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This paper presents a new definition of fear of crime that integrates two conceptual developments in this enduring field of criminological enquiry. Our measurement strategy differentiates first between specific worries and diffuse anxieties in emotional responses to crime, and second between productive and counterproductive effects on subjective well-being and precautionary activities. Drawing on data from a representative survey of seven London neighbourhoods, these distinctions are combined into an ordinal scale that moves from the ‘unworried’, to low-level motivating emotions, to frequent and dysfunctional worry about crime. We demonstrate that different categories of ‘fear’ have different correlates and explain different levels of variation in public confidence in policing. We conclude with a call for more longitudinal research to uncover the dynamic nature of fear of crime over the life course. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Most American and English cancer patients prefer to die at home. Factors associated with greater likelihood of dying at home have been contradictory in many studies and no studies have compared the effects of factors in different countries. The objective of this paper is to compare the factors affecting place of cancer death in two major cities, New York and London. Methods: We use data on all individuals aged ≥40 dying of cancer in London (59604) and New York City (51 668) in the years 1995 through 1998. The probability of death at home is examined in each city as a function of gender, age group (40-55, 56-64, 65-74, 75+), year, type of cancer, and area socioeconomic status, using multiple logistic regression. Results: Although the probability of death at home is the same in the two cities (∼1 in 5), being female lowers the odds of death at home by ∼7% in London, and raises it by ∼22% in New York. Older age is associated with increased odds of dying at home in New York but decreased odds of dying at home in London. Being in the lowest tercile of socioeconomic status (relative to the highest) lowers the odds of death at home by 22% in London and 39% in New York. Conclusion: Site of death varies significantly by patient and area characteristics in both cities, an understanding, which should be taken account of in future planning of end-of-life care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental impact of the UK building stock has increased the pressure on architects, engineers and building operators to reduce the use of air conditioning in favour of more passive cooling solutions. Good progress has been made in this direction but many passive solutions are limited to new-build projects. For existing buildings, and those for which mechanical air conditioning cannot be avoided, low energy cooling capability can be incorporated to improve significantly overall efficiency. This paper focuses on one such example – cooling using groundwater, which has gained popularity in recent years in the London area. Among the reasons for this are the excellent energy efficiency and the increasing viability of water abstraction systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Book reviewed:Julian Go and Anne L. Foster, eds.The American Colonial State in the Philippines, Global Perspectives. Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 2003. 312 pp. Index. $79.95 (cloth), $22.95 (paper). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article profiles physician Thomas Hodgkin who was born into a Quaker family at Pentonville in London but in 1815 moved to Tottenham. He became a student at Guy's Hospital and then to Edinburgh and graduated MD in 1823. He became the first lecturer in morbid anatomy and curator of the museum at Guy's Hospital. Hodgkin was immortalised by his article on morbid appearances of the absorbent glands and spleen. In this paper he described the postmortem appearance of seven cases. He died from dysentery on 4th April 1866.

This paper explores the use of statistical and Geographical Information Systems mapping techniques in producing a preliminary assessment of geographical patterns of racially motivated crimes and harassment in a given area. The geographical distribution of allegations of racially motivated incidents reported to the police in the London Borough of Newham is investigated. The results of the analysis suggest that the ethnic composition of an area appears to have a significant effect on the rate of incidents. Correlation and regression analyses are carried out and support the preliminary finding that rates of incidence are significantly higher where there is a large white majority and smaller groups of other ethnicities.[/p] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Described by the architectural historian Simon Thurley as ‘the most lavish ecclesiastical building built by an English monarch since the Reformation’, the Catholic chapel designed by Sir Christopher Wren for King James II and constructed at Whitehall between 1685 and 1687 was destroyed by fire, along with most of the adjoining palace, in 1698. The physical removal of the chapel and its environs (viewed as something of an embarrassment by King William III and Queen Mary II) from the centre of government in London, and dispersal of many of its associated cultural artefacts, symbolized the passing into oblivion of the last, brief, period of open Catholic worship by royalty in England. This article sets in context the careers of musicians, clergy, artists and craftsmen involved with the daily life of the chapel, shedding new light on polychoral music composed by its Italian maestro di cappella Innocenzo Fede, and demonstrating that, as an outpost of Counter-Reformation Europe built in the heart of Protestant London, the chapel and its religious infrastructure acted as an important centre for the generation and circulation of printed and manuscript Catholic liturgical music. The article suggests that, as a specifically Catholic cultural and religious nucleus supported by the king, around which English Catholic recusant networks revolved, the Catholic chapel of James II, in its day, was very far from being a peripheral phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]