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In recent years, Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis has gradually become an important pest of several crops including grape (Vitis vinifera L.) and peach (Amygdalus persica L.) in Xinjiang, China. Toward improving trapping efficacy as part of a management program, various colors, types, and placement of traps and the use of an attractant were evaluated in field and laboratory studies. Laboratory color-choice tests and field tests indicated that P. brevitarsis adults preferred red. In trap placement tests, more adults were captured on traps placed 1 or 1.5 m above the ground and on top of the horizontal grape canopy. Before grape ripening, more adults were captured in traps placed in a 0.5-m border around the outside edge of the vineyard; during grape ripening, more were caught within the vineyard. Newly designed traps that were red, with a triangular baffle and a landing plate, were more efficient than traditional bucket-shaped traps. When P. brevitarsis adults were trapped and killed from June to July 2018, the population of P. brevitarsis adults in August to early September 2018 was significantly lower than in August to early September 2017, when adults had not been trapped and killed in the prior 2 mo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuroimaging studies have linked inter-individual variability in the brain to individualized personality traits. However, only one or several aspects of personality have been effectively predicted based on brain imaging features. The objective of this study was to construct a reliable prediction model of personality in a large sample by using connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM), a recently developed machine learning approach. High-quality resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 810 healthy young participants from the Human Connectome Project dataset were used to construct large-scale brain networks. Personality traits of the five-factor model (FFM) were assessed by the NEO Five Factor Inventory. We found that CPM successfully and reliably predicted all the FFM personality factors (agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness and neuroticism) other than extraversion in novel individuals. At the neural level, we found that the personality-associated functional networks mainly included brain regions within default mode, frontoparietal executive control, visual and cerebellar systems. Although different feature selection thresholds and parcellation strategies did not significantly influence the prediction results, some findings lost significance after controlling for confounds including age, gender, intelligence and head motion. Our finding of robust personality prediction from an individual's unique functional connectome may help advance the translation of 'brain connectivity fingerprinting' into real-world personality psychological settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) has been linked to altered brain function and structure. Although the middle temporal gyrus (MTG) is consistently more affected in LPE, its functional and structural changes have yet to be determined at the subregional level. To explore the functional and structural changes of MTG in LPE at the subregional level based on a combined analysis of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging data. 25 patients with LPE and 21 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging scans. The MTG was parcellated into the anterior part of the MTG (aMTG), middle part of the MTG, posterior part of the MTG, and sulcus part of the MTG. Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and gray matter volume (GMV) of each MTG subregion were calculated and compared between the 2 groups. The functional and structural changes of MTG at the subregional level were assessed in patients with LPE and controls, as well as the correlation of them with premature ejaculation diagnostic tool and Beck Depression Inventory. Despite similar rsFC patterns of each MTG subregion in both groups, quantitative comparison analyses revealed that patients with LPE showed increased rsFC between the left aMTG and the right cuneus (0.34 ± 0.12 vs 0.17 ± 0.17), between the right aMTG and the right parahippocampal gyrus (0.36 ± 0.16 vs 0.15 ± 0.10), and between the right middle MTG and the left MTG (0.40 ± 0.14 vs 0.18 ± 0.15) relative to controls (P <.05, cluster-level family-wise error corrected). Moreover, validation analyses revealed that these results remained significant after adjusting for depression. However, there were no significant group differences in GMV in all the MTG subregions (P >.05, Bonferroni corrected). In addition, no significant correlations between rsFC and GMV of the MTG subregions and the clinical variables were found in patients with LPE (P >.05, Bonferroni corrected). Functional hyperconnectivity in the MTG subregions may facilitate a more sophisticated understanding of the neuropathological mechanism underlying LPE. There are no previous studies examining functional and structural changes in LPE at the MTG subregional level. The main limitation is the small sample size. We present evidence that individuals with LPE have a selective functional hyperconnectivity yet preserved structural integrity in the MTG subregions, which may facilitate a more sophisticated understanding of the neuropathological mechanism underlying LPE by highlighting the critical role of the MTG in this disorder. Zhang T, Tang D, Cai H, et al. Selective Functional Hyperconnectivity in the Middle Temporal Gyrus Subregions in Lifelong Premature Ejaculation. J Sex Med 2020;17:1457–1466. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]