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Nowadays, infertility is a prevalent problem among couples. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may influence the female reproductive outcomes through multiple mechanisms, being one of the important causes of infertility. These compounds may interfere with some fertility and fecundity markers, leading to increased time to pregnancy, increased risk of spontaneous abortion, shorter menstrual cycles, early age at menopause, anovulation or delayed ovulation, smaller preovulatory follicles, increased serum FSH, decreased synthesis of estradiol and progesterone, low plasma levels of anti-Mullerian hormone and decreased antral follicle count. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals may also impair in vitro fertilization outcomes, being responsible for: a lower probability of implantation, reduced fertilization rates, diminished probability of clinical pregnancy, and near term pregnancies after in vitro fertilization. Another mechanism of altering the female reproductive function is through the disorders induced by EDCs, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, uterine fibroids, and endometriosis. Those conditions may finally lead to infertility.

The chemical pregnancy is an early pregnancy loss occurring shortly after implantation. 50-75% of all miscarriages are considered to be chemical pregnancies. Although the pregnancy test is positive, the fetus cannot be detected on ultrasounds; it can be asymptomatic or it can have menstrual-like cramping and bleeding. There are numerous risk factors associated with miscarriage, such as: epidemiological, genetic, anatomical, endometrial, endocrine and immune factors, infections, inherited thrombophilia and antiphospholipid syndrome. Many drugs are related with spontaneous miscarriage, significant evidence being found for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, inhaled corticosteroids, antidepressant medication, antiepileptic and antihypertensive drugs, the artemisinin-based combination therapy and for the diclofenac/misoprostol combination. Besides the common diseases like asthma, chronic hypertension, chronic kidney disease, thyroid disorders, diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovary syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis, there was also found a higher correlation with the risk of miscarriage for the Zika Virus infection. In conclusion, chemical pregnancy is a type of early pregnancy loss which usually doesn�t need prevention, associated with multiple risk factors.

The present study quantifies the effect of the two botulinum toxin type A products, Xeomin and Dysport, with approval from the National Agency for Medicines and Medical Devices of Romania (ANMDMR), for the treatment of the spastic upper limb following a stroke. The results obtained in the present study show a good efficiency of using both products in the spasticity of the upper limb, and a maintenance of the results obtained for both products for a minimum period of 3 months. Also, at higher doses, the results of the study show better improvement of spasticity and upper limb function on the evaluation scales, but the local effect is not maintained for a longer period.

Obesity has reached alarming levels worldwide. Urinary incontinence disorders are associated with a profound negative effect on the quality of life. Obesity in women is associated with stress urinary incontinence. This review aims to highlight the mechanisms, the implications, as well as the best therapeutic approach for stress urinary incontinence in obese women, all following the rigorous documentation of the current research.