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Your search keyword '"de Swart, Rik L."' showing total 13 results
Start Over Author "de Swart, Rik L." Publisher public library of science (plos)
13 results on '"de Swart, Rik L."'

2. Modeling the measles paradox reveals the importance of cellular immunity in regulating viral clearance

Author

Morris, Sinead Elizabeth, Yates, Andrew J., De Swart, Rik L., De Vries, Rory D., Mina, Michael J., Nelson, Ashley N., Lin, Wen-Hsuan W., Kouyos, Roger D., Griffin, Diane E., Grenfell, Bryan T., and Virology

Subjects
Morbilliviruses, Molecular biology--Mathematical models, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Measles virus, QH301-705.5, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), Cellular immunity
Abstract

Measles virus (MV) is a highly contagious member of the Morbillivirus genus that remains a major cause of childhood mortality worldwide. Although infection induces a strong MV-specific immune response that clears viral load and confers lifelong immunity, transient immunosuppression can also occur, leaving the host vulnerable to colonization from secondary pathogens. This apparent contradiction of viral clearance in the face of immunosuppression underlies what is often referred to as the ‘measles paradox’, and remains poorly understood. To explore the mechanistic basis underlying the measles paradox, and identify key factors driving viral clearance, we return to a previously published dataset of MV infection in rhesus macaques. These data include virological and immunological information that enable us to fit a mathematical model describing how the virus interacts with the host immune system. In particular, our model incorporates target cell depletion through infection of host immune cells—a hallmark of MV pathology that has been neglected from previous models. We find the model captures the data well, and that both target cell depletion and immune activation are required to explain the overall dynamics. Furthermore, by simulating conditions of increased target cell availability and suppressed cellular immunity, we show that the latter causes greater increases in viral load and delays to MV clearance. Overall, this signals a more dominant role for cellular immunity in resolving acute MV infection. Interestingly, we find contrasting dynamics dominated by target cell depletion when viral fitness is increased. This may have wider implications for animal morbilliviruses, such as canine distemper virus (CDV), that cause fatal target cell depletion in their natural hosts. To our knowledge this work represents the first fully calibrated within-host model of MV dynamics and, more broadly, provides a new platform from which to explore the complex mechanisms underlying Morbillivirus infection.

Published
2018

3. Delineating morbillivirus entry, dissemination and airborne transmission by studying in vivo competition of multicolor canine distemper viruses in ferrets

Author

de Vries, Rory D., primary, Ludlow, Martin, additional, de Jong, Alwin, additional, Rennick, Linda J., additional, Verburgh, R. Joyce, additional, van Amerongen, Geert, additional, van Riel, Debby, additional, van Run, Peter R. W. A., additional, Herfst, Sander, additional, Kuiken, Thijs, additional, Fouchier, Ron A. M., additional, Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E., additional, de Swart, Rik L., additional, and Duprex, W. Paul, additional

Published
2017
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6. T-Cell Tropism of Simian Varicella Virus during Primary Infection

Author

Ouwendijk, Werner J. D., primary, Mahalingam, Ravi, additional, de Swart, Rik L., additional, Haagmans, Bart L., additional, van Amerongen, Geert, additional, Getu, Sarah, additional, Gilden, Don, additional, Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E., additional, and Verjans, Georges M. G. M., additional

Published
2013
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9. Early Target Cells of Measles Virus after Aerosol Infection of Non-Human Primates

Author

Lemon, Ken, primary, de Vries, Rory D., additional, Mesman, Annelies W., additional, McQuaid, Stephen, additional, van Amerongen, Geert, additional, Yüksel, Selma, additional, Ludlow, Martin, additional, Rennick, Linda J., additional, Kuiken, Thijs, additional, Rima, Bertus K., additional, Geijtenbeek, Teunis B. H., additional, Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E., additional, Duprex, W. Paul, additional, and de Swart, Rik L., additional

Published
2011
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