1. Chemical Composition and In-situ Digestion Kinetics of Nutritionally Enriched Straw from Genetically Improved Wheat Varieties.
- Author
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Ayaz Chishti, Muhammad Farhan, ur Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, ur Rehman, Muhammad Saif, and Bilal, Muhammad Qamar
- Subjects
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FEED analysis , *STRAW , *DIGESTION , *ANALYTICAL chemistry , *WHEAT - Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the chemical composition and in-situ degradability of untreated and slow-release urea (SU) molasses-treated wheat straw (WS) from genetically improved wheat varieties and its effect on ruminal characteristics of Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls. Wheat straw from genetically improved wheat varieties (n=20, i.e., based on the improved chemical composition) was procured from the Ayyub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad-Pakistan. During the first experiment, chemical analysis of the WS samples (n=20), i.e., dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) was conducted. Following the chemical evaluation, WS from the six best wheat varieties (n=6 out of n=20) was selected for In-situ degradation kinetics. In the second experiment, WS, based on its degradability characteristics, was selected from genetically improved wheat varieties (n=4 out of n=6) and enriched with three levels of SU, i.e., SU1, SU2, SU3, and a single level of molasses (i.e., 6%). Eight lab silos were used for the ensiling of each variety (8*4*3=96 silos) for 30 days. Three cannulated Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls (body weight 450 Kg±10Kg) were selected for In-situ digestion kinetics of untreated and SU-molasses-treated WS. The lag time, disappearance rate, and extent of DM, CP, NDF, and ADF degradability were analyzed using SAS's GLM procedures. The means of chemical analysis were compared via Tukey’s test. According to the findings, the CP, ash, EE, NDF, ADF, hemicellulose, and cellulose of WS from all the selected wheat varieties were affected (p<0.01) except the DM (p>0.05). Moreover, the chemical composition of SU-molasses enriched WS of genetically improved wheat varieties was also affected (p<0.05). The increased DM, NDF, and ADF content were observed while ensiling the WS with SU1. However, decreased DM, NDF, and ADF proportions were noticed in WS following the SU2 and SU3 ensiling levels (p<0.01). The results of insitu digestion kinetics manifested a considerable variation in DM, CP, NDF, and ADF degradation characteristics of untreated and SU molasses-treated WS (p<0.05). The degradation characteristics of DM, NDF, ADF, and CP reflected the greater extent of digestion and rate of disappearance of ensiled WS with SU2 and SU3 (p<0.01). Whereas, the decreased lag time was observed in SU molasses-ensiled WS compared to the untreated wheat straw (UWS) (p<0.01). The findings of ruminal characteristics showed a linear increase in ruminal pH while increasing the SU enrichment level from SU1 to SU3. The SU3 exhibited the highest pH (6.67) compared with the UWS (6.23). Moreover, a higher concentration of NH3-N (18.3 mg/dl) and BUN (16.29 mg/dl) was observed in SU2. However, a lower concentration of NH3-N (12.72 mg/dl) and BUN (4.68 mg/dl) was observed in UWS. It is concluded that the WS from the genetically improved wheat varieties exhibited an improved nutritional profile. Moreover, the SU-molasses enrichment of WS from these wheat varieties exhibited an improved nutritional profile, In-situ degradability, and ruminal characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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