Search

Background Antibiotic resistance is a significant threat to public health not only in healthcare setting but also in community because antimicrobial-resistant infections can be transmitted in community. Although it is essential to know whether there are particular reasons that caused antibiotic-resistant infection in community, there is lack of evidence regarding risk factors for community-onset extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection (ESBL-KP BSI) in South Korea. In the present study, we aimed to reveal risk factors for community-onset ESBL-KP BSI. Methods From May 2016 to April 2017, patients with community-onset KP BSI (n = 408) from six sentinel hospitals in South Korea were included. The hospitals are located in different districts throughout South Korea, and had a total of 5,194 beds, ranged from 715 to 1,050 beds per hospital. Admission history and previous usage of antibiotics and medical devices before bacteremia were acquired from National Health Insurance claims data. Risk factors of ESBL-KP BSI were analyzed with a multivariable logistic regression model. PCR and sequencing for the identification of genes encoding ESBLs, and multilocus sequence typing were performed. Results Of 408 patient of community-onset KP BSI, 70 (17%) were ESBL-KP BSI patients. ESBL-KP isolates most frequently carried CTX-M-1-group ESBLs (74%, n = 52), followed by CTX-M-9-group ESBLs (16%, n = 11). Most prevalent sequence type (ST) among ESBL-KP isolates was ST48 (14%, n = 10). Among non-ESBL-KP isolates, ST23 was most prevalent (21%, n = 70). Analyzing with multivariate analysis, recent admission to long-term care hospital within 3 months (OR, 5.7; 95% CI, 2.1–15.6; P = 0.001), previous usage of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (OR, 11.5; 95% CI, 2.7–48.6; P = 0.001), expanded-spectrum cephalosporin (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2–3.9; P = 0.01), and previous use of urinary catheter (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1–4.5; P = 0.02) were identified as independent risk factors for community-onset ESBL-KP BSI. Conclusion Recent admission to long-term care hospital, use of urinary catheter, recent usage of antibiotics were identified as risk factors for community-onset ESBL-KP BSI. Strict antibiotic stewardship and infection control measures in long-term care hospital are needed. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.