1. Strontium-substituted phosphate-based glass exhibits improved and optimized bioactive in vitro and in vivo responses
- Author
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Jeong-Hyun Ryu, Myung-Jin Lee, Utkarsh Mangal, Ji-Yeong Seo, Il Jun Jeong, Jin-Young Park, Ji-Yeong Na, Kee-Joon Lee, Hyung-Seog Yu, Jae-Kook Cha, Jae-Sung Kwon, and Sung-Hwan Choi
- Abstract
Background Phosphate-based glass (PBG) is an attractive bioactive material for promoting the cellular regenerative response. PBG consists of glass network which contains phosphate as the main component and can be substituted into various therapeutic ions. Strontium (Sr) can stimulate osteogenic activity and inhibit the pro-inflammatory response. However, there are limited studies on the characterization and biological performance Sr-substituted PBG (PSr). In this study, PSr was characterized and its of immuno-osteogenic response potential was investigated for substituting Ca with Sr. Considering a priority for cellular activity, we compared the optimized PSr against the benchmark 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) for its effect on cellular bioactive response and regenerative hard tissue. Methods PSr groups were fabricated by a melt-quenching method; subsequently, they were characterized and their biological performance was investigated for the preference of PSr. Considering the clinically used BG as the benchmark, PSr was evaluated based on the cytotoxicity assay, osteogenic activity, pro-inflammatory response, and implantation of calvaria bone defect. Results PSr groups exhibited a glass structure and phosphate network similar to that of PBG. However, the results of ion release analysis showed that PSr6 was stable in accordance with Ca/P, Ca/Sr, and P/Sr ratios. Based on these results, the cellular response of PSr6 was the highest, which increased for the early osteogenic marker and inhibited the inflammatory response. Compared to the clinically used BG as the benchmark, PSr6 promoted osteogenic activity and suppressed inflammatory response. The results of in vivo study indicated that the new bone formation in the PSr6 was similar to that in benchmark BG. However, the limitation of this study was the four weeks of implantation. However, the results of our study suggest that PSr6 is promising for enhancing the immuno-osteogenic response and regenerating hard tissue with the optimized glass structure having Ca/Sr ratio of 2:1. Conclusions The developed PSr6 demonstrated stable physical properties, favorable cytocompatibility, and immune-osteogenic response. Compared with benchmark BG, PSr6 exhibited enhanced immuno-osteogenic response and regeneration of new bone and connective tissues. Therefore, PSr6 is a potential bone grafting material for regenerative hard tissue.
- Published
- 2023