1. CD44+ cancer stem-like cells in EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma
- Author
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Sai Wah Tsao, Kwong Wai Choy, Alice Suk-Hang Cheng, Chit Chow, Siu Tim Cheung, Grace Tin-Yun Chung, John K. S. Woo, Ka Fai To, Margaret H.L. Ng, Chartia Ching-Mei Cheung, Philippe Busson, Chun-Wai Ko, Kwok Wai Lo, Samantha Wei-Man Lun, and Phyllis F. Y. Cheung
- Subjects
Male ,Herpesvirus 4, Human ,Cellular pathology ,Cancer Treatment ,lcsh:Medicine ,Stem cell marker ,Metastasis ,Mice ,Molecular Cell Biology ,Basic Cancer Research ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,lcsh:Science ,education.field_of_study ,Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ,Multidisciplinary ,Stem Cells ,Middle Aged ,Head and Neck Tumors ,Immunohistochemistry ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ,Hyaluronan Receptors ,Oncology ,Neoplastic Stem Cells ,Medicine ,Infectious diseases ,Female ,Cellular Types ,Research Article ,Receptors, CCR7 ,Population ,Nasopharyngeal neoplasm ,Mice, Nude ,Viral diseases ,Biology ,SOX2 ,Neutralization Tests ,Cancer stem cell ,Spheroids, Cellular ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,education ,Cell Proliferation ,Gene Expression Profiling ,SOXB1 Transcription Factors ,lcsh:R ,Carcinoma ,Cell Membrane ,CD44 ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ,Chemotherapy and Drug Treatment ,medicine.disease ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,Molecular biology ,Clone Cells ,stomatognathic diseases ,Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ,Epstein-Barr virus infectious mononucleosis ,biology.protein ,lcsh:Q - Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a unique EBV-associated epithelial malignancy, showing highly invasive and metastatic phenotype. Despite increasing evidence demonstrating the critical role of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) in the maintenance and progression of tumors in a variety of malignancies, the existence and properties of CSC in EBV-associated NPC are largely unknown. Our study aims to elucidate the presence and role of CSCs in the pathogenesis of this malignant disease. Sphere-forming cells were isolated from an EBV-positive NPC cell line C666-1 and its tumor-initiating properties were confirmed by in vitro and in vivo assays. In these spheroids, up-regulation of multiple stem cell markers were found. By flow cytometry, we demonstrated that both CD44 and SOX2 were overexpressed in a majority of sphere-forming C666-1 cells. The CD44+SOX2+ cells was detected in a minor population in EBV-positive xenografts and primary tumors and considered as potential CSC in NPC. Notably, the isolated CD44+ NPC cells were resistant to chemotherapeutic agents and with higher spheroid formation efficiency, showing CSC properties. On the other hand, microarray analysis has revealed a number of differentially expressed genes involved in transcription regulation (e.g. FOXN4, GLI1), immune response (CCR7, IL8) and transmembrane transport (e.g. ABCC3, ABCC11) in the spheroids. Among these genes, increased expression of CCR7 in CD44+ CSCs was confirmed in NPC xenografts and primary tumors. Importantly, blocking of CCR7 abolished the sphere-forming ability of C666-1 in vitro. Expression of CCR7 was associated with recurrent disease and distant metastasis. The current study defined the specific properties of a CSC subpopulation in EBV-associated NPC. Our findings provided new insights into developing effective therapies targeting on CSCs, thereby potentiating treatment efficacy for NPC patients.
- Published
- 2012