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Objectif Evaluer la frequence des complications de l\'epaule de l\'hemiplegique vasculaire et identifier les facteurs associes a ces complications Methodes C\'est une etude prospective realisee entre Juin et Octobre 2005 au Centre hospitalo-universitaire de Cocody (Abidjan, Cote d\'Ivoire). Elle concerne des patients admis en consultation de reeducation fonctionnelle (RF) ou en hospitalisation de neurologie. Resultats Cinquante patients âges en moyenne de 56,6 ± 13,4 ans (extremes de 29 et 85 ans) avec un sexe ratio de 1,17 en faveur des femmes, recrutes le plus souvent en RF (60%) ont ete inclus dans cette etude. Ils avaient un accident vasculaire cerebral (AVC) principalement ischemique (72%), qui evoluait en moyenne depuis 11,3 ± 12,9 semaines. Parmi eux 28 (56%) avaient une complication de l\'epaule qui etait : une douleur (DL, n=25), un syndrome epaule-main (SEM, n=10) ou une subluxation (SUB, n=18). Ces complications etaient associees dans 46,4% des cas. Ces patients etaient plus âges, avaient un AVC plus ancien, un index moteur du membre superieur plus faible mais un niveau d\'autonomie globale semblable a celui des patients sans complications. Ni l\'âge, ni la duree d\'evolution de l\'AVC n\'etait different selon le type de complication diagnostique. La fonctionnalite etait associe a la SUB (dans 72,2% des SUB le Frenchay arm test etait egal a 0 vs 37,5% chez les patients sans SUB p=0,02) tandis que le tonus des adducteurs du bras etait associe a la DL (dans 40% des DL le tonus des adducteurs etait egal a 1 vs 84% chez les patients ne presentant pas de DL p=0,006). Conclusion L\'epaule douloureuse de l\'hemiplegique est donc une complication frequemment retrouvee dans notre etude. Des etudes ulterieures seront utiles pour conforter la frequence de ces complications, l\'impact des differents facteurs qui semblent s\'y associer et analyser les possibilites de prise en charge tant curative que preventive dans notre milieu Objective To assess the frequency of shoulder complications among subjects with vascular hemiplegia and to identify factors associated with these complications. Methods Conducted between June and October 2005 at the teaching hospital of Cocody (Abidjan, Cote d\'Ivoire), this prospective survey concerned outpatients of rehabilitation unit (FS) and inpatients of neurology unit. Results Fifty patients with an average age of 56.6 ± 13, 4 years (ranged from 29 to 85), a sex ratio of 1.17 in favour of females, mainly recruited in the rehabilitation unit (60%) were included in this study. They had a stroke, mainly ischemic (72%), which progressed in average for 11, 3 ± 12.9 weeks. Among them 28 (56%) had a shoulder complication which was: a shoulder pain (SP, n=25), a shoulder-hand syndrome (n=10), or a glenohumeral joint subluxation (SUB, n=18). These complications were associated in 46.4% of cases. These patients were older, had a stroke progressing for a more long time, a lower pectoral limb motor index but a global self-sufficiency not different from the one of patients without shoulder complications. Neither age nor stroke progress duration was different according to the type of complication diagnosed. The functionality was associated with SUB (in 72,2% of SUB cases the Frenchay arm test was null vs 37,5% among patients without SUB p=0.02) while tonus was associated with pain (in 40% of SP cases the spasticity was scored 1 at the Aswhorth scale vs 84% among patients without SP p=0.006). Conclusion In our study hemiplegic shoulder pain were predominant. Further studies will be necessary in order to precise the prevalence of these complications, the relations with variable factors and to discuss the treatment best adapted to our social and professional environment. Keywords : Stroke ; Shoulder pain ; Shoulder-hand syndrome, Glenohumeral joint subluxation; Africa African Journal of Neurological Sciences Vol. 27 (1) 2008: pp. 11-15