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Objectives The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of charcoal toothpastes on the surface roughness and microhardness of resin composites.Methods A total of 132 disc-shaped specimens were produced using a plastic mould of 8mm internal diameter and 2 mm thickness. Sixty six samples each from composite resins Z250 Filtek Z250 XT bulk- fill Tetric-N - Ceram all in A3 shade were prepared. For the surface roughness and microhardness testing the samples were split into three subgroups of seven specimens each and thirty specimens in total. Colgate total charcoal deep clean Healthvit activated charcoal toothpaste and Colgate total charcoal toothpaste were used to brush these specimens. A Vickers microhardness tester was used to assess microhardness and a portable surface profile metre was used to assess surface roughness. The data were statistically assessed by applying the paired t test ANOVA and Shapiro Wilks test.Results At first the surface characteristics of each composite resin varied significantly. Comparison of Tetric-N-Ceram with Filtek Z250 XT revealed higher baseline values. Colgate total charcoal deep clean toothpaste demonstrated an increase in surface roughness while Healthvit activated charcoal toothpaste showed a larger decrease in microhardness.Conclusion Microhardness and surface roughness were significantly impacted by the dentifrices that were employed. Following the dentifrice exposure Tetric-N-Ceram had less microhardness and more surface roughness. When compared to Colgate total charcoal deep clean Healthvit activated charcoal toothpaste showed the greatest reduction in microhardness. Conversely as compared to Healthvit activated charcoal toothpaste Colgate charcoal displayed a higher amount of surface roughness.