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Purpose: to describe and characterize alterations in orofacial individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 and to correlate these changes with clinical manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 and the muscular strength. Methods: the study included 24 individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1, 12 males and 12 females, aged between 14 and 50 years, matched by sex and age, with volunteers not affected by the disease. All subjects were evaluated for maximal handgrip force (Fmáx) and evaluated for orofacial motricity using the MBGR protocol. Results: the main findings of this study demonstrated that individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 had higher prevalence of abnormal structures phonoarticulatory and significant differences (p < 0.05), when compared to the control group in relation to body posture and speech organs, mobility, muscle tone, pain on palpation and stomatognathic functions. The total score of the test also showed Spearman correlation coefficient significant at 5% over Fmáx. Conclusion: patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 had a higher prevalence of phonoarticulatory changes with significant impacts on the functions of breathing, chewing, swallowing and speaking. These alterations were correlated with the reduction of systemic muscular strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: to evaluate and compare the swallowing of mouth and nose breathers through of speechlanguage and electromyography evaluation concerning the orbicularis oris muscles, and lower and upper lips. Methods: 16 subjects aged 6:8 - 10:10 and divided on two groups participated in this study, one with mouth and another one with nose breathers. Both groups were submitted to clinical and surface electromyography evaluation. The speech-language evaluation contemplated the exam of the structures and functions of the stomatognathic system. The electromyography evaluation consisted of the captivation of the electrical activity at the orbicularis oris muscles, and lower and upper lips, during isometry and swallowing situations. In the clinical results were considered only the swallowing variables. Therefore, our study could observe the presence of labial and mentalis action and tongue projection, that were analyzed in a descriptive form. The statistical analysis of the electromyography results was done through the t test in order to compare the groups. The statistical considered significance was 5% (p<0.05). Results: in the clinical evaluation it was verified that any of the nose breathers showed atypical swallowing characteristics while 7 (87.5%) of the mouth breathers showed labial action, 6 (75%) showed mentalis action and 6 (75%) showed tongue projection. In the electromyography evaluation, a higher muscular activity was verified, in the mouth breathers, when comparing to the nose breathers, in both lips, with a statistical significance. Conclusions: in this study it was verified that mouth breathers showed significant alterations in the swallowing functions when compared to the nose breathers that were observed through a clinical examination and electromyography evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: to compare Suprahyoid musculature's electric activity during swallowing in subjects with dissimilar morphological and dental patterns. Methods: surface Electromyography's records were taken from 32 healthy volunteers who do not have Temporomandibular Dysfunction, subdivided into two groups, Angle's 16 Class I subjects and 16 Class III subjects, males and females, aging from 18 to 25-year old. Results: the values to Root Mens Square (p< 0.05): original Class I (15.238) e Class III (32.550); normalized by maximum peak Class I (29.765) e Class III (42.094); normalized by medium Class I (29.332) e Class III (42.327). Cycle's active period (p<0.05) Class I (29.7648) e Class III (42.0937); maximum activity instance (p>0.05) Class I (47.6485) e Class III (47.9437). Conclusion: class I subjects showed a smaller average amplitude, with increase and decrease of synchronized and balanced electric activity. Class III subjects showed a larger average amplitude and a larger desynchronized and unbalanced period during deglutition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]