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The article reports the identification of OXA-48-producing Enterobacter cloacae isolates recovered from patients who had been transferred from a Morocco hospital to two hospitals in two different French cities in August 2010. It notes the high prevalence of OXA-48 producers in Turkey, Belgium and North Africa. It describes the patients, a female traffic accident victim who had E. cloacae isolate 501 recovered from urine and rectal swabs, and a male stroke patient who had multidrug-resistant E. cloacae isolate BOU from rectal screening.

The article discusses the nosocomial dissemination of extended-spectrum Β-lactamases (ESBL)- and qnr-positive Enterobacter (E) cloacae during a 12-month period and restricted to the Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) of the Bicêtre Hospital in France. Identification of Β-lactamase genes and qnr genes was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-specific primers and sequencing. Qnr resistance determinants provide the first resistance step for further in vivo selection of high-level resistance to fluoroquinolones.