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Compelling evidences suggest that dysfunction in the cerebellar region of the brain plays has a significiant association with the etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD). This study aims to investigate should there is the association between degeneration of the cerebellum and the etiologies of ASD and ADHD. The study recruited participants comprising of 40 children with ASD and 39 children with ADHD. 40 healthy children were recruited as the control group. The participants were analysed for an increase in anti-purkinje cell autoantibodies, called as Yo (anti-PCA/Yo) antibodies and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody levels during cerebellar damage. Each child with ASD was evaluated using the autism behavior checklist (ABC), aberrant behavior checklist (AbBC) and childhood autism rating scale (CARS). The Conners’ Parent and Teacher Rating Scales-Revised Long Form (CPRS and CTRS) screening questionnaires were completed by the parents and teachers of children with ADHD. The anti-PCA/Yo and anti-GAD levels were determined using 10 ml venous samples from the participants. No significant sociodemographical differences were observed between the groups. Significant differences were found in the anti-Yo levels between children with ADHD and healthy subjects (p=0.002). Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between GAD levels and children age. This was the first study that evaluated levels of anti-Yo and anti-GAD levels in ADHD and ASD, and compared it to a control group. It found association between anti-Yo levels and ADHD. Further studies with larger samples and follow-up periods are necessary in order to investigate possible etiological factors among subjects with neuropsychiatric disorders.

Compelling evidences suggest that dysfunction in the cerebellar region of the brain plays has a significiant association with the etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD). This study aims to investigate should there is the association between degeneration of the cerebellum and the etiologies of ASD and ADHD. The study recruited participants comprising of 40 children with ASD and 39 children with ADHD. 40 healthy children were recruited as the control group. The participants were analysed for an increase in anti-purkinje cell autoantibodies, called as Yo (anti-PCA/Yo) antibodies and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody levels during cerebellar damage. Each child with ASD was evaluated using the autism behavior checklist (ABC), aberrant behavior checklist (AbBC) and childhood autism rating scale (CARS). The Conners’ Parent and Teacher Rating Scales-Revised Long Form (CPRS and CTRS) screening questionnaires were completed by the parents and teachers of children with ADHD. The anti-PCA/Yo and anti-GAD levels were determined using 10 ml venous samples from the participants. No significant sociodemographical differences were observed between the groups. Significant differences were found in the anti-Yo levels between children with ADHD and healthy subjects (p=0.002). Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between GAD levels and children age. This was the first study that evaluated levels of anti-Yo and anti-GAD levels in ADHD and ASD, and compared it to a control group. It found association between anti-Yo levels and ADHD. Further studies with larger samples and follow-up periods are necessary in order to investigate possible etiological factors among subjects with neuropsychiatric disorders.

Background: One of the most common and difficult to diagnose condition is Precocious Puberty which is prevalent in pediatric patients with endocrinology disorders. The plethora of information available in open sources makes the families concern about their child’s pubertal development. These patients undergo a tremendous psychological turmoil. Hence, the current study was planned with the aims to evaluate children in terms of psychiatric illness who were diagnosed with pubertaprecocs. Methodology: The present study was undertaken in \\\"University of Health Sciences, Ankara Child Health and Diseases Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital\\\" Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department and Child Endocrinology Clinic. There were total 120 samples where in 56 were suffering from Precocious puberty and 64 were control. The patients included those who visited pediatric endocrine polyclinic with complaints of early adolescence and the control group included patients without the disorder with same age and gender. The children were interviewed using DSM-V tool and thereafter assessed on scales like SCARED, CPRS, CTRS, CDQ, Body Perception scale and Piers Harris self-concept scale measurement for children. Results: The two groups were similar in terms of CPRS, CTRS, CDS and Pier-Harris scales distributions (p> 0.05). Body Sensitivity Scale scores of the pubertas praecox group were significantly lower (median 175 vs. 185.5, z = -2.537, p = 0.011). At least one psychiatric disorder was found to be significantly higher in the puberty precox group (32.1% vs. 10.9%), x2 = 8.143, p = 0.004. CPRS-POSITIVE was significantly higher in the pubertas praecox group (67.9% vs. 48.4%), x2 = 4.609, p = 0.032. Similarly, internalization or externalization impairment was found to be higher in pubertal precox cases than control group cases. Conclusion: The psychiatric disorders are more prevalent in children pubertaprecocsthan their healthy counterparts. These patients thus, need

Background: One of the most common and difficult to diagnose condition is Precocious Puberty which is prevalent in pediatric patients with endocrinology disorders. The plethora of information available in open sources makes the families concern about their child’s pubertal development. These patients undergo a tremendous psychological turmoil. Hence, the current study was planned with the aims to evaluate children in terms of psychiatric illness who were diagnosed with pubertaprecocs. Methodology: The present study was undertaken in \\\"University of Health Sciences, Ankara Child Health and Diseases Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital\\\" Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department and Child Endocrinology Clinic. There were total 120 samples where in 56 were suffering from Precocious puberty and 64 were control. The patients included those who visited pediatric endocrine polyclinic with complaints of early adolescence and the control group included patients without the disorder with same age and gender. The children were interviewed using DSM-V tool and thereafter assessed on scales like SCARED, CPRS, CTRS, CDQ, Body Perception scale and Piers Harris self-concept scale measurement for children. Results: The two groups were similar in terms of CPRS, CTRS, CDS and Pier-Harris scales distributions (p> 0.05). Body Sensitivity Scale scores of the pubertas praecox group were significantly lower (median 175 vs. 185.5, z = -2.537, p = 0.011). At least one psychiatric disorder was found to be significantly higher in the puberty precox group (32.1% vs. 10.9%), x2 = 8.143, p = 0.004. CPRS-POSITIVE was significantly higher in the pubertas praecox group (67.9% vs. 48.4%), x2 = 4.609, p = 0.032. Similarly, internalization or externalization impairment was found to be higher in pubertal precox cases than control group cases. Conclusion: The psychiatric disorders are more prevalent in children pubertaprecocsthan their healthy counterparts. These patients thus, need

Compelling evidences suggest that dysfunction in the cerebellar region of the brain plays has a significiant association with the etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD). This study aims to investigate should there is the association between degeneration of the cerebellum and the etiologies of ASD and ADHD. The study recruited participants comprising of 40 children with ASD and 39 children with ADHD. 40 healthy children were recruited as the control group. The participants were analysed for an increase in anti-purkinje cell autoantibodies, called as Yo (anti-PCA/Yo) antibodies and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody levels during cerebellar damage. Each child with ASD was evaluated using the autism behavior checklist (ABC), aberrant behavior checklist (AbBC) and childhood autism rating scale (CARS). The Conners’ Parent and Teacher Rating Scales-Revised Long Form (CPRS and CTRS) screening questionnaires were completed by the parents and teachers of children with ADHD. The anti-PCA/Yo and anti-GAD levels were determined using 10 ml venous samples from the participants. No significant sociodemographical differences were observed between the groups. Significant differences were found in the anti-Yo levels between children with ADHD and healthy subjects (p=0.002). Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between GAD levels and children age. This was the first study that evaluated levels of anti-Yo and anti-GAD levels in ADHD and ASD, and compared it to a control group. It found association between anti-Yo levels and ADHD. Further studies with larger samples and follow-up periods are necessary in order to investigate possible etiological factors among subjects with neuropsychiatric disorders.