1. Multifactor effects and evidence of potential interaction between complement factor H Y402H and LOC387715 A69S in age-related macular degeneration
- Author
-
Momiao Xiong, Tapani Palosaari, Juha M. Holopainen, Päivi Onkamo, Irma Järvelä, Jukka A O Moilanen, Päivi Ranta, Petri Tommila, Ilkka Immonen, Seppo Meri, Kai Kaarniranta, Sanna Seitsonen, Gang Peng, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Genetics, Silmäklinikka, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, and Bioinformatics
- Subjects
Genotype ,Population ,education ,lcsh:Medicine ,Biology ,Genetics and Genomics/Complex Traits ,Logistic regression ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,03 medical and health sciences ,Macular Degeneration ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Allele ,lcsh:Science ,Genotyping ,Alleles ,030304 developmental biology ,Genetics ,Genetics and Genomics/Medical Genetics ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,Multidisciplinary ,lcsh:R ,Proteins ,Macular degeneration ,medicine.disease ,Ophthalmology/Macular Disorders ,eye diseases ,Complement system ,Logistic Models ,Factor H ,Complement Factor H ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Ophthalmology/Retinal Disorders ,lcsh:Q ,sense organs ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Variants in the complement cascade genes and the LOC387715/HTRA1, have been widely reported to associate with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the most common cause of visual impairment in industrialized countries. Methods/Principal Findings We investigated the association between the LOC387715 A69S and complement component C3 R102G risk alleles in the Finnish case-control material and found a significant association with both variants (OR 2.98, p = 3.75×10−9; non-AMD controls and OR 2.79, p = 2.78×10−19, blood donor controls and OR 1.83, p = 0.008; non-AMD controls and OR 1.39, p = 0.039; blood donor controls), respectively. Previously, we have shown a strong association between complement factor H (CFH) Y402H and AMD in the Finnish population. A carrier of at least one risk allele in each of the three susceptibility loci (LOC387715, C3, CFH) had an 18-fold risk of AMD when compared to a non-carrier homozygote in all three loci. A tentative gene-gene interaction between the two major AMD-associated loci, LOC387715 and CFH, was found in this study using a multiplicative (logistic regression) model, a synergy index (departure-from-additivity model) and the mutual information method (MI), suggesting that a common causative pathway may exist for these genes. Smoking (ever vs. never) exerted an extra risk for AMD, but somewhat surprisingly, only in connection with other factors such as sex and the C3 genotype. Population attributable risks (PAR) for the CFH, LOC387715 and C3 variants were 58.2%, 51.4% and 5.8%, respectively, the summary PAR for the three variants being 65.4%. Conclusions/Significance Evidence for gene-gene interaction between two major AMD associated loci CFH and LOC387715 was obtained using three methods, logistic regression, a synergy index and the mutual information (MI) index.
- Published
- 2008