22 results on '"Shiwen Wang"'
Search Results
2. Knockout of CLTC gene reduces but not completely block SFTSV infection.
- Author
-
Tiezhu Liu, Jiajia Li, Xueqi Wang, Tao Huang, Wei Wu, Aqian Li, Chuan Li, Xiaoxia Huang, Qin Wang, Dexin Li, Shiwen Wang, and Mifang Liang
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Clathrin is a key protein for viruses to enter host cells. Previous studies often use clathrin inhibitors or gene knockdown technology to partially inhibit the function of clathrin, but whether SFTSV can infect host cells without clathrin expression remains unclear. In this research, a clathrin heavy chains (CLTC) knockout A549 cell line was established by CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and the knockout of CLTC was verified by PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence and T7E1 analysis. The off-target effect was evaluated by PCR combined with Sanger sequencing. Furthermore, this research verified that SFTSV infection was significantly inhibited, but not completely blocked, due to the deletion of CLTC protein. Our research also found that lipid raft inhibitor Filipin, other than macropinocytosis inhibitor EIPA, could significantly reduce SFTSV infection, and the inhibition was more obviously observed when Filipin was used in CLTC knockout cells. These result indicated that clathrin-dependent and lipid raft mediated endocytosis are the major two mode used by SFTSV entry. In conclusion, this study constructed a CLTC knockout cell line, which, for the first time, established a cell model for the study of the function of CLTC protein, and provided direct evidence that SFTSV pendent could still infect cells without clathrin. Additionally, we confirmed that lipid raft mediated endocytosis, as a clathrin-independent pathway, could be another key mode for SFTSV entry.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Development and evaluation of recombinant E2 protein based IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and double antigen sandwich ELISA for detection of antibodies to Chikungunya virus.
- Author
-
Meijun Guo, Shanshan Du, Lijin Lai, Wei Wu, Xiaoxia Huang, Aqian Li, Hao Li, Chuan Li, Qin Wang, Lina Sun, Tiezhu Liu, Tingting Tian, Shiwen Wang, Mifang Liang, Dexin Li, Chun Xie, and Jiandong Li
- Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundChikungunya virus (CHIKV) reemerged and caused millions of human infections since 2004. The disease could be established, when the virus has been introduced to areas where the appropriate vectors are endemic. The differential diagnosis of CHIKV infection varies based on place of residence, travel history, and exposures. Serological tests are commonly used to diagnose CHIKV infection, but their availability and assessments of the performance of the diagnostics have been limited.ObjectivesTo develop and evaluate antibodies detection methods for chikungunya diagnosis and serological investigation.MethodsRecombinant E2 protein based IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Mac-ELISA) and double antigen sandwich ELISA (Das-ELISA) for detection of antibodies to Chikungunya virus were developed and evaluated. The repeatability was evaluated by testing of three reference sera at single dilutions in triplicated for 5 times. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and agreement of the MAC-ELISA and Das-ELISA were obtained by comparing the detection results of 225 serum samples (45 positive; 180 negative) with a real-time RT-PCR assay and an IFA commercial tests manufactured by Euroimmun.ResultsThe established ELISA assays were standardized by determining the optimal concentrations of the key reagents. The coefficient values of repeat testing were within 10% and 20% for intraassay and interassay precision, respectively. A sensitivity of 60.0% and 52.5%, a specificity of 96.2% and 96.8%, and an accuracy of 89.8% and 88.9% were obtained for the Mac-ELISA and Das-ELISA, respectively, when compared to a CHIKV qRT-PCR method. And a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 97.5% and 99.5%, and an accuracy of 97.8% and 99.6% were yielded respectively when using the IIFT as a reference method, which showed a highly consistence to the commercial IIFT assay with a Kappa value greater than 0.90.ConclusionsThe Mac-ELISA and Das-ELISA based on recombinant E2 protein of CHIKV were developed and standardized, which could detect IgM or total antibodies against CHIKV in 2-3 hours with acceptable sensitivities and specificities. These assays can be used for laboratory diagnosis and serological investigation of CHIKV infections to evaluate the risk of CHIKV transmission.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Spatiotemporal cluster patterns of hand, foot, and mouth disease at the province level in mainland China, 2011–2018
- Author
-
Yuanzhe Wu, Tingwei Wang, Mingyi Zhao, Shumin Dong, Shiwen Wang, and Jingcheng Shi
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Although three monovalent EV-A71 vaccines have been launched in mainland China since 2016, hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) still causes a considerable disease burden in China. Vaccines’ use may change the epidemiological characters of HFMD. Spatial autocorrelation analysis and space-time scan statistics analysis were used to explore the spatiotemporal distribution pattern of this disease at the provincial level in mainland China. The effects of meteorological factors, socio-economic factors, and health resources on HFMD incidence were analyzed using Geodetector. Interrupted time series (ITS) was used to analyze the impact of the EV-A71 vaccine on the incidence of HFMD. This study found that the median annual incidence of HFMD was 153.78 per 100,000 (ranging from 120.79 to 205.06) in mainland China from 2011 to 2018. Two peaks of infections were observed per year. Children 5 years and under were the main morbid population. The spatial distribution of HFMD was presented a significant clustering pattern in each year (P
- Published
- 2022
5. Genetic diversity and evolution of Hantaan virus in China and its neighbors.
- Author
-
Naizhe Li, Aqian Li, Yang Liu, Wei Wu, Chuan Li, Dongyang Yu, Yu Zhu, Jiandong Li, Dexin Li, Shiwen Wang, and Mifang Liang
- Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundHantaan virus (HTNV; family Hantaviridae, order Bunyavirales) causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), which has raised serious concerns in Eurasia, especially in China, Russia, and South Korea. Previous studies reported genetic diversity and phylogenetic features of HTNV in different parts of China, but the analyses from the holistic perspective are rare.Methodology and principal findingsTo better understand HTNV genetic diversity and gene evolution, we analyzed all available complete sequences derived from the small (S) and medium (M) segments with bioinformatic tools. Eleven phylogenetic groups were defined and showed geographic clustering; 42 significant amino acid variant sites were found, and 19 of them were located in immune epitopes; nine recombinant events and eight reassortments with highly divergent sequences were found and analyzed. We found that sequences from Guizhou showed high genetic divergence, contributing to multiple lineages of the phylogenetic tree and also to the recombination and reassortment events. Bayesian stochastic search variable selection analysis revealed that Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, and Guizhou played important roles in HTNV evolution and migration; the virus may originate from Zhejiang Province in the eastern part of China; and the virus population size expanded from the 1980s to 1990s.Conclusions/significanceThese findings revealed the original and evolutionary features of HTNV, which will help to illustrate hantavirus epidemic trends, thus aiding in disease control and prevention.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Epidemiology of tick-borne encephalitis in China, 2007- 2018.
- Author
-
Xiaojing Chen, Fan Li, Qikai Yin, Wenjing Liu, Shihong Fu, Ying He, Wenwen Lei, Songtao Xu, Guodong Liang, Shiwen Wang, Guang Yang, Xiaopeng Qi, and Huanyu Wang
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is endemic to Europe and some Asian countries and is prevalent in northeast China. We analyzed the epidemiology of TBE in China from 2007 to 2018. A total of 3,364 TBE cases were reported in mainland China from 2007 to 2018, for an annual incidence of 0.09 to 0.44/100,000. Among the TBE cases, 89.92% were reported in forest areas (41.94% in DaXingAnLing, 8.70% in XiaoXingAnLing, and 39.21% in ChangBaiShan) in northeast China. The TBE cases were primarily male with a proportion of 67.15% (2,259/3,364 cases) and in 40-49-year age group with a proportion of 31.89% (1,073/3,364 cases). The epidemiology of TBE differed slightly among the three forest regions. Domestic workers and forestry workers accounted for the most of the TBE cases in DaXingAnLing, and domestic workers and farmers in XiaoXingAnLing and ChangBaiShan, respectively. The TBE cases mainly occurred from April to August with a peak in June. The TBE laboratory confirmed rate in DaXingAnLing (84.14%, 1,189/1,413 cases) was highest, compared with XiaoXingAnLing and ChangBaiShan (13.99% and 11.37%, respectively). Moreover, the hospital with the highest laboratory confirmed rate (88.01%, 1,336/1,518 cases) was Inner Mongolia Forestry General Hospital of DaXingAnling region. Systematic enhanced TBE surveillance and a vaccination program are needed to improve the laboratory confirmed rate and reduce the incidence of TBE in northeast China.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Physiological mechanisms contributing to increased water-use efficiency in winter wheat under organic fertilization.
- Author
-
Linlin Wang, Shiwen Wang, Wei Chen, Hongbing Li, and Xiping Deng
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Improving the efficiency of resource utilization has received increasing research attention in recent years. In this study, we explored the potential physiological mechanisms underlying improved grain yield and water-use efficiency of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) following organic fertilizer application. Two wheat cultivars, ChangHan58 (CH58) and XiNong9871 (XN9871), were grown under the same nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate (urea-N, CK; and manure plus urea-N, M) and under two watering regimes (WW, well-watered; and WS, water stress) imposed after anthesis. The M fertilizer treatment had a higher Pn and lower gs and Tr than CK under both water conditions, in particular, it significantly increased WRC and Ψw, and decreased EWLR and MDA under WS. Also, the M treatment increased post-anthesis N uptake by 81.4 and 16.4% under WS and WW, thus increasing post-anthesis photosynthetic capacity and delaying leaf senescence. Consequently, the M treatment increased post-anthesis DM accumulation under WS and WW by 51.5 and 29.6%, WUEB by 44.5 and 50.9%, grain number per plant by 11.5 and 12.2% and 1000-grain weight by 7.3 and 3.6%, respectively, compared with CK. The grain yield under M treatment increased by 23 and 15%, and water use efficiency (WUEg) by 25 and 23%, respectively. The increased WUE under organic fertilizer treatment was due to elevated photosynthesis and decreased Tr and gs. Our results suggest that the organic fertilizer treatment enabled plants to use water more efficiently under drought stress.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Regulation Effects of Water and Nitrogen on the Source-Sink Relationship in Potato during the Tuber Bulking Stage.
- Author
-
Wenting Li, Binglin Xiong, Shiwen Wang, Xiping Deng, Lina Yin, and Hongbing Li
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The source-sink relationship determines crop yield, and it is largely regulated by water and nutrients in agricultural production. This has been widely investigated in cereals, but fewer studies have been conducted in root and tuber crops such as potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The objective of this study was to investigate the source-sink relationship in potato and the regulation of water and nitrogen on the source-sink relationship during the tuber bulking stage. A pot experiment using virus-free plantlets of the Atlantic potato cultivar was conducted, using three water levels (50%, 70% and 90% of field capacity) and three nitrogen levels (0, 0.2, 0.4 g N∙kg-1 soil). The results showed that, under all water and nitrogen levels, plant source capacity were small at the end of the experiment, since photosynthetic activity in leaves were low and non-structural reserves in underground stems were completely remobilized. While at this time, there were very big differences in maximum and minimum tuber number and tuber weight, indicating that the sink tuber still had a large potential capacity to take in assimilates. These results suggest that the source-supplied assimilates were not sufficient enough to meet the demands of sink growth. Thus, we concluded that, unlike cereals, potato yield is more likely to be source-limited than sink-limited during the tuber bulking stage. Water and nitrogen are two key factors in potato production management. Our results showed that water level, nitrogen level and the interaction between water and nitrogen influence potato yield mainly through affecting source capacity via the net photosynthetic rate, total leaf area and leaf life span. Well-watered, sufficient nitrogen and well-watered combined with sufficient nitrogen increased yield mainly by enhancing the source capacity. Therefore, this suggests that increasing source capacity is more crucial to improve potato yield.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Correction: Insulin and mTOR Pathway Regulate HDAC3-Mediated Deacetylation and Activation of PGK1.
- Author
-
Shiwen Wang, Bowen Jiang, Tengfei Zhang, Lixia Liu, Yi Wang, Yiping Wang, Xiufei Chen, Huaipeng Lin, Lisha Zhou, Yukun Xia, Leilei Chen, Chen Yang, Yue Xiong, Dan Ye, and Kun-Liang Guan
- Subjects
Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002243.].
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Insulin and mTOR Pathway Regulate HDAC3-Mediated Deacetylation and Activation of PGK1.
- Author
-
Shiwen Wang, Bowen Jiang, Tengfei Zhang, Lixia Liu, Yi Wang, Yiping Wang, Xiufei Chen, Huaipeng Lin, Lisha Zhou, Yukun Xia, Leilei Chen, Chen Yang, Yue Xiong, Dan Ye, and Kun-Liang Guan
- Subjects
Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) catalyzes the reversible transfer of a phosphoryl group from 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate (1, 3-BPG) to ADP, producing 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) and ATP. PGK1 plays a key role in coordinating glycolytic energy production with one-carbon metabolism, serine biosynthesis, and cellular redox regulation. Here, we report that PGK1 is acetylated at lysine 220 (K220), which inhibits PGK1 activity by disrupting the binding with its substrate, ADP. We have identified KAT9 and HDAC3 as the potential acetyltransferase and deacetylase, respectively, for PGK1. Insulin promotes K220 deacetylation to stimulate PGK1 activity. We show that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway regulates HDAC3 S424 phosphorylation, which promotes HDAC3-PGK1 interaction and PGK1 K220 deacetylation. Our study uncovers a previously unknown mechanism for the insulin and mTOR pathway in regulation of glycolytic ATP production and cellular redox potential via HDAC3-mediated PGK1 deacetylation.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Carbon/Nitrogen Imbalance Associated with Drought-Induced Leaf Senescence in Sorghum bicolor.
- Author
-
Daoqian Chen, Shiwen Wang, Binglin Xiong, Beibei Cao, and Xiping Deng
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Drought stress triggers mature leaf senescence, which supports plant survival and remobilization of nutrients; yet leaf senescence also critically decreases post-drought crop yield. Drought generally results in carbon/nitrogen imbalance, which is reflected in the increased carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratio in mature leaves, and which has been shown to be involved in inducing leaf senescence under normal growth conditions. Yet the involvement of the carbon/nitrogen balance in regulation of drought-induced leaf senescence is unclear. To investigate the role of carbon/nitrogen balance in drought-induced senescence, sorghum seedlings were subjected to a gradual soil drought treatment. Leaf senescence symptoms and the C:N ratio, which was indicated by the ratio of non-structural carbohydrate to total N content, were monitored during drought progression. In this study, leaf senescence developed about 12 days after the start of drought treatment, as indicated by various senescence symptoms including decreasing photosynthesis, photosystem II photochemistry efficiency (Fv/Fm) and chlorophyll content, and by the differential expression of senescence marker genes. The C:N ratio was significantly enhanced 10 to 12 days into drought treatment. Leaf senescence occurred in the older (lower) leaves, which had higher C:N ratios, but not in the younger (upper) leaves, which had lower C:N ratios. In addition, a detached leaf assay was conducted to investigate the effect of carbon/nitrogen availability on drought-induced senescence. Exogenous application of excess sugar combined with limited nitrogen promoted drought-induced leaf senescence. Thus our results suggest that the carbon/nitrogen balance may be involved in the regulation of drought-induced leaf senescence.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Age is a critical risk factor for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome.
- Author
-
Shujun Ding, Guoyu Niu, Xuehua Xu, Jinping Li, Xiaomei Zhang, Haiying Yin, Naijie Zhang, Xiaolin Jiang, Shiwen Wang, Mifang Liang, Xianjun Wang, and Xue-jie Yu
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease in East Asia. SFTS is a tick borne hemorrhagic fever caused by SFTSV, a new bunyavirus named after the syndrome. We investigated the epidemiology of SFTS in Laizhou County, Shandong Province, China.We collected serum specimens of all patients who were clinically diagnosed as suspected SFTS cases in 2010 and 2011 in Laizhou County. The patients' serum specimens were tested for SFTSV by real time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). We collected 1,060 serum specimens from healthy human volunteers by random sampling in Laizhou County in 2011. Healthy persons' serum specimens were tested for specific SFTSV IgG antibody by ELISA.71 SFTS cases were diagnosed in Laizhou County in 2010 and 2011, which resulted in the incidence rate of 4.1/100,000 annually. The patients ranged from 15 years old to 87 years old and the median age of the patients were 59 years old. The incidence rate of SFTS was significantly higher in patients over 40 years old and fatal cases only occurred in patients over 50 years old. 3.3% (35/1,060) of healthy people were positive to SFTSV IgG antibody. The SFTSV antibody positive rate was not significantly different among people at different age groups.Our results revealed that seroprevalence of SFTSV in healthy people in Laizhou County was not significantly different among age groups, but SFTS patients were mainly elderly people, suggesting that age is the critical risk factor or determinant for SFTS morbidity and mortality.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Epidemiological and virological characteristics of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) school outbreaks in China in 2009.
- Author
-
Lei Yan, Yan Gao, Yong Zhang, Michael Tildesley, Liqi Liu, Ye Zhang, Leying Wen, Wei Wang, Xiaodan Li, Ying Hu, Tian Bai, Min Wang, Yuhong Zeng, Dingming Wang, Xianjun Wang, Yu Lan, Shiwen Wang, and Yuelong Shu
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundDuring the 2009 pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus (pH1N1) outbreak, school students were at an increased risk of infection by the pH1N1 virus. However, the estimation of the attack rate showed significant variability.MethodsTwo school outbreaks were investigated in this study. A questionnaire was designed to collect information by interview. Throat samples were collected from all the subjects in this study 6 times and sero samples 3 times to confirm the infection and to determine viral shedding. Data analysis was performed using the software STATA 9.0.FindingsThe attack rate of the pH1N1 outbreak was 58.3% for the primary school, and 52.9% for the middle school. The asymptomatic infection rates of the two schools were 35.8% and 37.6% respectively. Peak virus shedding occurred on the day of ARI symptoms onset, followed by a steady decrease over subsequent days (p = 0.026). No difference was found either in viral shedding or HI titer between the symptomatic and the asymptomatic infectious groups.ConclusionsSchool children were found to be at a high risk of infection by the novel virus. This may be because of a heightened risk of transmission owing to increased mixing at boarding school, or a lack of immunity owing to socio-economic status. We conclude that asymptomatically infectious cases may play an important role in transmission of the pH1N1 virus.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. The seroprevalence of pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus in China.
- Author
-
Cuiling Xu, Tian Bai, A Danielle Iuliano, Min Wang, Lei Yang, Leying Wen, Yuhong Zeng, Xiaodan Li, Tao Chen, Wei Wang, Ying Hu, Limei Yang, Zi Li, Shumei Zou, Dexin Li, Shiwen Wang, Zijian Feng, Yanping Zhang, Hongjie Yu, Weizhong Yang, Yu Wang, Marc-Alain Widdowson, and Yuelong Shu
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundMainland China experienced pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus (pH1N1) with peak activity during November-December 2009. To understand the geographic extent, risk factors, and attack rate of pH1N1 infection in China we conducted a nationwide serological survey to determine the prevalence of antibodies to pH1N1.Methodology/principal findingsStored serum samples (n = 2,379) collected during 2006-2008 were used to estimate baseline serum reactogenicity to pH1N1. In January 2010, we used a multistage-stratified random sampling method to select 50,111 subjects who met eligibility criteria and collected serum samples and administered a standardized questionnaire. Antibody response to pH1N1 was measured using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and the weighted seroprevalence was calculated using the Taylor series linearization method. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine risk factors for pH1N1 seropositivity. Baseline seroprevalence of pH1N1 antibody (HI titer ≥40) was 1.2%. The weighted seroprevalence of pH1N1 among the Chinese population was 21.5%(vaccinated: 62.0%; unvaccinated: 17.1%). Among unvaccinated participants, those aged 6-15 years (32.9%) and 16-24 years (30.3%) had higher seroprevalence compared with participants aged 25-59 years (10.7%) and ≥60 years (9.9%, PConclusions/significanceThe Chinese population had low pre-existing immunity to pH1N1 and experienced a relatively high attack rate in 2009 of this virus. We recommend routine control measures such as vaccination to reduce transmission and spread of seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Epidemiology of tick-borne encephalitis in China, 2007- 2018
- Author
-
Wenwen Lei, Wenjing Liu, Guodong Liang, Xiaojing Chen, Fan Li, Huanyu Wang, Songtao Xu, Ying He, Shiwen Wang, Shihong Fu, Guang Yang, Qikai Yin, and Xiaopeng Qi
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Veterinary medicine ,Distribution Curves ,Research Facilities ,Epidemiology ,Inner mongolia ,Geographical Locations ,0302 clinical medicine ,Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Child ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,Tick-Borne Encephalitis ,Agriculture ,Forestry ,Middle Aged ,Hospitals ,Clinical Laboratory Sciences ,Clinical Laboratories ,Geography ,Infectious Diseases ,Neurology ,Child, Preschool ,Physical Sciences ,Encephalitis ,Medicine ,Female ,Research Laboratories ,Encephalitis, Tick-Borne ,Research Article ,Statistical Distributions ,Mainland China ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,Asia ,Adolescent ,Infectious Disease Control ,Science ,030231 tropical medicine ,Disease Surveillance ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Diagnostic Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,General hospital ,Aged ,Tick-borne encephalitis ,Biology and Life Sciences ,medicine.disease ,Probability Theory ,Health Care ,030104 developmental biology ,Health Care Facilities ,Infectious Disease Surveillance ,People and Places ,Mathematics ,Government Laboratories - Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is endemic to Europe and some Asian countries and is prevalent in northeast China. We analyzed the epidemiology of TBE in China from 2007 to 2018. A total of 3,364 TBE cases were reported in mainland China from 2007 to 2018, for an annual incidence of 0.09 to 0.44/100,000. Among the TBE cases, 89.92% were reported in forest areas (41.94% in DaXingAnLing, 8.70% in XiaoXingAnLing, and 39.21% in ChangBaiShan) in northeast China. The TBE cases were primarily male with a proportion of 67.15% (2,259/3,364 cases) and in 40–49-year age group with a proportion of 31.89% (1,073/3,364 cases). The epidemiology of TBE differed slightly among the three forest regions. Domestic workers and forestry workers accounted for the most of the TBE cases in DaXingAnLing, and domestic workers and farmers in XiaoXingAnLing and ChangBaiShan, respectively. The TBE cases mainly occurred from April to August with a peak in June. The TBE laboratory confirmed rate in DaXingAnLing (84.14%, 1,189/1,413 cases) was highest, compared with XiaoXingAnLing and ChangBaiShan (13.99% and 11.37%, respectively). Moreover, the hospital with the highest laboratory confirmed rate (88.01%, 1,336/1,518 cases) was Inner Mongolia Forestry General Hospital of DaXingAnling region. Systematic enhanced TBE surveillance and a vaccination program are needed to improve the laboratory confirmed rate and reduce the incidence of TBE in northeast China.
- Published
- 2019
16. Carbon/Nitrogen Imbalance Associated with Drought-Induced Leaf Senescence in Sorghum bicolor
- Author
-
Shiwen Wang, Xiping Deng, Daoqian Chen, Beibei Cao, and Binglin Xiong
- Subjects
Senescence ,Chlorophyll ,Nitrogen balance ,Osmotic shock ,Nitrogen ,lcsh:Medicine ,Biology ,Photosynthesis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nutrient ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Osmotic Pressure ,Stress, Physiological ,lcsh:Science ,Nitrogen cycle ,Sorghum ,Multidisciplinary ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,fungi ,lcsh:R ,Photosystem II Protein Complex ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,Carbon ,Droughts ,Plant Leaves ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,lcsh:Q ,Research Article - Abstract
Drought stress triggers mature leaf senescence, which supports plant survival and remobilization of nutrients; yet leaf senescence also critically decreases post-drought crop yield. Drought generally results in carbon/nitrogen imbalance, which is reflected in the increased carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratio in mature leaves, and which has been shown to be involved in inducing leaf senescence under normal growth conditions. Yet the involvement of the carbon/nitrogen balance in regulation of drought-induced leaf senescence is unclear. To investigate the role of carbon/nitrogen balance in drought-induced senescence, sorghum seedlings were subjected to a gradual soil drought treatment. Leaf senescence symptoms and the C:N ratio, which was indicated by the ratio of non-structural carbohydrate to total N content, were monitored during drought progression. In this study, leaf senescence developed about 12 days after the start of drought treatment, as indicated by various senescence symptoms including decreasing photosynthesis, photosystem II photochemistry efficiency (Fv/Fm) and chlorophyll content, and by the differential expression of senescence marker genes. The C:N ratio was significantly enhanced 10 to 12 days into drought treatment. Leaf senescence occurred in the older (lower) leaves, which had higher C:N ratios, but not in the younger (upper) leaves, which had lower C:N ratios. In addition, a detached leaf assay was conducted to investigate the effect of carbon/nitrogen availability on drought-induced senescence. Exogenous application of excess sugar combined with limited nitrogen promoted drought-induced leaf senescence. Thus our results suggest that the carbon/nitrogen balance may be involved in the regulation of drought-induced leaf senescence.
- Published
- 2015
17. Age is a critical risk factor for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
- Author
-
Haiying Yin, Mifang Liang, Shujun Ding, Xue Jie Yu, Naijie Zhang, Xuehua Xu, Jinping Li, Guoyu Niu, Xianjun Wang, Xiaolin Jiang, Shiwen Wang, and Xiaomei Zhang
- Subjects
Male ,Phlebovirus ,Veterinary medicine ,Epidemiology ,lcsh:Medicine ,Risk Factors ,Emerging Viral Diseases ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Young adult ,Child ,lcsh:Science ,Aged, 80 and over ,Immunodetection ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Age Factors ,Infectious Disease Immunology ,Middle Aged ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Emerging infectious disease ,Female ,Antibody ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Immunology ,Immunopathology ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Microbiology ,Young Adult ,Age Distribution ,Internal medicine ,Virology ,medicine ,Seroprevalence ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Survival analysis ,Aged ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Biology and Life Sciences ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ,Viral Disease Diagnosis ,biology.protein ,Immunologic Techniques ,Clinical Immunology ,lcsh:Q ,business ,Viral Transmission and Infection - Abstract
Background Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease in East Asia. SFTS is a tick borne hemorrhagic fever caused by SFTSV, a new bunyavirus named after the syndrome. We investigated the epidemiology of SFTS in Laizhou County, Shandong Province, China. Methods We collected serum specimens of all patients who were clinically diagnosed as suspected SFTS cases in 2010 and 2011 in Laizhou County. The patients' serum specimens were tested for SFTSV by real time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). We collected 1,060 serum specimens from healthy human volunteers by random sampling in Laizhou County in 2011. Healthy persons' serum specimens were tested for specific SFTSV IgG antibody by ELISA. Results 71 SFTS cases were diagnosed in Laizhou County in 2010 and 2011, which resulted in the incidence rate of 4.1/100,000 annually. The patients ranged from 15 years old to 87 years old and the median age of the patients were 59 years old. The incidence rate of SFTS was significantly higher in patients over 40 years old and fatal cases only occurred in patients over 50 years old. 3.3% (35/1,060) of healthy people were positive to SFTSV IgG antibody. The SFTSV antibody positive rate was not significantly different among people at different age groups. Conclusion Our results revealed that seroprevalence of SFTSV in healthy people in Laizhou County was not significantly different among age groups, but SFTS patients were mainly elderly people, suggesting that age is the critical risk factor or determinant for SFTS morbidity and mortality.
- Published
- 2014
18. Regulation Effects of Water and Nitrogen on the Source-Sink Relationship in Potato during the Tuber Bulking Stage
- Author
-
Shiwen Wang, Binglin Xiong, Hongbing Li, Lina Yin, Wenting Li, and Xiping Deng
- Subjects
Crops, Agricultural ,0106 biological sciences ,Nitrogen ,lcsh:Medicine ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biology ,Photosynthesis ,Plant Roots ,01 natural sciences ,Sink (geography) ,Field capacity ,Soil ,Nutrient ,Biomass ,Cultivar ,lcsh:Science ,Solanum tuberosum ,geography ,Multidisciplinary ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Crop yield ,lcsh:R ,Water ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Water level ,Plant Leaves ,Plant Tubers ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,lcsh:Q ,Research Article ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The source-sink relationship determines crop yield, and it is largely regulated by water and nutrients in agricultural production. This has been widely investigated in cereals, but fewer studies have been conducted in root and tuber crops such as potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The objective of this study was to investigate the source-sink relationship in potato and the regulation of water and nitrogen on the source-sink relationship during the tuber bulking stage. A pot experiment using virus-free plantlets of the Atlantic potato cultivar was conducted, using three water levels (50%, 70% and 90% of field capacity) and three nitrogen levels (0, 0.2, 0.4 g N∙kg−1 soil). The results showed that, under all water and nitrogen levels, plant source capacity were small at the end of the experiment, since photosynthetic activity in leaves were low and non-structural reserves in underground stems were completely remobilized. While at this time, there were very big differences in maximum and minimum tuber number and tuber weight, indicating that the sink tuber still had a large potential capacity to take in assimilates. These results suggest that the source-supplied assimilates were not sufficient enough to meet the demands of sink growth. Thus, we concluded that, unlike cereals, potato yield is more likely to be source-limited than sink-limited during the tuber bulking stage. Water and nitrogen are two key factors in potato production management. Our results showed that water level, nitrogen level and the interaction between water and nitrogen influence potato yield mainly through affecting source capacity via the net photosynthetic rate, total leaf area and leaf life span. Well-watered, sufficient nitrogen and well-watered combined with sufficient nitrogen increased yield mainly by enhancing the source capacity. Therefore, this suggests that increasing source capacity is more crucial to improve potato yield.
- Published
- 2016
19. Epidemiological and virological characteristics of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) school outbreaks in China in 2009
- Author
-
Michael J. Tildesley, Yan Gao, Ye Zhang, Ying Hu, Xianjun Wang, Tian Bai, Wei Wang, Yong Zhang, Lei Yan, Min Wang, Liqi Liu, Le-ying Wen, Yuelong Shu, Yu Lan, Xiaodan Li, Shiwen Wang, Dingming Wang, and Yuhong Zeng
- Subjects
Male ,Viral Diseases ,Epidemiology ,viruses ,Attack rate ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease Outbreaks ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Pandemic ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pediatric Epidemiology ,Child ,Asymptomatic Infections ,Schools ,Multidisciplinary ,Child Health ,virus diseases ,Viral Load ,Virus Shedding ,3. Good health ,Infectious Diseases ,Human mortality from H5N1 ,Female ,Public Health ,Viral load ,Research Article ,China ,Adolescent ,Clinical Research Design ,Science ,education ,Infectious Disease Epidemiology ,Virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Environmental health ,Influenza, Human ,Humans ,Viral shedding ,Biology ,Pandemics ,Population Biology ,business.industry ,Outbreak ,Virology ,Influenza ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,business - Abstract
BackgroundDuring the 2009 pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus (pH1N1) outbreak, school students were at an increased risk of infection by the pH1N1 virus. However, the estimation of the attack rate showed significant variability.MethodsTwo school outbreaks were investigated in this study. A questionnaire was designed to collect information by interview. Throat samples were collected from all the subjects in this study 6 times and sero samples 3 times to confirm the infection and to determine viral shedding. Data analysis was performed using the software STATA 9.0.FindingsThe attack rate of the pH1N1 outbreak was 58.3% for the primary school, and 52.9% for the middle school. The asymptomatic infection rates of the two schools were 35.8% and 37.6% respectively. Peak virus shedding occurred on the day of ARI symptoms onset, followed by a steady decrease over subsequent days (p = 0.026). No difference was found either in viral shedding or HI titer between the symptomatic and the asymptomatic infectious groups.ConclusionsSchool children were found to be at a high risk of infection by the novel virus. This may be because of a heightened risk of transmission owing to increased mixing at boarding school, or a lack of immunity owing to socio-economic status. We conclude that asymptomatically infectious cases may play an important role in transmission of the pH1N1 virus.
- Published
- 2012
20. Correction: Insulin and mTOR Pathway Regulate HDAC3-Mediated Deacetylation and Activation of PGK1
- Author
-
Kun-Liang Guan, Yukun Xia, Yue Xiong, Leilei Chen, L Zhou, Huaipeng Lin, Yi Wang, Bowen Jiang, Lixia Liu, Yi-Ping Wang, Chen Yang, Tengfei Zhang, Xiufei Chen, Dan Ye, and Shiwen Wang
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,QH301-705.5 ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Nerve Tissue Proteins ,Biology ,Histone Deacetylases ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Biology (General) ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Histone Acetyltransferases ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ,General Neuroscience ,Insulin ,Correction ,Acetylation ,HDAC3 ,Cell biology ,Adenosine Diphosphate ,Enzyme Activation ,Phosphoglycerate Kinase ,HEK293 Cells ,Endocrinology ,Carbohydrate Metabolism ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Glycolysis ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) catalyzes the reversible transfer of a phosphoryl group from 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate (1, 3-BPG) to ADP, producing 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) and ATP. PGK1 plays a key role in coordinating glycolytic energy production with one-carbon metabolism, serine biosynthesis, and cellular redox regulation. Here, we report that PGK1 is acetylated at lysine 220 (K220), which inhibits PGK1 activity by disrupting the binding with its substrate, ADP. We have identified KAT9 and HDAC3 as the potential acetyltransferase and deacetylase, respectively, for PGK1. Insulin promotes K220 deacetylation to stimulate PGK1 activity. We show that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway regulates HDAC3 S424 phosphorylation, which promotes HDAC3-PGK1 interaction and PGK1 K220 deacetylation. Our study uncovers a previously unknown mechanism for the insulin and mTOR pathway in regulation of glycolytic ATP production and cellular redox potential via HDAC3-mediated PGK1 deacetylation.
- Published
- 2015
21. Maiden Outbreak of Chikungunya in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, China: Epidemiological Characteristics
- Author
-
Qiaoli, Zhang, primary, Jianfeng, He, additional, De, Wu, additional, Zijun, Wang, additional, Xinguang, Zhong, additional, Haojie, Zhong, additional, Fan, Ding, additional, Zhiquan, Liu, additional, Shiwen, Wang, additional, Zhenyu, Huang, additional, Yonghui, Zhang, additional, Changwen, Ke, additional, Dakang, Yuan, additional, Wenjia, Liang, additional, Deqiong, Li, additional, and Pinghua, Chen, additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. The Seroprevalence of Pandemic Influenza H1N1 (2009) Virus in China
- Author
-
Tao Chen, Ying Hu, A. Danielle Iuliano, Lei Yang, Cuiling Xu, Yuhong Zeng, Shiwen Wang, Min Wang, Le-ying Wen, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Dexin Li, Weizhong Yang, Yu Wang, Yuelong Shu, Limei Yang, Zijian Feng, Shumei Zou, Zi Li, Yanping Zhang, Tian Bai, Wei Wang, Xiaodan Li, and Hongjie Yu
- Subjects
Viral Diseases ,Epidemiology ,Attack rate ,Antibodies, Viral ,Logistic regression ,Serology ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,0302 clinical medicine ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Child ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,Vaccination ,Titer ,Infectious Diseases ,Influenza Vaccines ,Child, Preschool ,Research Article ,Adult ,China ,Adolescent ,Science ,Immunology ,Cross Reactions ,Infectious Disease Epidemiology ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Influenza, Human ,Humans ,Seroprevalence ,Biology ,Immunity to Infections ,Reactogenicity ,030306 microbiology ,business.industry ,Immunity ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Influenza ,business ,Demography - Abstract
BackgroundMainland China experienced pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus (pH1N1) with peak activity during November-December 2009. To understand the geographic extent, risk factors, and attack rate of pH1N1 infection in China we conducted a nationwide serological survey to determine the prevalence of antibodies to pH1N1.Methodology/principal findingsStored serum samples (n = 2,379) collected during 2006-2008 were used to estimate baseline serum reactogenicity to pH1N1. In January 2010, we used a multistage-stratified random sampling method to select 50,111 subjects who met eligibility criteria and collected serum samples and administered a standardized questionnaire. Antibody response to pH1N1 was measured using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and the weighted seroprevalence was calculated using the Taylor series linearization method. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine risk factors for pH1N1 seropositivity. Baseline seroprevalence of pH1N1 antibody (HI titer ≥40) was 1.2%. The weighted seroprevalence of pH1N1 among the Chinese population was 21.5%(vaccinated: 62.0%; unvaccinated: 17.1%). Among unvaccinated participants, those aged 6-15 years (32.9%) and 16-24 years (30.3%) had higher seroprevalence compared with participants aged 25-59 years (10.7%) and ≥60 years (9.9%, PConclusions/significanceThe Chinese population had low pre-existing immunity to pH1N1 and experienced a relatively high attack rate in 2009 of this virus. We recommend routine control measures such as vaccination to reduce transmission and spread of seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses.
- Published
- 2011
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.