1. Obesity-Induced Changes in T-Cell Metabolism Are Associated With Impaired Memory T-Cell Response to Influenza and Are Not Reversed With Weight Loss.
- Author
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Rebeles, Jennifer, Green, William D, Alwarawrah, Yazan, Nichols, Amanda G, Eisner, William, Danzaki, Keiko, MacIver, Nancie J, and Beck, Melinda A
- Subjects
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WEIGHT loss , *REDUCING diets , *INFLUENZA , *LOW-fat diet , *METABOLISM , *MEMORY , *OBESITY , *ORTHOMYXOVIRUS infections , *RESEARCH , *INFLUENZA A virus , *OXYGEN consumption , *ANIMAL experimentation , *RESEARCH methodology , *ANIMAL nutrition , *EVALUATION research , *MEDICAL cooperation , *COMPARATIVE studies , *IMMUNITY , *RESEARCH funding , *T cells , *MICE - Abstract
Background: Obesity is an independent risk factor for increased influenza mortality and is associated with impaired memory T-cell response, resulting in increased risk of infection. In this study, we investigated if weight loss would restore memory T-cell response to influenza.Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were fed either low-fat or high-fat diet to induce obesity. Once obesity was established, all mice received primary infection with influenza X-31. Following a recovery period, we switched half of the obese group to a low-fat diet to induce weight loss. Fifteen weeks after diet switch, all mice were given a secondary infection with influenza PR8, and memory T-cell function and T-cell metabolism were measured.Results: Following secondary influenza infection, memory T-cell subsets in the lungs of obese mice were decreased compared to lean mice. At the same time, T cells from obese mice were found to have altered cellular metabolism, largely characterized by an increase in oxygen consumption. Neither impaired memory T-cell response nor altered T-cell metabolism was reversed with weight loss.Conclusion: Obesity-associated changes in T-cell metabolism are associated with impaired T-cell response to influenza, and are not reversed with weight loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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