 3D reconstructions of BF distributions. This article reports the first application of scDCT for noncontact 3D imaging of BF distributions in burn wounds., Results: Significant lower BF values were observed in the burned areas/volumes compared to surrounding normal tissues., Conclusions: The unique noncontact 3D imaging capability makes the scDCT applicable for intraoperative assessment of burns/wounds, without risk of infection and without interfering with sterility of the surgical field. The portable scDCT device holds the potential to be used by surgeons in combat surgical hospitals to improve the acute management of battlefield burn injuries., (© Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2019. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2020
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40. Comparative Plastome Analysis of Root- and Stem-Feeding Parasites of Santalales Untangle the Footprints of Feeding Mode and Lifestyle Transitions.
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Chen X, Fang D, Wu C, Liu B, Liu Y, Sahu SK, Song B, Yang S, Yang T, Wei J, Wang X, Zhang W, Xu Q, Wang H, Yuan L, Liao X, Chen L, Chen Z, Yuan F, Chang Y, Lu L, Yang H, Wang J, Xu X, Liu X, Wicke S, and Liu H
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- Codon Usage, DNA, Plant chemistry, Plant Roots parasitology, Plant Stems parasitology, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Evolution, Molecular, Genome, Plastid, Magnoliopsida genetics
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In plants, parasitism triggers the reductive evolution of plastid genomes (plastomes). To disentangle the molecular evolutionary associations between feeding on other plants below- or aboveground and general transitions from facultative to obligate parasitism, we analyzed 34 complete plastomes of autotrophic, root- and stem-feeding hemiparasitic, and holoparasitic Santalales. We observed inexplicable losses of housekeeping genes and tRNAs in hemiparasites and dramatic genomic reconfiguration in holoparasitic Balanophoraceae, whose plastomes have exceptionally low GC contents. Genomic changes are related primarily to the evolution of hemi- or holoparasitism, whereas the transition from a root- to a stem-feeding mode plays no major role. In contrast, the rate of molecular evolution accelerates in a stepwise manner from autotrophs to root- and then stem-feeding parasites. Already the ancestral transition to root-parasitism coincides with a relaxation of selection in plastomes. Another significant selectional shift in plastid genes occurs as stem-feeders evolve, suggesting that this derived form coincides with trophic specialization despite the retention of photosynthetic capacity. Parasitic Santalales fill a gap in our understanding of parasitism-associated plastome degeneration. We reveal that lifestyle-genome associations unfold interdependently over trophic specialization and feeding mode transitions, where holoparasitic Balanophoraceae provide a system for exploring the functional realms of plastomes., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.)
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- 2020
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41. Identifying Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment Using the FACT-Cog Perceived Cognitive Impairment.
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Dyk KV, Crespi CM, Petersen L, and Ganz PA
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Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a concerning problem for many cancer survivors. Evaluating patients for CRCI has been a challenge, in part because of a lack of standardized practices. Self-report instruments are often used to assess CRCI, but there are no validated cutpoints. We present the results of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identifying cutpoints of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognition perceived cognitive impairment (PCI) in female breast cancer survivors for identifying CRCI cases. We defined presence of CRCI based on elevated complaints on the Patient's Assessment of Own Functioning Inventory compared with healthy control scores. Our results indicate that scores less than 54 in PCI scores using 18 items and scores less than 60 in PCI scores using 20 items exhibited good ability to discriminate CRCI cases from noncases (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.84 [95% CI = 0.73 to 0.94]). These preliminary results represent an important contribution toward standardizing practices across CRCI studies., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2019
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42. An evaluation of supervised methods for identifying differentially methylated regions in Illumina methylation arrays.
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Mallik S, Odom GJ, Gao Z, Gomez L, Chen X, and Wang L
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- CpG Islands, Humans, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Software, DNA Methylation
- Abstract
Epigenome-wide association studies (EWASs) have become increasingly popular for studying DNA methylation (DNAm) variations in complex diseases. The Illumina methylation arrays provide an economical, high-throughput and comprehensive platform for measuring methylation status in EWASs. A number of software tools have been developed for identifying disease-associated differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the epigenome. However, in practice, we found these tools typically had multiple parameter settings that needed to be specified and the performance of the software tools under different parameters was often unclear. To help users better understand and choose optimal parameter settings when using DNAm analysis tools, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of 4 popular DMR analysis tools under 60 different parameter settings. In addition to evaluating power, precision, area under precision-recall curve, Matthews correlation coefficient, F1 score and type I error rate, we also compared several additional characteristics of the analysis results, including the size of the DMRs, overlap between the methods and execution time. The results showed that none of the software tools performed best under their default parameter settings, and power varied widely when parameters were changed. Overall, the precision of these software tools were good. In contrast, all methods lacked power when effect size was consistent but small. Across all simulation scenarios, comb-p consistently had the best sensitivity as well as good control of false-positive rate., (© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2019
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43. Randomized Phase II Trial of Exercise, Metformin, or Both on Metabolic Biomarkers in Colorectal and Breast Cancer Survivors.
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Meyerhardt JA, Irwin ML, Jones LW, Zhang S, Campbell N, Brown JC, Pollak M, Sorrentino A, Cartmel B, Harrigan M, Tolaney SM, Winer E, Ng K, Abrams T, Fuchs CS, Sanft T, Douglas PS, Hu F, and Ligibel JA
- Abstract
Background: Observational data support inverse relationships between exercise or metformin use and disease outcomes in colorectal and breast cancer survivors, although the mechanisms underlying these associations are not well understood., Methods: In a phase II trial, stage I-III colorectal and breast cancer survivors who completed standard therapy were randomly assigned to structured exercise or metformin or both or neither for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was change in fasting insulin levels; secondary outcomes included changes in other blood-based energetic biomarkers and anthropometric measurements. Analyses used linear mixed models., Results: In total, 139 patients were randomly assigned; 91 (65%) completed follow-up assessments. Fasting insulin levels statistically significantly decreased in all three intervention arms (-2.47 μU/mL combination arm, -0.08 μU/mL exercise only, -1.16 μU/mL metformin only, + 2.79 μU/mL control arm). Compared with the control arm, all groups experienced statistically significant weight loss between baseline and 12 weeks (-1.8% combination arm, -0.22% exercise only, -1.0% metformin only, +1.55% control). The combination arm also experienced statistically significant improvements in the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (-30.6% combination arm, +61.2% control) and leptin (-42.2% combination arm, -0.8% control), compared with the control arm. The interventions did not change insulin-like growth factor-1 or insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 measurements as compared with the control arm. Tolerance to metformin limited compliance (approximately 50% of the participants took at least 75% of the planned dosages in both treatment arms)., Conclusions: The combination of exercise and metformin statistically significantly improved insulin and associated metabolic markers, as compared to the control arm, with potential greater effect than either exercise or metformin alone though power limited formal synergy testing. Larger efforts are warranted to determine if such a combined modality intervention can improve outcomes in colorectal and breast cancer survivors., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2019
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44. Germline Testing for Patients With BRCA1/2 Mutations on Somatic Tumor Testing.
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Vlessis K, Purington N, Chun N, Haraldsdottir S, and Ford JM
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Background: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends germline testing for pathogenic BRCA1/2 mutations identified by somatic tumor sequencing. The aim of this study was to explore whether patients at Stanford with somatic BRCA1/2 mutations were recommended germline testing in accordance with NCCN guidelines., Methods: We retrospectively collected all Stanford patients with BRCA1/2 mutations found by tumor sequencing. Medical records were reviewed for each patient to identify those recommended germline testing. A multivariable logistic regression model was fit associating baseline characteristics with whether or not a recommendation was made., Results: Of 164 participants, 51 (31.1%) had no recommendation for germline testing. Of the 97 available germline-testing results, 54 (55.7%) were positive for pathogenic BRCA1/2 mutations. After adjusting for possible confounders, patients with genitourinary cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 0.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.00 to 0.03; P = .003), lung cancer (OR = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.21; P < .001), sarcoma (OR = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.00 to 0.14; P < .001), skin cancer (OR = 0.01, 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.03; P = .002), or "other" diagnoses (OR = 0.01, 95% CI = 0.00 to 0.16; P < .001) were statistically significantly less likely to be recommended germline testing compared with patients with breast or gynecological cancers., Conclusions: Our study highlights the importance of provider education outside of the oncologic specialties typically associated with BRCA -related cancers and continued exploration of referrals to genetics for germline testing on the basis of somatic findings., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2019
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45. Diabetes and Clinical Outcome in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: CALGB 80405 (Alliance).
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Brown JC, Zhang S, Ou FS, Venook AP, Niedzwiecki D, Lenz HJ, Innocenti F, O'Neil BH, Shaw JE, Polite BN, Denlinger CS, Atkins JN, Goldberg RM, Ng K, Mayer RJ, Blanke CD, O'Reilly EM, Fuchs CS, and Meyerhardt JA
- Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a prognostic factor for some malignancies, but its association with outcome in patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is less clear., Methods: This cohort study was nested within a randomized trial of first-line chemotherapy and bevacizumab and/or cetuximab for advanced or metastatic CRC. Patients were enrolled at 508 community and academic centers throughout the National Clinical Trials Network. The primary exposure was physician-documented diabetes at the time of enrollment. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS); secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and adverse events. Tests of statistical significance were two-sided., Results: Among 2326 patients, 378 (16.3%) had diabetes. The median follow-up time was 6.0 years. We observed 1973 OS events and 2173 PFS events. The median time to an OS event was 22.7 months among those with diabetes and 27.1 months among those without diabetes (HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.44; P < .001). The median time to a PFS event was 9.7 months among those with diabetes and 10.8 months among those without diabetes (HR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.30; P = .02). Patients with diabetes were more likely to experience no less than grade 3 hypertension (8.1% vs 4.4%; P = .054) but were not more likely to experience other adverse events, including neuropathy., Conclusions: Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of mortality and tumor progression in patients with advanced or metastatic CRC. Patients with diabetes tolerate first-line treatment with chemotherapy and monoclonal antibodies similarly to patients without diabetes., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2019
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46. Cost-Effectiveness of Risk-Stratified Colorectal Cancer Screening Based on Polygenic Risk: Current Status and Future Potential.
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Naber SK, Kundu S, Kuntz KM, Dotson WD, Williams MS, Zauber AG, Calonge N, Zallen DT, Ganiats TG, Webber EM, Goddard KAB, Henrikson NB, van Ballegooijen M, Janssens ACJW, and Lansdorp-Vogelaar I
- Abstract
Background: Although uniform colonoscopy screening reduces colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality, risk-based screening may be more efficient. We investigated whether CRC screening based on polygenic risk is a cost-effective alternative to current uniform screening, and if not, under what conditions it would be., Methods: The MISCAN-Colon model was used to simulate a hypothetical cohort of US 40-year-olds. Uniform screening was modeled as colonoscopy screening at ages 50, 60, and 70 years. For risk-stratified screening, individuals underwent polygenic testing with current and potential future discriminatory performance (area under the receiver-operating curve [AUC] of 0.60 and 0.65-0.80, respectively). Polygenic testing results were used to create risk groups, for which colonoscopy screening was optimized by varying the start age (40-60 years), end age (70-85 years), and interval (1-20 years)., Results: With current discriminatory performance, optimal screening ranged from once-only colonoscopy at age 60 years for the lowest-risk group to six colonoscopies at ages 40-80 years for the highest-risk group. While maintaining the same health benefits, risk-stratified screening increased costs by $59 per person. Risk-stratified screening could become cost-effective if the AUC value would increase beyond 0.65, the price per polygenic test would drop to less than $141, or risk-stratified screening would lead to a 5% increase in screening participation., Conclusions: Currently, CRC screening based on polygenic risk is unlikely to be cost-effective compared with uniform screening. This is expected to change with a greater than 0.05 increase in AUC value, a greater than 30% reduction in polygenic testing costs, or a greater than 5% increase in adherence with screening., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2019
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47. Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Health-Care Access Disparities in Ovarian Cancer Treatment and Mortality: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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Karanth S, Fowler ME, Mao X, Wilson LE, Huang B, Pisu M, Potosky A, Tucker T, and Akinyemiju T
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Background: Ovarian cancer remains a leading cause of death from gynecological malignancies. Race, socioeconomic status (SES), and access to health care are important predictors of quality treatment and survival. We provide a systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of these predictors on disparities in ovarian cancer treatment and mortality., Methods: Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus for relevant articles published between January 2000 and March 2017. We selected studies published in the United States that evaluated the role of race, SES, or health-care access on disparities in ovarian cancer treatment or survival. Pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each outcome using a random-effects model., Results: A total of 41 studies met the inclusion criteria for systematic review. In meta-analysis, there was a 25% decrease (RR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.66 to 0.84) in receipt of adherent ovarian cancer treatment and 18% increased risk (RR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.26) of mortality for blacks compared to whites. Receipt of adherent ovarian cancer treatment was 15% lower (RR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.77 to 0.94) in the lowest vs highest SES group and 30% lower (RR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.58 to 0.85) among patients at lower vs higher hospital volumes., Conclusion: We found consistent and strong evidence for continued lack of quality ovarian cancer treatment and higher mortality among ovarian cancer patients who are black, are of low SES, and/or have poor access to care. Interventions focused on these groups targeting specific barriers to care are needed to reduce disparities in ovarian cancer treatment and mortality., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2019
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48. Prenatal Biochemical Screening and a Woman's Long-Term Risk of Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study.
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Park AL, Huang T, Meschino WS, Iqbal J, and Ray JG
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Background: Some hormones measured in pregnancy are linked to certain hormone-sensitive cancers. We investigated whether routine serum screening in pregnancy is associated with a woman's subsequent risk of hormone-sensitive cancer., Methods: This population-based cohort study included women aged 12-55 years who underwent prenatal screening between 11 weeks + 0 days of gestation to 20 weeks + 6 days of gestation in Ontario, Canada, 1993-2011, where universal health care is available. The hazard ratio of newly diagnosed breast, ovarian, endometrial, and thyroid cancer-arising at 21 weeks + 0 days of gestation or thereafter-was estimated in association with an abnormally low (≤5th) or high (>95th) percentile multiple of the median (MoM) for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), total human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), unconjugated estriol, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, and dimeric inhibin A., Results: Among 677 247 pregnant women followed for a median of 11.0 years (interquartile range = 7.5-16.1), 7231 (1.07%) developed breast cancer, 515 (0.08%) ovarian cancer, 508 (0.08%) endometrial cancer, and 4105 (0.61%) thyroid cancer. In multivariable adjusted models, abnormally high hCG greater than the 95th percentile MoM was associated with a doubling in the risk of endometrial cancer (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.33 to 2.95), and abnormally low AFP at the fifth percentile or less MoM conferred a moderately greater risk of thyroid cancer (aHR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.38). Abnormally low pregnancy-associated plasma protein A at the fifth percentile or less MoM was not statistically significantly associated with breast cancer after multivariable adjustment (aHR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.36)., Conclusions: Women with abnormally high levels of serum hCG or low AFP in early pregnancy may be at a greater future risk of certain types of hormone-sensitive cancers., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2019
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49. Multicenter Validation of the CamGFR Model for Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate.
- Author
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Williams EH, Connell CM, Weaver JMJ, Beh I, Potts H, Whitley CT, Bird N, Al-Sayed T, Monaghan PJ, Fehr M, Cathomas R, Bertelli G, Quinton A, Lewis P, Shamash J, Wilson P, Dooley M, Poole S, Mark PB, Bookman MA, Earl H, Jodrell D, Tavaré S, Lynch AG, and Janowitz T
- Abstract
Important oncological management decisions rely on kidney function assessed by serum creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). However, no large-scale multicenter comparisons of methods to determine eGFR in patients with cancer are available. To compare the performance of formulas for eGFR based on routine clinical parameters and serum creatinine not calibrated with isotope dilution mass spectrometry, we studied 3620 patients with cancer and 166 without cancer who had their glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured with an exogenous nuclear tracer at one of seven clinical centers. The mean measured GFR was 86 mL/min. Accuracy of all models was center dependent, reflecting intercenter variability of isotope dilution mass spectrometry-creatinine measurements. CamGFR was the most accurate model for eGFR (root-mean-squared error 17.3 mL/min) followed by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration model (root-mean-squared error 18.2 mL/min)., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Accuracy of Risk Estimates from the iPrevent Breast Cancer Risk Assessment and Management Tool.
- Author
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Phillips KA, Liao Y, Milne RL, MacInnis RJ, Collins IM, Buchsbaum R, Weideman PC, Bickerstaffe A, Nesci S, Chung WK, Southey MC, Knight JA, Whittemore AS, Dite GS, Goldgar D, Giles GG, Glendon G, Cuzick J, Antoniou AC, Andrulis IL, John EM, Daly MB, Buys SS, Hopper JL, and Terry MB
- Abstract
Background: iPrevent is an online breast cancer (BC) risk management decision support tool. It uses an internal switching algorithm, based on a woman's risk factor data, to estimate her absolute BC risk using either the International Breast Cancer Intervention Study (IBIS) version 7.02, or Breast and Ovarian Analysis of Disease Incidence and Carrier Estimation Algorithm version 3 models, and then provides tailored risk management information. This study assessed the accuracy of the 10-year risk estimates using prospective data., Methods: iPrevent-assigned 10-year invasive BC risk was calculated for 15 732 women aged 20-70 years and without BC at recruitment to the Prospective Family Study Cohort. Calibration, the ratio of the expected (E) number of BCs to the observed (O) number and discriminatory accuracy were assessed., Results: During the 10 years of follow-up, 619 women (3.9%) developed BC compared with 702 expected (E/O = 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.05 to 1.23). For women younger than 50 years, 50 years and older, and BRCA1/2 -mutation carriers and noncarriers, E/O was 1.04 (95% CI = 0.93 to 1.16), 1.24 (95% CI = 1.11 to 1.39), 1.13 (95% CI = 0.96 to 1.34), and 1.13 (95% CI = 1.04 to 1.24), respectively. The C-statistic was 0.70 (95% CI = 0.68 to 0.73) overall and 0.74 (95% CI = 0.71 to 0.77), 0.63 (95% CI = 0.59 to 0.66), 0.59 (95% CI = 0.53 to 0.64), and 0.65 (95% CI = 0.63 to 0.68), respectively, for the subgroups above. Applying the newer IBIS version 8.0b in the iPrevent switching algorithm improved calibration overall (E/O = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.15) and in all subgroups, without changing discriminatory accuracy., Conclusions: For 10-year BC risk, iPrevent had good discriminatory accuracy overall and was well calibrated for women aged younger than 50 years. Calibration may be improved in the future by incorporating IBIS version 8.0b., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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