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Background: Nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, including activity against antibiotic-resistant strains, and was developed for treating community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This report provides an integrated safety summary of oral nemonoxacin from two phase II and one phase III clinical studies., Methods: Patients with mild CAP were randomized for treatment with nemonoxacin 500 mg (NEMO-500MG), nemonoxacin 750 mg (NEMO-750MG), or levofloxacin 500 mg (LEVO), orally, once daily, for 7-10 days. Hematological, gastrointestinal, and hepatic disorders; electrocardiography abnormalities; and reported quinolone-associated clinical concerns were included in this analysis., Results: A total of 520, 155, and 320 subjects were assigned to receive NEMO-500MG, NEMO-750MG, and LEVO, respectively. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was the highest (54.8%) in the NEMO-750MG group (NEMO-500MG, 36.9%; NEMO-750MG, 54.8%; LEVO, 39.7%) and that of drug-related AEs was comparable between the three groups (NEMO-500MG, 22.9%; NEMO-750MG, 31.0%; LEVO, 22.5%). The majority (>80%) of the patients showed mild drug-related AEs and the distribution based on severity was similar between the groups. The most commonly reported drug-related AEs included neutropenia (NEMO-500MG, 2.5%; NEMO-750MG, 8.4%; LEVO, 4.4%), nausea (NEMO-500MG, 2.5%; NEMO-750MG, 7.1%; LEVO, 2.5%), leukopenia (NEMO-500MG, 2.3%; NEMO-750MG, 4.5%; LEVO, 3.1%), and increased alanine aminotransferase level (NEMO-500MG, 4.4%; NEMO-750MG, 0%; LEVO, 2.5%)., Conclusion: Nemonoxacin was well tolerated and no clinically significant safety concerns were identified, suggesting that it possesses a desirable safety and tolerability profile similar to that of levofloxacin, and may be a suitable alternative to fluoroquinolones for treating patients with CAP., (Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Good's syndrome is an acquired immunodeficiency state associated with thymoma and characterized by recurrent pulmonary infections. We describe a 67-year-old woman who presented with respiratory symptoms caused by concomitant disseminated cytomegalovirus infection and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia 38 months after thymectomy for a thymoma. Immunologic analysis revealed hypogammaglobulinemia with absent B-cell population as demonstrated by flow cytometry, consistent with Good's syndrome. Following treatment with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and ganciclovir, the patient improved with resolution of her respiratory symptoms. However, the patient subsequently experienced additional infections, necessitating additional subsequent hospital admissions. During the last admission, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) replacement therapy was initiated and continued after discharge. Infection has been prevented for one year after beginning IVIG replacement therapy. This case reveals that in patients with combined humoral and cell-mediated immune deficiency, concomitant infection with different pathogens is not unusual, and immediate specific therapy is important. Periodic IVIG infusion, to maintain adequate Ig levels, is recommended., (Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) often coexists with and can significantly worsen bronchial asthma (BA). We evaluated the proportion of patients with BA and concomitant AR (BA+AR) diagnosed and treated in an average clinical practice., Methods: A cross-sectional study methodology was used to determine the prevalence of AR in patients more than 15 years of age with a documented history of asthma who experienced wheezing during the prior 12 months. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood standardized written questionnaire was used and therapeutic class choices were recorded., Results: Among 750 surveyed asthma patients, 524 patients (69.9%) experienced AR. Of those with BA and AR, there were 44 patients (8.4%) who were not diagnosed with AR, and the treatment rate for AR was 62.1%. The most frequent severity level of BA and AR were moderate persistent (38.9%) and intermittent mild (52.5%), respectively. There were no significant differences between patients with AR and without AR., Conclusions: The prevalence of AR in patients with asthma was 69.9% in this study. Despite Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma guideline recommendations encouraging evaluation and treatment of AR among asthmatics, nearly 8.4% of asthmatics with AR were undiagnosed, and 37.9% of asthmatics with AR were untreated for AR., (Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier B.V.)