1. Circulating MicroRNA Responses between ‘High’ and ‘Low’ Responders to a 16-Wk Diet and Exercise Weight Loss Intervention
- Author
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John A. Hawley, Louise M. Burke, Evelyn B. Parr, Vernon G. Coffey, Stuart M. Phillips, and Donny M. Camera
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Physiology ,lcsh:Medicine ,Adipose tissue ,Overweight ,Biochemistry ,Body Mass Index ,Fats ,0302 clinical medicine ,Glucose Metabolism ,Weight loss ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Public and Occupational Health ,lcsh:Science ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Multidisciplinary ,Middle Aged ,Lipids ,Sports Science ,Nucleic acids ,Physiological Parameters ,Carbohydrate Metabolism ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Research Article ,medicine.medical_specialty ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Extraction techniques ,Internal medicine ,Weight Loss ,Genetics ,medicine ,Genetic predisposition ,Humans ,Obesity ,Sports and Exercise Medicine ,Exercise physiology ,Non-coding RNA ,Exercise ,Nutrition ,lcsh:R ,Body Weight ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Feeding Behavior ,Physical Activity ,medicine.disease ,RNA extraction ,Diet ,Gene regulation ,Research and analysis methods ,MicroRNAs ,Circulating MicroRNA ,Metabolism ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Physical Fitness ,RNA ,lcsh:Q ,Gene expression ,sense organs ,Energy Metabolism ,Body mass index - Abstract
Background: Interactions between diet, physical activity and genetic predisposition contribute to variable body mass changes observed in response to weight loss interventions. Circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) may act as ‘biomarkers’ that are associated with the rate of change in weight loss, and/or play a role in regulating the biological variation, in response to energy restriction. Objective: To quantify targeted c-miRNAs with putative roles in energy metabolism and exercise adaptations following a 16 wk diet and exercise intervention in individuals with large (high responders; HiRes) versus small (low responders; LoRes) losses in body mass. Methods: From 89 male and female overweight/obese participants who completed the intervention (energy restriction from diet, 250 kcal/d, and exercise, 250 kcal/d), subgroups of HiRes ( > 10% body mass loss, n = 22) and LoRes ( < 5% body mass loss, n = 18) were identified. From resting plasma samples collected after an overnight fast pre and post intervention, RNA was extracted, quantified and reverse transcribed. Thirteen c-miRNA selected a priori were analysed using a customised 96-well miScript miRNA PCR Array. Results: Loss of body mass (-11.0 ± 2.3 kg vs. -3.0 ± 1.3 kg; P < 0.01) and fat mass (-11.1 ± 2.6 kg vs. -3.9 ± 1.6 kg; P < 0.01) was greater for HiRes than LoRes (P < 0.001). Expression of c-miR-935 was higher in LoRes compared to HiRes pre- (~47%; P = 0.025) and post- (~100%; P < 0.01) intervention and was the only c-miRNA differentially expressed at baseline between groups. The abundance of c-miR-221-3p and -223-3p increased pre- to post-intervention in both groups (~57–69% and ~25–90%, P < 0.05). There was a post-intervention increase in c-miR-140 only in LoRes compared to HiRes (~23%, P = 0.016). Conclusion: The differential expression and responses of selected c-miRNAs in overweight/obese individuals to an exercise and diet intervention suggests a putative role for these ‘biomarkers’ in the prediction or detection of individual variability to weight loss interventions.
- Published
- 2016
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