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Objective: To determine the frequency of anemia in pregnant women with preterm labour. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Jinnah International Hospital (Teaching Hospital of Women Medical College), Abbottabad. Period: July 2020 to December 2020. Material & Methods: The study comprised 171 females with a singleton pregnancy on ultrasound, gestational age of 24 to 37 weeks on ultrasound, parity 0-4 and preterm labour. Patients with history of cervical insufficiency, vaginal infection in last one year and urinary tract infection in last one year were excluded. Venous blood was collected from all 171 women in sodium EDTA tube by a 3rd year resident and was immediately sent to laboratory. Hemoglobin < 9 g/dL was recorded as anemia. Results: The participants in this study ranged in age from 18 to 40 years, with mean age of 28.274±3.48 years, mean gestational age was 30.473±3.37 weeks, mean parity1.064±1.28 and mean weight was 73.836±9.74. Anemia was seen in 41.5% patients. Conclusion: The study gave us the information about the importance of iron deficiency anemia as a risk factor for preterm labor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]