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Our objective was to evaluate the effect of Cu, Zn, and Mn source on measures of 1) preferential intake of mineral-concentrated supplements and 2) mineral status and pre- and postweaning performance of beef calves. In Exp. 1, 4 trials were conducted to assess the effect of source of Cu (750 mg/kg; Trial 1), Zn (2,000 mg/kg; Trial 2), Mn (3,000 mg/kg; Trial 3), and all 3 elements (Trial 4) on preferential intake of mineral-concentrated supplements. Supplements differed only by source of Cu, Zn, and Mn, which included hydroxychloride (hydroxy), sulfate, and organic options. In each trial, the 3 supplements were simultaneously offered to 8 pens of early-weaned calves (2 calves/pen; 126 ± 8.0 kg average BW) for a 4-h period and preferential intake was determined. When offered the opportunity to select among 3 supplement options, calves consumed more (P < 0.001) supplement containing hydroxy vs. organic or sulfate sources of Cu (Trial 1), Zn (Trial 2), and Mn (Trial 3). In Trial 4, when all 3 elements were combined within a single supplement, calves almost exclusively selected (P < 0.001) the hydroxy vs. organic or sulfate sources (82.9, 10.4, and 6.7% of total supplement intake, respectively [SEM 3.16]). In Exp. 2, calves were supplemented at a rate of 114 g/calf daily for 84 d before weaning (2 calves/pasture; 10 and 12 pastures in yr 1 and 2, respectively). Supplements were formulated to contain no supplemental minerals (control); hydroxy Cu, Zn, and Mn; or copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and manganese oxide (sulfate/oxide). Total supplement intake was greater (P = 0.01) for calves consuming the hydroxy vs. the sulfate/oxide sources of Cu, Zn, and Mn (9.0 vs. 7.2 kg [SEM 0.45]). Preweaning calf BW gain did not differ (P = 0.15) among treatments; however, calves provided mineral-fortified supplements had greater (P = 0.003) liver concentrations of Co and Se and tended (P = 0.07) to have greater liver concentrations of Cu at weaning compared with the controls. Calves provided mineralfortified vs. control supplements had greater (P = 0.05) peak concentrations of ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin and less BW gain during in the 16-d postweaning period. These data demonstrate greater voluntary intake of mineral-concentrated supplements among calves offered hydroxy vs. sulfate or organic sources of Cu, Zn, and Mn. Preweaning mineral-fortified supplementation increased calf mineral status, heightened inflammatory responsiveness, and decreased BW gain during the immediate postweaning period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to evaluate serum and milk selenium (Se) and vitamin E (VitE), hematological, and biochemical parameters of Saanen goats that were supplemented with Se and VitE. Fifteen goats were supplemented starting on the fourth month of pregnancy until 28 d postpartum. The experimental design was a complete randomized design with repeated measures, with 5 replications. The animals were divided into 3 groups and received the following treatments: a control (base diet with 50% forage and 50% concentrate), Se (3.2 mg of Se/kg DM added to the diet), and Sev (3.2 mg of Se/kg DM and 1,145 IU/d of VitE per kilogram DM). The experiment took 12 wk. Blood samples were collected before the supplementation, during the partum, and 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d postpartum. Blood samples were analyzed for Se, VitE, erythrogram, leukogram, serum protein analysis, albumin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase (CK), glucose, lactate, urea, creatinine, beta-hydroxybutyrate, NEFA, and total antioxidant status (TAS). Milk samples were analyzed for Se and VitE. Time was analyzed when the interaction was significant, except for VitE, which was analyzed by ANOVA, and the means were compared by Tukey's test (P = 0.05). There was a significant increase in Se concentration in serum and goats' milk (P < 0.05). For VitE in serum and milk, TAS, and hematological and biochemical parameters, there was no significant effect of treatment (P > 0.05); the Sev treatment tended to improve several parameters such as higher red blood cells and lower cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and CK, indicating a better oxidant activity in the group treated with Se and VitE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]